Declining Medicare reimbursement in spinal imaging: a 15-year review.

Objective: To analyze and quantify the change in United States of America Medicare reimbursement rates for the 30 most commonly performed spinal imaging procedures.

Materials And Methods: The Physician Fee Schedule Look-Up Tool from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services was utilized to find and extract the 28 most billed spinal imaging procedures. All data was adjusted for inflation and listed in 2020 US dollars.

Social Media and Digital Footprints in Orthopaedic Trauma: An Analysis of 1465 Orthopaedic Trauma Association Members.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to quantify social media usage among Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) members.

Methods: All active OTA members were searched for involvement among common social media platforms. Surgeons were then classified as "active" on any given social media site if they posted within the past 6 months.

What Makes a 5-Star Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Surgeon? An Analysis of Positive Online Patient Reviews.

Background: The increased focus on patient satisfaction has led to growth in the use of physician rating websites.

Purpose: To analyze the factors associated with online 5-star patient reviews for orthopaedic sports medicine surgeons.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Charting Trends in Medicare Reimbursement for Lower Extremity Imaging.

Background: Medicare reimbursement is rapidly declining in many specialties. An in-depth analysis of Medicare reimbursement for routinely performed diagnostic imaging procedures in the United States is warranted.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to evaluate Medicare reimbursement trends for the 20 most common lower extremity imaging procedures performed between 2005 and 2020, including radiographs, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Characterizing Single-star Negative Online Reviews of Orthopaedic Trauma Association Members.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to characterize factors that contribute to 1-star negative reviews regarding orthopaedic trauma surgeons.

Methods: A search was done for Orthopaedic Trauma Association members on Yelp.com , Healthgrade.

Analysis of Negative Reviews of Orthopedic Oncology Surgeons: An Investigation of Reviews from Healthgrades, Vitals, and Google.

Background: Physician review websites (PRWs) are increasing in usage and popularity. Our purpose is to characterize one-star reviews of orthopedic oncology surgeons to understand factors in healthcare that contribute to patient satisfaction.

Methods: Orthopedic oncology surgeons were randomly selected from the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society.

Medicare Payment for Orthopaedic Oncology Procedures Over the Past 20 Years.

Background: Medicare payment has been examined in a variety of medical and surgical specialties. This study examines Medicare payment in the subspecialty of orthopaedic oncology.

Methods: The Physician Fee Schedule Look-up Tool was used to obtain payment information from 2000 to 2020 for procedures related to orthopaedic oncology billed to Medicare.

Expansion of the Foramen Ovale in Patients With Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak or Encephalocele.

Objective: Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are associated with elevated intracranial pressure and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Skull base erosion and widening of the foramen ovale have been reported in patients with IIH. This study sought to investigate changes in the size of the foramen ovale and foramen spinosum in patients with IIH, spontaneous CSF leak, and encephalocele.

Characterizing Negative Online Reviews of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeons.

Background: The growing focus on subjective patient experiences has created an increase in popularity for physician rating websites. The purpose of this study was to characterize extremely negative reviews of pediatric orthopaedic surgeons.

Methods: Pediatric orthopaedic surgeons were randomly selected using the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America comprehensive list of surgeons.

Inflation-Adjusted Medicare Reimbursement Has Decreased for Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Procedures: Analysis From 2000 to 2020.

Background: Decreases in Medicare reimbursement have been noted among many medical specialties. An in-depth analysis of the subspecialty of orthopaedic sports medicine is needed to determine changes in Medicare reimbursement in this field.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to elucidate the trends in inflation-adjusted Medicare reimbursement for orthopaedic sports medicine procedures between 2000 and 2020.

Lower Back Injuries in NCAA Female Volleyball Athletes: A 5-Year Epidemiologic Characterization.

Background: Although lower back injuries (LBIs) are common among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) female volleyball athletes, their incidence and etiology has not been well-defined.

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of LBIs in collegiate female volleyball athletes over a 5-year period from the academic years 2009 to 2010 and 2013 to 2014.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

The Nurr1 Ligand,1,1-bis(3'-Indolyl)-1-(-Chlorophenyl)Methane, Modulates Glial Reactivity and Is Neuroprotective in MPTP-Induced Parkinsonism.

The orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 (also called nuclear receptor-4A2) regulates inflammatory gene expression in glial cells, as well as genes associated with homeostatic and trophic function in dopaminergic neurons. Despite these known functions of Nurr1, an endogenous ligand has not been discovered. We postulated that the activation of Nurr1 would suppress the activation of glia and thereby protect against loss of dopamine (DA) neurons after subacute lesioning with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).

Cellular selectivity of AAV serotypes for gene delivery in neurons and astrocytes by neonatal intracerebroventricular injection.

The non-pathogenic parvovirus, adeno-associated virus (AAV), is an efficient vector for transgene expression in vivo and shows promise for treatment of brain disorders in clinical trials. Currently, there are more than 100 AAV serotypes identified that differ in the binding capacity of capsid proteins to specific cell surface receptors that can transduce different cell types and brain regions in the CNS. In the current study, multiple AAV serotypes expressing a GFP reporter (AAV1, AAV2/1, AAVDJ, AAV8, AAVDJ8, AAV9, AAVDJ9) were screened for their infectivity in both primary murine astrocyte and neuronal cell cultures.