Publications by authors named "Evan Yi-Wen Yu"
Article Synopsis
- * This study analyzed tissue samples to identify gene modules associated with the progression from normal cervix to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and ultimately CC, using advanced techniques like transcriptome sequencing and machine learning models.
- * Findings revealed CARMN as a significant gene in CC, showing that reduced CARMN expression affects key cellular pathways, leading to an increased risk of CC, with specific genetic variants also linked to this risk.
Background: Observational studies suggests that diets and medications affect bladder cancer (BC) development, which are subject to confounding and difficult to make causal inference. Here we aimed to investigate whether those observational associations are causal and determining the potential directions and pathways.
Methods: We used 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess associations of dietary intakes, medication uses and molecules with BC risk.
A meta-analysis published in 2018 indicated a significant association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of urologic cancers (UC). The number of included studies was limited, and more research has been published on this topic since then. The current study aimed to find a more precise estimate of the association between dietary inflammatory potential and risk of UC by updating the previous meta-analysis.
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- The study examined genetic interactions influencing bladder cancer (BC) risk using data from the UK Biobank, including over 4,000 Caucasian and non-Caucasian participants.
- Researchers employed a machine learning approach to explore SNP-SNP interactions, identifying 10 significant pairs of SNPs related to BC risk, with some showing both positive and negative associations.
- An integrated interaction-empowered polygenic risk score (iPRS) was developed, demonstrating a higher predictive capability for identifying high-risk individuals compared to traditional polygenic risk scores.
Developing dye-based isothermal nucleic acid amplification (INAA) at low temperatures such as 37 °C remains a technical challenge. Here, we describe a nested phosphorothioated (PS) hybrid primer-mediated isothermal amplification (NPSA) assay which only utilizes EvaGreen (a DNA-binding dye) to achieve specific and dye-based subattomolar nucleic acid detection at 37 °C. The success of low-temperature NPSA essentially depends on employing DNA polymerase, a strand-displacing DNA polymerase with wide range of activation temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) helps understand the underlying mechanisms of diseases and discover promising targets for pharmacological intervention. For most important class of drug targets, genetic evidence needs to be generalizable to diverse populations. Given that the majority of the previous studies were conducted in European ancestry populations, little is known about the protein-associated genetic variants in East Asians.
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- * Researchers isolated urinary EVs using magnetic beads and identified 18 proteins that differ in prostate cancer patients compared to controls, highlighting three proteins—SERPINA3, LRG1, and SCGB3A1—that are consistently upregulated.
- * The findings suggest these EV proteins could serve as molecular markers for better clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer, offering insights into related metabolic and immune pathways, and enhancing predictive capabilities alongside traditional factors like age and PSA levels.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how dietary patterns influence glucose metabolism and explores the role of metabolites in this relationship, focusing on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.
- Data was collected from The Maastricht Study involving 3441 participants, and both short-term and long-term effects were analyzed through various dietary patterns and their related metabolites.
- Results indicated that certain metabolites, particularly APOA1 and DHA, were consistently associated with improved glucose metabolism, suggesting that a healthy diet could potentially mitigate diabetes risk through metabolic pathways.
Background: The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) is increasing over years, which brings enormous economy and health burden. However, the aetiologies of AP and underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the associations between all reported possible risk factors and AP using publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the association of polygenic risk score (PRS) and bladder cancer (BC) risk and whether this PRS can be offset by a healthy lifestyle.
Methods: Individuals with BC (n = 563) and non-BC controls (n = 483 957) were identified in the UK Biobank, and adjusted Cox regression models were used. A PRS was constructed based on 34 genetic variants associated with BC development, while a healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was constructed based on three lifestyle factors (i.
Objectives: The molecular landscape of non-muscle-invasive (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive (MIBC) bladder cancer based on molecular characteristics is essential but poorly understood. In this pilot study we aimed to identify a multi-omics signature that can distinguish MIBC from NMIBC. Such a signature can assist in finding potential mechanistic biomarkers and druggable targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Although observational studies have shown positive associations between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), the causal relationship is still uncertain owing to the susceptibility to confounding and reverse causation. This study aimed to examine the potential causality of BMI on AF by conducting a two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) study.
Methods: The independent genetic variants associated with BMI ( = 303) at the genome-wide significant level were derived as instrumental variables (IV) from the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) consortium consisting of 681,275 individuals of European ancestry.
This review aims to investigate the association of sex with the risk of multiple COVID-19 health outcomes, ranging from infection to death. Pubmed and Embase were searched through September 2020. We considered studies reporting sex and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.
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- Drinking more tea might help lower the chance of getting bladder cancer, especially in men and people who smoke.
- The study looked at data from almost 533,000 people to see how much tea they drank and their risk of bladder cancer.
- More tea drinkers had a lower risk of bladder cancer compared to people who didn't drink tea, but the effects could be different for men, women, and smokers.
Unlabelled: Although evidence suggests that a positive family history of bladder cancer in first-degree relatives is an important risk factor for bladder cancer occurrence, results remain unclear. The influence of family history of nonbladder cancers and more distant relatives on bladder cancer risk is inconsistent. This research, therefore, aims to increase the understanding of the association between family history and bladder cancer risk based on worldwide case-control studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although a potential inverse association between vegetable intake and bladder cancer risk has been reported, epidemiological evidence is inconsistent. This research aimed to elucidate the association between vegetable intake and bladder cancer risk by conducting a pooled analysis of data from prospective cohort studies.
Methods: Vegetable intake in relation to bladder cancer risk was examined by pooling individual-level data from 13 cohort studies, comprising 3203 cases among a total of 555,685 participants.
Background: Inconsistent associations between milk and other dairy product consumption and bladder cancer (BC) have been reported. We aimed to investigate possible associations with BC risk for total and individual dairy products by bringing together the world's data on this topic.
Methods: Thirteen cohort studies, included in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) study, provided data for 3590 BC cases and 593,637 non-cases.
Background: Inconsistent results for coffee consumption and bladder cancer (BC) risk have been shown in epidemiological studies. This research aims to increase the understanding of the association between coffee consumption and BC risk by bringing together worldwide case-control studies on this topic.
Methods: Data were collected from 13 case-control comprising of 5,911 cases and 16,172 controls.
Objectives: To quantify the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients with bladder cancer around the time of diagnosis and to test the hypotheses of a two-factor model for the HRQoL questionnaire QLQ-C30.
Methods: From participants in the Bladder Cancer Prognoses Programme, a multicentre cohort study, sociodemographic data were collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Answers to the QLQ-C30 were transformed into a scale from 0 to 100.