Illness identity and adjusting to type I diabetes: A four-wave longitudinal study.

Objectives: Prior research has linked illness identity-or the extent to which the illness is integrated into one's identity-to diabetes-specific functioning. Four illness identity dimensions have been identified: rejection, acceptance, engulfment, and enrichment. As longitudinal research on this topic is scarce, this study examined developmental trajectories of illness identity and prospective associations between illness identity and diabetes-specific functioning.

Health-related quality of life in youth with type 1 diabetes: Associations with multiple comorbidities and mental health conditions.

Aim: This cross-sectional study examined the associations of comorbid conditions on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in 601 youth with type 1 diabetes. We evaluated associations between number of comorbid conditions (0, 1, ≥2) and particular comorbid conditions and youth HRQOL by self-report and parent proxy-report.

Research Design And Methods: Youth with type 1 diabetes, aged 5-18 years, and their parents completed the PedsQL 4.

Advances, Challenges, and Cost Associated with Continuous Glucose Monitor Use in Adolescents and Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

Purpose Of Review: Continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are transforming diabetes management, yet adolescents and young adults (AYA) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not experience the same benefits seen with CGM use in adults. The purpose of this review is to explore advances, challenges, and the financial impact of CGM use in AYA with T1D.

Recent Findings: CGM studies in young adults highlight challenges and suggest unique barriers to CGM use in this population.

Ready or not? Greater readiness for independent self-care predicts better self-management but not HbA in teens with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: Prior to the transfer from paediatric to adult health care transition, teens with type 1 diabetes seek increasing independence in diabetes self-care while parent involvement in care decreases. Yet, few teens attain glycaemic targets. This study aimed to assess changes in perceived readiness for independent self-care in teens with type 1 diabetes over 18 months, from both teens' and parents' perspectives, and to evaluate its predictive value for diabetes self-management and haemoglobin A1c (HbA ).

Executive function mediates the link between externalizing behavior and HbA1c in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A cross-national investigation.

Objective: Externalizing behavior (i.e., conduct problems, hyperactivity) and executive function (EF) problems in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have been associated with worse diabetes-related and psychosocial outcomes but have not been examined in relationship to each other.

Executive dysfunction is associated with poorer health-related quality of life in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: differences by sex.

Purpose: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most complex and demanding chronic diseases in adolescents. Given the detrimental impact of problems with executive function (EF; the ability to initiate, plan, and monitor behavior) on health outcomes in adolescents with T1D, most studies have examined common diabetes-specific outcomes related to self-management and glycemic control. This study aims to investigate the impact of executive dysfunction on health-related quality of life (HRQoL; an individual's perceived impact of illness and treatment on daily functioning) in adolescents with T1D from a multi-informant perspective.

Sleep and depressive symptoms in adolescents with type 1 diabetes not meeting glycemic targets.

Aims: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at risk for problems with self-management and suboptimal glycemic control, and depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances predict poorer diabetes outcomes. Despite evidence for associations between adolescent depressive symptoms and sleep in the general population, few studies have investigated this link in the vulnerable group of adolescents with T1D not meeting glycemic targets. The current study sought to assess both depressive symptoms and sleep in relation to diabetes indicators in adolescents with T1D.

Health Care Transition in Type 1 Diabetes: Perspectives of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists Caring for Young Adults.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to describe experiences reported by diabetes care and education specialists caring for young adults with type 1 diabetes and to assess perceived deficiencies in clinical resources and barriers to care delivery.

Methods: A 60-item electronic survey was fielded through email to members of the Association of Diabetes Care and Education Specialists (ADCES). Respondents completed a survey consisting of: (1) clinical practice characteristics and respondents' demographics; (2) health care transition components (eg, referrals) and their perceived importance; (3) framework of current clinical diabetes care delivery and perceived need for additional support; and (4) perceived barriers regarding clinical care delivery.

Using Person-Reported Outcomes (PROs) to Motivate Young People with Diabetes.

Purpose Of Review: This manuscript describes how person-reported outcomes (PROs) can be utilized in care for young people with diabetes in the context of motivation.

Recent Findings: The use of person-reported outcome measures (PROMS) in clinical care is feasible and acceptable, and helps focus the clinical encounter on life domains important to the person with diabetes. Results with regard to impact on self-management and glycemic outcomes are limited.

Communication matters: The role of autonomy-supportive communication by health care providers and parents in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Although research exists on parental communication in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D), the role of communication by health care providers remains understudied. Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, this study examined the role of autonomy-supportive communication (i.e.

Assessing readiness for independent self-care in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Introducing the RISQ.

Aim: To design and evaluate psychometrics of adolescent self-report and parent proxy-report questionnaires assessing readiness for independent self-care in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (RISQ-T and RISQ-P).

