Acidic and alkaline deep eutectic solvents pre-treatment to produce high aspect ratio microfibrillated cellulose.

This study highlights the microfibrillation potential of three deep eutectic solvents (DES) composed of betaine hydrochloride-urea, choline chloride-urea and choline chloride-monoethanolamine. Cellulose fibres (eucalyptus and cotton) were first treated in DES (100 °C for 4 h) and then ground with an ultra-fine grinder to produce microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). DES pre-treatment especially betaine hydrochloride-urea system has significantly improved the microfibrillation process with reduced energy consumption comparable to that of enzymatic treatment (reference pre-treatment).

Effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents on cellulosic fibres and paper properties: Green "chemical" refining.

This work aims to study the effects of Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) on cellulosic fibre structure. A focus was made on the induced fibrillation phenomena which could facilitate the further production of microfibrillated cellulose. Three DES of different pH (acid, neutral and alkaline), namely betaine hydrochloride-urea, choline chloride-urea and choline chloride-monoethanolamine, were tested.

Lignin containing micro and nano-fibrillated cellulose obtained by steam explosion: Comparative study between different processes.

The isolation of lignin containing micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose (L-MNFC) requires a multistep process. In this study, beech wood was pre-treated by steam explosion (SE), refined or pre-treated by 3 SE and grinded until gel formation. A conventional cooking in an autoclave (SC) was applied in order to get a control sample.

Synthesis and characterization of cellulose carbonate using greenchemistry: Surface modification of Avicel.

The development of new derivatives based on renewable natural resources using green chemistry is a concept gaining recognition in several industries. This work focused on the preparation and characterization of cellulose carbonate using dimethyl carbonate as the green reagent in ethanoic KOH solution. The effect of several reaction parameters were evaluated, i.