Chronic Steroid Use Does Not Increase the Risk of Superficial Surgical Site Infection or Wound Dehiscence Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty.

Introduction Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is an effective treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis. Recent surgical and technological advances have led to a significant increase in the surgical volume of TAA. While a majority of ankle arthritis is post-traumatic in nature, other causes include autoimmune or inflammatory conditions.

Lower Airway Dysbiosis Affects Lung Cancer Progression.

In lung cancer, enrichment of the lower airway microbiota with oral commensals commonly occurs, and models support that some of these bacteria can trigger host transcriptomic signatures associated with carcinogenesis. Here, we show that this lower airway dysbiotic signature was more prevalent in the stage IIIB-IV tumor-node-metastasis lung cancer group and is associated with poor prognosis, as shown by decreased survival among subjects with early-stage disease (I-IIIA) and worse tumor progression as measured by RECIST scores among subjects with stage IIIB-IV disease. In addition, this lower airway microbiota signature was associated with upregulation of the IL17, PI3K, MAPK, and ERK pathways in airway transcriptome, and we identified as the most abundant taxon driving this association.

Episodic Aspiration with Oral Commensals Induces a MyD88-dependent, Pulmonary T-Helper Cell Type 17 Response that Mitigates Susceptibility to .

Cross-sectional human data suggest that enrichment of oral anaerobic bacteria in the lung is associated with an increased T-helper cell type 17 (Th17) inflammatory phenotype. In this study, we evaluated the microbial and host immune-response dynamics after aspiration with oral commensals using a preclinical mouse model. Aspiration with a mixture of human oral commensals (MOC; , , and ) was modeled in mice followed by variable time of killing.

Airway Microbiota Is Associated with Upregulation of the PI3K Pathway in Lung Cancer.

Rationale: In lung cancer, upregulation of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathway is an early event that contributes to cell proliferation, survival, and tissue invasion. Upregulation of this pathway was recently described as associated with enrichment of the lower airways with bacteria identified as oral commensals.

Objectives: We hypothesize that host-microbe interactions in the lower airways of subjects with lung cancer affect known cancer pathways.