Methods: 178 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (ages 13-17 years) and their parents completed the 20-item RISQ-T and 15-item RISQ-P, along with diabetes-specific measures of parent involvement, self-efficacy, burden, and treatment adherence. Evaluation of psychometric properties included calculation of internal consistency, adolescent and parent agreement, test-retest reliability, concurrent and predictive validity.

Parental stress, anxiety and trait mindfulness: associations with parent-child mealtime interactions in children with type 1 diabetes.

Introduction This study examined how maternal and paternal stress, anxiety, and trait mindfulness, and child glycemic control are related to real-life parent-child interactions in families confronted with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods Parents reported on trait mindfulness, illness-related parenting stress, general stress, and state anxiety. Parent-child mealtime interactions were videotaped and scored in 33 families (31 mothers and 20 fathers) of children with T1D (5-12y.

Families with pediatric type 1 diabetes: A comparison with the general population on child well-being, parental distress, and parenting behavior.

Aims: The aim of this study was to compare families with a child (2-12 years) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) to families which are not confronted with chronic illness, with regard to children's well-being, parental distress, and parenting behavior. In addition, differences were explored between families whose child has optimal vs suboptimal glycemic control.

Methods: Mothers, fathers, and children of 105 families with pediatric T1D completed questionnaires assessing child well-being, parental distress, and parenting.

"Let's talk about it" The role of parental communication in adolescents' motivation to adhere to treatment recommendations for type 1 diabetes.

Objective: Grounded in Self-Determination Theory, this study examines the role of parental expectations and communication style (ie, in an autonomy-supportive vs controlling way) in the prediction of adolescent motivation (ie, internalization or defiance) to adhere to self-management for type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Structural Equation Modeling was used in a cross-sectional, multi-informant study of 129 adolescents (Mage = 14.43; 54.

Disturbed Eating Behaviors in Adolescents and Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A One-Year Prospective Study.

Objective: Disturbed eating behavior (DEB) is prevalent in youth with type 1 diabetes and is accompanied by an increased risk for complications, morbidity, and mortality. Prospective studies on DEB in the challenging transition to adulthood are scarce. This longitudinal study examined DEB over a 1-year period and investigated the directionality of effects linking DEB to diabetes-specific functioning and depressive symptoms in adolescents and emerging adults.

Mindfulness, Worries, and Parenting in Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: Parents of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) often experience distress and worries, which may negatively impact their parenting behaviors. The current study investigates parental mindfulness (i.e.

Child and parental executive functioning in type 1 diabetes: Their unique and interactive role toward treatment adherence and glycemic control.

Objective: Managing type 1 diabetes (T1D) requires the ability to make complex and critical decisions regarding treatment, to execute complex tasks accurately, and to make adjustments when problems arise. This requires effective neuropsychological competences of patients and their families, especially in the domain of executive functioning (EF): the ability to self-monitor, plan, solve problems, and set priorities. Previous research focused mainly on child EF, neglecting the impact of parental EF.

Parenting and Treatment Adherence in Type 1 Diabetes Throughout Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood.

Objective: To examine the role of diabetes-specific parental regulation and general parenting dimensions (responsiveness and psychological control) in treatment adherence throughout adolescence and emerging adulthood.

Methods: A total of 521 patients (aged 14-25 years) with Type 1 diabetes, 407 mothers, and 345 fathers were included. Analyses within and across informants examined the associations between the parenting variables and treatment adherence (and potential moderation effects in these associations).

Coping with type 1 diabetes through emerging adulthood: Longitudinal associations with perceived control and haemoglobin A1c.

Objective: This study, which is part of a larger longitudinal study focusing on the biopsychosocial functioning of emerging adults with type 1 diabetes, examined how perceived personal control, coping and HbA1c relate to one another over time.

Design And Main Outcome Measures: Emerging adults with type 1 diabetes (18-30 years old) participated in a two-wave longitudinal study spanning five years (N = 164 at Time 1). At both times, patients completed questionnaires on perceived control and coping (i.

Change and stability in depressive symptoms in young adults with type 1 diabetes.

This study examined inter-individual differences in depressive symptom development in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Individuals with persistent depressive symptoms were at risk for suboptimal development in terms of illness perceptions, illness functioning, and self-esteem. Individuals reporting no/minimal depressive symptoms over time were characterized by the most optimal development.

Belgian siblings of children with a chronic illness: Is their quality of life different from their peers?

To assess Belgian siblings' self-reported quality of life (QoL) and the impact of illness on four different paediatric illnesses. Healthy siblings (n = 131) of children with type 1 diabetes, cancer, congenital heart disease (CHD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) completed the Child Health Questionnaire and the Sibling Perception Questionnaire. Results were compared to those of a matched group of siblings of healthy children.