Myer-Cotton Grade of Subglottic Stenosis Depends on Style of Endotracheal Tube Used.

Objectives: Determine percentage of subglottic stenosis using current endotracheal tube (ETT) cross-sectional areas as actual, compared with previously published ETT cross-sectional areas as expected, and determine if style of ETT could result in a change in percentage of stenosis or Myer-Cotton grade.

Study Type: Cross-sectional study.

Design: Prospective analysis.

A national study of choanal atresia in tertiary care centers in Canada - part II: clinical management.

Background: To evaluate the clinical management of choanal atresia (CA) in tertiary centers across Canada.

Methods: Multi-centre case series involving six tertiary care pediatric hospitals across Canada. Retrospective chart review of patients born between 1980 and 2010 diagnosed with choanal atresia to a participating center.

A national study of choanal atresia in tertiary care centers in Canada - part I: clinical presentation.

Background: To evaluate the clinical presentation of choanal atresia (CA) in tertiary centers across Canada.

Methods: Multi-centre case series involving six tertiary care pediatric hospitals across Canada. Retrospective chart review of patients born between 1980 and 2010 diagnosed with CA at a participating center.

Effect of a health system payment and quality improvement programme for tonsillectomy in Ontario, Canada: an interrupted time series analysis.

Background: Tonsillectomy is among the most common and cumulatively expensive surgical procedures in children, with known variations in quality of care. However, evidence on health system interventions to improve quality of care is limited. The Quality-Based Procedures (QBP) programme in Ontario, Canada, introduced fixed episode hospital payment per tonsillectomy and disseminated a perioperative care pathway.

Length of the Cricoid and Trachea in Children: Predicting Intubation Depth to Prevent Subglottic Stenosis.

Objective: Define the length of the subglottis and trachea in children to predict a safe intubation depth.

Methods: Patients <18 years undergoing rigid bronchoscopy from 2013 to 2020 were included. The carina and inferior borders of the cricoid and true vocal folds were marked on a bronchoscope and distances were measured.

Patterns and Predictors of Metastatic Spread to the Neck in Pediatric Thyroid Carcinoma.

Objective: Evaluate patterns and predictors of spread to the neck in pediatric metastatic differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC).

Methods: Patients <18 years old undergoing thyroidectomy by a single surgeon from January 2015 to December 2019 were included. Neck sublevels were removed separately according to AJCC boundaries.

Recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring with surface electrodes in pediatric thyroid surgery.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate 1) use of endotracheal tube (ETT) surface electrodes for recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) monitoring in thyroid surgery in children, and 2) effects of thyroid surgery on the RLN in children.

Methods: Patients <18 years old undergoing thyroidectomy were included. Vocal cord mobility was assessed pre- and postoperatively.

Lateral graft type 1 tympanoplasty using AlloDerm for tympanic membrane reconstruction in children.

Objectives: To describe the lateral graft type 1 tympanoplasty technique using AlloDerm for tympanic membrane reconstruction in children and to compare its surgical and audiometric outcomes with the traditional underlay type 1 tympanoplasty.

Methods: The records of 34 consecutive children undergoing type 1 tympanoplasty between 2004 and 2005 were reviewed; 18 received lateral graft tympanoplasty with AlloDerm and 16 received underlay tympanoplasty (8 AlloDerm and 8 temporalis fascia). Pre- and post-surgical audiograms, speech reception threshold, closure rate and complication rate were evaluated using one-way and repeated measures ANOVAs.

Auditory responses in cochlear implant users with and without GJB2 deafness.

Objective/hypothesis: It is reasonable to suppose that the pattern of sensorineural damage along the length of the cochlea depends on the etiology of a hearing loss (HL). In GJB2-related deafness, we hypothesize that gap junction deficits are uniformly distributed and will result in similar damage along the length of the cochlea as compared with non-GJB2 subjects. We assessed this by measuring patterns of neural activity and hearing from apical versus basal cochlear implant electrode regions.

Ethnicity and mutations in GJB2 (connexin 26) and GJB6 (connexin 30) in a multi-cultural Canadian paediatric Cochlear Implant Program.

Objective: To determine the relationship between ethnicity and mutations in the GJB2 and GJB6 genes in multi-cultural patients enrolled in a Canadian paediatric Cochlear Implant Program.

Methods: Blood was analyzed from 65 paediatric cochlear implant users by direct sequencing of the coding region and intron/exon boundaries of the GBJ2 gene. Individuals heterozygous for one mutation in GJB2 or in whom mutations in GJB2 were not detected were analyzed for the common 342 kb deletion mutation D13S1830 in the GJB6 gene.