Publications by authors named "Evan M Hill"

Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) audiogram from 16 Hz to 8 kHz.

J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol

September 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine if the Japanese quail, a domesticated, gallinaceous bird, could detect infrasound. Behavioral thresholds were determined for three birds, two males and one female, ranging from 16 Hz to 8 kHz. The animals' hearing range, at a cutoff of 60 dB SPL (re 20 μN/m), covers 6.

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  • An estimated 70-90% of cancers are linked to environmental risk factors, and the number of stem cells in a tissue can indicate the risk of developing cancer.
  • Tumors acquire stem cell-like characteristics and are supported by a specific population of stem cells, which suggests a strong connection between stem cell biology and cancer progression.
  • The review discusses how environmental exposures influence stem cell function and cancer risk, emphasizing the need for further research on how complex exposure mixtures may contribute to disparities in cancer outcomes.
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  • Chronic low-grade inflammation in fat tissue is linked to a higher risk of breast cancer, potentially due to changes in fat cell signals (adipokines) and inflammation-triggering immune cells (macrophages).
  • In a study, rats were fed either a Western diet or a fish oil diet, revealing that the fish oil diet led to a healthier balance of fatty acids and a shift towards anti-inflammatory fat signals.
  • The conditioned media from fish oil-fed rats showed a significantly lower ability to promote stem cell self-renewal compared to that from rats on a Western diet, suggesting that dietary changes could impact how fat tissues interact with breast stem cells.
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Presented is a lab exercise designed to augment an upper-level undergraduate class covering the topics of psychopharmacology, biopsychology, physiological psychology, or introductory neuroscience. The exercise was developed as a tool to allow students to investigate behavioral correlates of oral psychomotor stimulant ingestion and observe firsthand the benefits and challenges of using animal models to study behavior. The purpose of the exercise was to observe the unconditioned, natural behaviors of laboratory rats prior to, and following, the oral administration of commonly used, over-the-counter psychomotor stimulants, and for students to experience the process of neuroscience research.

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Audiogram of the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) from 16 Hz to 9 kHz.

J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol

November 2017

The pure-tone thresholds of three mallard ducks were determined from 16 Hz to 9 kHz. The purpose was to determine whether the mallard duck hears infrasound, which then may potentially be used for navigation, similar to how it is proposed that pigeons use it for homing. At a level of 60 dB sound pressure level (re 20 μN/m), their hearing range extends 6.

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The pure-tone thresholds of four domestic female chickens were determined from 2 Hz to 9 kHz using the method of conditioned suppression/avoidance. At a level of 60 dB sound pressure level (re 20 μN/m(2)), their hearing range extends from 9.1 Hz to 7.

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Although the domestic pigeon is commonly used in learning experiments, it is a notoriously difficult subject in auditory psychophysical experiments, even those in which it need only respond when it detects a sound. This is because pigeons tend to respond in the absence of sound-that is, they have a high false-positive rate-which makes it difficult to determine a pigeon's audiogram. However, false positives are easily controlled in the method of conditioned suppression/avoidance, in which a pigeon is trained to peck a key to obtain food and to stop pecking whenever it detects a sound that signals impending electric shock.

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