Diagnostic Differentiation Between Two Rare Entities-Metastatic Peritoneal Mesothelioma With Duodenal Involvement and Duodenal Synovial Sarcoma: A Case Report.

This case report highlights the diagnostic challenges in distinguishing between metastatic peritoneal mesothelioma with duodenal involvement and synovial sarcoma of the duodenum, two rare and complex entities. A 59-year-old woman presented with nonspecific abdominal symptoms, and imaging revealed a heterogeneous lesion between the right hepatic lobe and duodenum. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biopsy and subsequent histopathological analysis initially suggested synovial sarcoma, but further examination, including a FISH assay, confirmed the diagnosis of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma.

ERG and PTEN Role on Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer in the Multiparametric MRI Era.

Background: Our study aimed to correlate ERG and PTEN expressions in prostate biopsy with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging PI-RADS score, clinical reclassification, and prognosis of very low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients under active surveillance (AS).

Methods: We evaluated 101 very low-risk PCa patients under AS between 2013 and 2018. They were followed with DRE, PSA, MRI, and re-biopsies every 1-2 years.

Prognostic significance of microsatellite instability in patients with resectable gastric cancer.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) gastric cancer (GC) generally has a better prognosis than microsatellite-stable (MSS) GC and has been associated with nonsurvival benefit with the addition of chemotherapy (CMT) compared with surgery alone. However, patients with MSI have distinct clinicopathological characteristics. This study aimed to compare the survival outcomes between patients with MSI GC and those with MSS GC.

Latin American Consensus on the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is well known as a serious health problem worldwide, especially in low-income countries or those with limited resources, such as most countries in Latin America. International guidelines cannot always be applied to a population from a large region with specific conditions. This study established a Latin American guideline for care of patients with head and neck cancer and presented evidence of HNSCC management considering availability and oncologic benefit.

Assessment of programmed death-ligand 1 expression in primary tumors and paired lymph node metastases of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy has demonstrated promising results on gastric cancer (GC). However, PD-L1 can express differently between metastatic sites and primary tumors (PT).

Aim: To compare PD-L1 status in PT and matched lymph node metastases (LNM) of GC patients and to determine the correlation between the PD-L1 status and clinicopathological characteristics.

Prognostic implications of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes within the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer.

Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) play a regulatory role in the tumor-associated immune response and are important in the prognosis and treatment response of several cancers. However, because of its heterogeneity, the prognostic value of TILs in gastric cancer (GC) is still controversial. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between the density of TILs and patients' outcomes in GC.

Utility of a Low-Cost 3-D Printed Microscope for Evaluating Esophageal Biopsies.

In this manuscript we assessed the utility of a low-cost 3D printed microscope to evaluate esophageal biopsies. We conducted a comparative analysis between the traditional microscope and our 3-D printed microscope, utilizing a set of esophageal biopsy samples obtained from patients undergoing screening endoscopy. Two pathologists independently examined 30 esophageal biopsies by light microscopy and digital images obtained using a low-cost 3D printed microscope (Observer 1 and 2).

Feasibility and Colonoscopy Yield Using the Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening in a Latin America Country.

Background & Aims: Organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is not widely practiced in Latin America and the results of regional studies may help overcome barriers for implementation of national screening programs. We aimed to describe the implementation and findings of a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based program in Brazil.

Methods: In a prospective population-based study, asymptomatic individuals (50-75 years old) from Sao Paulo city were invited to undergo FIT for CRC screening.

INTRAHEPATIC BILIARY PROLIFERATIONS: HISTOPATHOLOGY AND POTENTIAL IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL MARKERS.

•Intrahepatic biliary proliferations represent a spectrum varying from reactive to malignant entities. •Clinical and imaging patterns may be similar, requiring histopathological and immunohistochemistry for precise diagnosis. Intrahepatic biliary proliferations represent a spectrum from reactive (ductular reaction, some with atypical architecture), hamartomatous (von Meyenburg complex), benign (bile duct adenoma) and precursor/borderline entities (biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct) to fully malignant (cholangiocarcinoma) neoplasms.

INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY FOR GASTRIC CANCER WITH PERITONEAL CARCINOMATOSIS: STUDY PROTOCOL OF A PHASE II TRIAL.

Background: Peritoneal carcinomatosis in gastric cancer is considered a fatal disease, without expectation of definitive cure. As systemic chemotherapy is not sufficient to contain the disease, a multimodal approach associating intraperitoneal chemotherapy with surgery may represent an alternative for these cases.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of intraperitoneal chemotherapy in stage IV gastric cancer patients with peritoneal metastasis.

Incidental Node Metastasis as an Independent Factor of Worse Disease-Free Survival in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have high node metastasis rates. Occasionally after thyroidectomy, the pathological report reveals node metastasis unintentionally resected. The present study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of these patients.

Prognostic implications of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in association with programmed cell death ligand 1 expression in remnant gastric cancer.

Objective: Remnant gastric cancer (RGC) is usually associated with a worse prognosis. As they are less common and very heterogeneous tumors, new prognostic and reliable determinants are required to predict patients' clinical course for RGC. This study aimed to investigate the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) status as prognostic biomarkers in a cohort of patients with RGC to develop an immune-related score.

