Sexual Identity Continuity and Change in a U.S. National Probability Sample of Sexual Minority Adults: Associations With Mental Health and Problematic Substance Use.

Objective: Sexual minority disparities in behavioral health (e.g., mental health and substance use) are well-established.

Importance of Various E-Cigarette Device and E-Liquid Characteristics by Smoking Status among Young Adults Who Vape.

Background: E-cigarette product characteristics are known to influence appeal among young adults. Understanding which characteristics appeal to individuals with (vs. without) a history of combusted tobacco use is essential for developing effective tobacco control policies.

Examining Factors Associated with Cannabis Use Among Sexual and Gender Minority and Cisgender Heterosexual Emerging Adults in California.

We explored correlates of cannabis risk and examined differences between sexual and gender minority (SGM) and cisgender heterosexual emerging adults (ages 18-29) in California. We recruited 1491 participants aged 18-29 years for a cross-sectional online survey. Ordinal logistic regressions assessed associations between minority stress (discrimination and internalized homophobia [IH]), social support (perceived social support and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer+ [LGBTQ+] community connectedness), and cannabis risk scores (low, medium, and high risk of developing problems related to their cannabis use).

Sexual orientation in transgender adults in the United States.

Background: Sexual orientation refers to a person's enduring emotional, romantic, or sexual attractions to other people. Sexual orientation measures do not typically consider desires for, or sexual behavior with, transgender people. We describe measures inclusive of transgender people and characterize sexual orientation identity, behavior, and attraction in a representative sample of the U.

Sexual Identity Fluidity and Depressive Symptoms: Findings From a National Longitudinal Study of Sexual Minority Adolescents.

Purpose: Sexual minority adolescents (SMAs) consistently report elevated risk of mental health symptoms, including depression. Sexual identities may change over time (referred as sexual identity fluidity), particularly during adolescence. This study examined the effect of sexual identity fluidity on depressive symptoms over time.

Sexual and Gender Identity Disparities in Nicotine and Tobacco Use Susceptibility and Prevalence: Disaggregating Emerging Identities Among Adolescents From California, USA.

Introduction: Prior studies report nicotine/tobacco use disparities for sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth but have insufficiently characterized SGM identity diversity.

Aims And Methods: Adolescents (mean age = 15.2) from 11 high schools in Southern California completed surveys in Fall 2021.

Chronic subdural hematoma drainage using anti-thrombotic catheter technique.

Background: Burr hole evacuation is a well-established treatment for symptomatic cases with chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). Routinely postoperative catheter is left in the subdural space to drain the residual blood. Drainage obstruction is commonly seen, and it can be related to suboptimal treatment.

Partnership Status and Mental Health in a Nationally Representative Sample of Sexual Minorities.

Research has consistently shown mental health differences between sexual minority subgroups with bisexual people often reporting higher levels of psychological distress than lesbians and gay men. Relationship status has been suggested, but not well studied, as a potential factor contributing to subgroup differences in mental health. Using a national probability sample of non-transgender sexual minority adults across 3 age cohorts (18-25, 34-41, 52-59 years), we assessed group differences in psychological distress (Kessler 6) between lesbian/gay (N = 505), bisexual (N = 272), and queer/pansexual (N=75) respondents.

Prevalence of Nicotine and Tobacco Product Use by Sexual Identity, Gender Identity, and Sex Assigned at Birth Among Emerging Adult Tobacco Users in California, United States.

Introduction: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) nicotine and tobacco use disparities are well-documented among youth and young adults (YYA), and despite decades of prevention efforts, these disparities stubbornly persist. To better understand tobacco use disparities and craft tailored interventions, tobacco use patterns must be assessed in a contemporary sample of YYA across lines of sexual and gender identity, sex assigned at birth, and tobacco product types.

Aims And Methods: Data were from an online survey of a diverse sample of emerging adult tobacco users (ages 18-29; N = 1491) in California, United States (2020-2021).

Associations of alternative cannabis product use and poly-use with subsequent illicit drug use initiation during adolescence.

Rationale: Specific cannabis products may differentially increase risk of initiating non-cannabis illicit drug use during adolescence.

Objective: To determine whether ever- and poly-use of smoked, vaporized, edible, concentrate, or blunt cannabis products are associated with subsequent initiation of non-cannabis illicit drug use.

Methods: High school students from Los Angeles completed in-classroom surveys.

Sexual identity fluidity, identity management stress, and depression among sexual minority adolescents.

Introduction: Sexual identity is mutable and evolving, particularly during adolescence. Sexual identity fluidity could be stressful for some adolescents and may differ by birth-sex. Evidence suggests chronic stress can lead to negative mental health outcomes.

