[Group B streptococcal perinatal infection: A Global, Latin American and Mexican Overview].

Group B streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) cause a number of infections in women during pregnancy and postpartum, such as urinary tract infection, chorioamnionitis and endometritis, consequently may affect the newborn. Group B streptococci is the most common cause of severe infections in newborns in developed countries. Studies on the epidemiology of group B streptococci infections in Latin America are still limited.

[Assessment of antibiotic use and impact of an intervention intended to modify the prescribing behavior in surgical prophylaxis in 6hospitals in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, Mexico].

Background: Improper use of antibiotics increases antimicrobial resistance.

Objective: Evaluate the use of antibiotics and the impact of an intervention designed to improve antibiotic prescription for surgical prophylaxis in 6 hospitals of Monterrey, Mexico.

Material And Methods: Design: A prospective multicenter survey and a pretest-postest experimental study.

Mutations Related to Antiretroviral Resistance Identified by Ultra-Deep Sequencing in HIV-1 Infected Children under Structured Interruptions of HAART.

Although Structured Treatment Interruptions (STI) are currently not considered an alternative strategy for antiretroviral treatment, their true benefits and limitations have not been fully established. Some studies suggest the possibility of improving the quality of life of patients with this strategy; however, the information that has been obtained corresponds mostly to studies conducted in adults, with a lack of knowledge about its impact on children. Furthermore, mutations associated with antiretroviral resistance could be selected due to sub-therapeutic levels of HAART at each interruption period.

[Comparison of the tests polymerase chain reaction, serology, and blood culture with respect to sensitivity and specificity for detection of Brucella spp in human samples].

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction for detection of Brucella spp in human blood samples compared with the serological tests and blood culture.

Material And Methods: In 2005, a total of 92 people were sampled from the towns of Anahuac and Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo Leon, where an outbreak of human cases had taken place in the same year as this study. The sera collected were analyzed by serological tests according to the NOM 022-SS2-1994.

[Prolonged exposure to antibiotics and the risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in neonates of 1,000-1,500 g: a cohort study].

Objective: To determine whether prolonged exposure to antibiotics (>5 days) increases the risk of late-onset sepsis (LOS) in newborns of 1,000-1,500 g.

Methods: A cohort study in newborns with suspected perinatal infection, with a survival greater than seven days. The exposed cohort was composed of newborns with antibiotic therapy initiated at first postnatal day, lasting >5 days, with negative blood cultures before the fifth day of life, and without clinical evidence of sepsis.

[Response to the treatment of brucellosis among children. Evaluation with Huddleson reaction and PCR].

Introduction: Brucellosis poses a significant public health problem and requires meticulous diagnosis; the outcome has frequent relapses even when the treatment is appropriate.

Objective: To evaluate the response to the treatment in children with brucellosis by means of Huddleson seroaglutination test and PCR.

Methods: Using a prospective design, a cohort of children with brucellosis was followed up by carrying out Huddleson seroaglutination test of and PCR for Brucella at 6, 12 and 24 weeks.

[Microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes].

Objective: To identify microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Material And Methods: A descriptive cross-section study was made in patients with type 2 diabetes with more than a year of evolution. Microalbuminuria was defined as the presence of 30 to 300 mg of albumin in urine of 24 hours.