Association between Metabolic Disorders and Cholangiocarcinoma: Impact of a Postulated Risk Factor with Rising Incidence.

Introduction and objectives: The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has been increasing globally. Although a concomitant increase in the incidence of metabolic disorders might suggest a causal relationship, the data are scarce. We aimed to describe the prevalence of metabolic disorders in patients with CCA and report the clinical features and outcomes.

Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis Type 2 and Recurrence After Liver Transplantation: A Case Report.

Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 2 (PFIC2) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ABCB11 gene. Clinical manifestations include cholestasis with low γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), hepatosplenomegaly, and severe pruritus. Liver transplantation is required for individuals with progressive liver disease or failure of the bypass procedure and has been considered curative.

Searching for SARS-CoV-2 in Cancer Tissues: Results of an Extensive Methodologic Approach based on ACE2 and Furin Expression.

SARS-CoV-2 pandemics have been massively characterized on a global scale by the rapid generation of in-depth genomic information. The main entry gate of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor. The expression of this protein has been reported in several human tissues, suggesting a correlation between SARS-CoV-2 organotropism and ACE2 distribution.

Evaluation of the 18F-FDG-PET/CT uptake association with pathological and immunohistochemistry features in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: The present study aimed to analyze the association between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and histologic panel in esophagogastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 26 patients with histologically confirmed esophageal, gastroesophageal junction and gastric adenocarcinoma that have been submitted to pretreatment FDG-PET/CT. We collected the cancer tissue sample of each patient and performed immunohistochemical analyses of the glucose transport protein 1 (GLUT-1), Ki-67, cysteine aspartate-specific proteinases (Caspase)-3 and hexokinase-1, and evaluated the association of these parameters with FDG uptake.

Prognostic Impact of Pathology, Cytoreduction, and Tumor Markers in Pseudomyxoma Peritonei.

Introduction: The pathologic classification of pseudomyxoma peritonei is controversial. This study aimed to standardize the histopathological evaluation of pseudomyxoma peritonei and identify the clinicopathological factors associated with survival.

Methods: A pathologic review was performed to systematize the pathology report and verify the relationship between clinical features and survival.

GASTRIC CANCER WITH POSITIVE EXPRESSION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ALPHA: A CASE SERIES FROM A SINGLE WESTERN CENTER.

Aim: Despite advances in therapies, the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer (GC) remains poor. Several studies have demonstrated the expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERa); however, its significance in GC remains controversial. The present study aims to report a case series of GC with ERa-positive expression and describe their clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.

RhoA, Claudin 18, and c-MET in Gastric Cancer: Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognostic Significance in Curative Resected Patients.

Recently, markers related to molecular classification were suggested as promising therapeutic targets for treatment and prediction of prognosis in gastric cancer (GC), including c-MET, RhoA, and Claudin-18 (CLDN18). This study aimed to investigate their expression in GC and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics and survival. We retrospectively evaluated GC patients who underwent curative gastrectomy.

Gastric cancer molecular classification based on immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization: Analysis in western patients after curative-intent surgery.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, and the identification of molecular subtyping of gastric adenocarcinoma emerged as a promising option to define therapeutic strategies and prognostic subgroups. However, the costs and technical complexity of molecular methodologies remains an obstacle to its adoption, and their clinical significance by other approaches needs further evidence.

Aim: To evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics and long-term survival of GC based on the subgroups of molecular classification by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH).

Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 in gastric cancer: Prognosis and association with PD-L1 expression.

Background: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) is one of the most studied immune checkpoint in gastric cancer (GC). However, the prognostic role of CTLA-4 expression in GC is poorly described. This study aimed to evaluate CTLA-4 expression in GC and its impact on survival, including patients treated with standard platinum-based chemotherapy (CMT), and association with PD-L1 expression.

The impact of hepatitis E infection on hepatic fibrosis in liver transplanted patients for hepatitis C infection.

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is an infection known worldwide for its asymptomatic and self-limited course in most cases. Some cases progressing to chronicity have been described in immunosuppressed patients, especially in recipients of solid organ transplants. We evaluated laboratory parameters of HEV infection (HEV RNA, anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG) through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa), confirmed by immunoblotting, in a cohort of 294 patients who received liver transplants at the HCFMUSP (Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo).

Implication of the New AJCC pT Classification of SCC of the Lip Comparing With Other Oral Subsites.

Objective: To determine the implication of the new AJCC staging system for pT classification in a cohort of patients with SCC of the lip mucosa and compare it to other oral cavity sites.

Methods: Retrospective cohort of 744 patients treated between 2002 and 2017, by the Head and Neck Surgery Department of the University of Sao Paulo.

Results: Of 95 lip patients, 42 had pT upstage (58.

Expression profiles of gastric cancer molecular subtypes in remnant tumors.

Background: Remnant gastric cancer (RGC) is a carcinoma arising in the stomach remnant after previous gastric resection. It is frequently reported as a tumor with a poor prognosis and distinct biological features from primary gastric cancer (PGC). However, as it is less frequent, its profile regarding the current molecular classifications of gastric cancer has not been evaluated.