Neurologic Outcomes for Octogenarians Undergoing Emergent Surgery for Traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma.

Background: Determining the appropriate surgical indications for obtunded octogenarians with traumatic acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) has been challenging. We sought to determine which easily available data would be useful adjuncts to assist in early and quick decision-making.

Methods: We performed a single-center, retrospective review of patients aged ≥80 years with confirmed traumatic aSDH who had undergone emergent surgery.

Changes in sexual identity and substance use during young adulthood.

Background: Sexual identity is dynamic, and changes in identity (e.g., from heterosexual to lesbian, gay, bisexual, or queer [LGBQ+]) are common during young adulthood.

Elective Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Background Elective endovascular treatment (EVT) of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) is a commonly used treatment modality. However, the appropriate post-procedure management is not well-defined. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective review of all adults undergoing EVT of UIA performed between January 1, 2010, and March 31, 2020.

Simple Wound Closure for Civilian Cranial Gunshot Wounds: A Systematic Literature Review.

Civilian cranial gunshot wounds are common injuries associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Simple wound closure has been previously proposed as an alternative treatment option for a small subset of patients, but the exact outcomes of this strategy are not well-defined. The objective of this paper was to describe the scientific literature reporting simple wound closure of civilian cranial gunshot wounds, its effect on short-term and long-term neurologic outcomes, and rates of seizures and infections.

Change in distress about police brutality and substance use among young people, 2017-2020.

Background: It is unknown whether increasing attention to police brutality is a source of stress associated with substance use risk among young people.

Methods: A longitudinal racially/ethnically diverse cohort from Los Angeles, California (n = 1797) completed baseline (2017; mean age: 17.9) and follow-up (2020; mean age: 21.

Longitudinal trajectories of prescription opioid misuse in adolescents.

Background: Adolescent misuse of prescription opioids is hazardous. This study aimed to generate data on prescription opioid misuse trajectories across adolescence and identify risk factors and mechanisms for more dangerous use trajectories.

Methods: Using a prospective longitudinal cohort repeated measures design, baseline (Fall 2013) and seven semiannual assessments were administered through Spring 2017 in 10 public high schools in Los Angeles, CA.

Burr Hole Hematoma Evacuation of Large Subdural Component Using Recombinant Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator and a Novel Catheter: Case Report.

The large acute component in a chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) typically requires a craniotomy. Open surgery can be associated with increased morbidity and is not always possible due to systemic conditions. We present the case of a 58-year-old patient who presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of three fixed pupils, but remaining brainstem reflexes were present.

Sociodemographic differences in young adults' recall of tobacco and cannabis marketing online and in television/film.

Young adults (YA) who report viewing pro-tobacco and cannabis marketing are at increased risk for using tobacco and cannabis. However, there is a growing diversity of tobacco and cannabis products on the market, as well as methods for marketing them. Prevalence of, and sociodemographic differences in, YA's recall of various types of tobacco and cannabis marketing is not well-characterized.

Current Trends in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

In this review, we provide an overview of the current research and treatment of all types of traumatic brain injury (TBI) before illustrating the need for improved care specific to mild TBI patients. Contemporary issues pertaining to acute care of mild TBI including prognostication, neurosurgical intervention, repeat radiographic imaging, reversal of antiplatelet and anticoagulation medications, and cost savings initiatives are reviewed. Lastly, the effect of COVID-19 on TBI is addressed.

Adolescents' Concerns About School Violence or Shootings and Association With Depressive, Anxiety, and Panic Symptoms.

Importance: The prevalence of internalizing problems among US adolescents has risen in the past decade. The extent to which concerns about school violence or shootings are associated with risk of internalizing problems is unknown.

Objective: To examine the prospective association of concern, worry, and stress related to school violence or shootings with internalizing problems and to examine sex and racial and ethnic differences in the magnitude of the associations.

Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage After Evacuation of Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Background: Intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), possibly due to reperfusion, after evacuation of a cranial chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a known phenomenon. However, it is sparingly reported and not well understood.

Methods: An illustrative case series is presented.

Sexual and Gender Minority Young Adult Coping Disparities During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated several existing health disparities in the U.S. Sexual and gender minority (SGM) health disparities may also be widening during the pandemic, though few studies have assessed this question.

Mental Health Among Black and Latinx Sexual Minority Adults Leading Up to and Following the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election: Results from a Natural Experiment.

Multi-level hostility toward sexual minority (SM; includes, but is not limited to those identifying as gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer, or same-gender loving) and other minority populations (e.g., racial/ethnic) increased after the 2016 U.