Are inhaled mRNA vaccines safe and effective? A review of preclinical studies.

Introduction: Injected mRNA vaccines have been proven effective and safe in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Using the machinery of the cell, mRNA vaccines translate into an antigen, which triggers an adaptive immune response. The effectiveness of intramuscular administered mRNA vaccines wanes in the months post-vaccination, which makes frequent booster administrations necessary.

Global burden of medication non-adherence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma: a narrative review of the clinical and economic case for smart inhalers.

Medication non-adherence to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease therapy poses a significant burden for patients and societies. Non-adherence encompasses poor initiation, implementation (including poor inhalation technique) and non-persistence. Globally, non-adherence is associated with poor clinical outcomes, reduced quality of life and high healthcare and societal costs.