Breastfeeding patterns in one-year-old children was not affected by a breastfeeding support intervention.

Background: Breastfeeding patterns in 12-month-old children play a central role in the mother-infant dyad, but studies describing the patterns are scarce.

Aim: To investigate breastfeeding patterns in 12-month-old infants before and after a breastfeeding support programme.

Study Design: A baseline/intervention design as part of a larger implementation project aiming to revive the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding programme.

Partners' experiences of breastfeeding: a qualitative evaluation of a breastfeeding support intervention in Sweden.

Background: The World Health Organization states that women and their families need breastfeeding support from the healthcare system. However, knowledge about the most effective way to involve the partner in breastfeeding is lacking. A qualitative evaluation can provide insight and knowledge about the partner's experiences towards a breastfeeding support intervention and thus contribute to how forthcoming breastfeeding support policies are designed.

Instrument development and an intervention to increase parents' self-efficacy regarding their infant's sleep.

Objective: Many Swedish parents experience that their infant has sleeping problems. Parents' self-efficacy regarding their infants' sleep may play an important role in how they perceive these problems. This pilot study aimed to develop an instrument measuring parents' self-efficacy regarding their infant's sleep and to examine if parents' self-efficacy was affected by an intervention focusing on parental education.

A Qualitative Study of Parents' Experiences of Bonding in End-of-Life Care in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

Aim: To examine the parent's experiences of bonding in the care of newborns who were seriously ill during the neonatal period and did not survive.

Design: Data were collected through 7 interviews with 10 parents whose infants were cared for and died in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods: The interviews were pilot processed using inductive content analysis and then processed again using deductive content analysis with the attachment theory applied as a theoretical frame.

Children's interaction with a dog when having Animal Assisted Activity in paediatric hospital care.

The aim of the study was to investigate the interaction process between child and dog and how it possibly affects children's wellbeing during Animal Assisted Activity. Children have reported negative feelings such as fear and anxiety when being cared for in hospital and various kinds of complementary treatment can alleviate this. Different complementary treatments, including interaction with a dog, can create positive emotions and the treatment has been reported to have both physiological and psychological beneficial effects.

Breastfeeding training improved healthcare professional's self-efficacy to provide evidence-based breastfeeding support: A pre-post intervention study.

Objective: To describe healthcare professional's (HCP's) perceived self-efficacy in their ability to provide breastfeeding support before and after a breastfeeding training program.

Design: Pre-post intervention study.

Setting: Antenatal care and child healthcare (CHC) centres in Sweden during 2020.

Non-medical formula use in newborn infants still common at two Swedish hospitals after a breastfeeding support program.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a breastfeeding support programme on reducing infant formula use and to investigate indications for formula in newborn infants in Sweden.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study design was carried out. It included 255 mother-infant pairs in a control group, who received standard care and 254 pairs in an intervention group, who took part in a breastfeeding support programme.

The association between early introduction of tiny tastings of solid foods and duration of breastfeeding.

Background: Conflicting advice and non-evidence-based recommendations have a negative effect on breastfeeding. Since 2011, the National Food Agency in Sweden has informed parents that they can introduce tiny tastings (1 mL of solid food, i.e.

Self-efficacy in breastfeeding predicts how mothers perceive their preterm infant's state-regulation.

Background: Mothers of preterm infants often perceive the infant as having problems with crying, sleeping and feeding, sometimes summarised as 'state-regulation'. Breastfeeding rates are lower among preterm infants, and the mother's self-efficacy in breastfeeding is central to understanding which mothers are going to breastfeed their infants. We have previously shown that mothers with higher self-efficacy have an easier time adapting to the infant and in this study we hypothesised that the degree of self-efficacy also is associated with how difficult the mother believes it is to take care of the infant.

Parents experience a sense of guilt when their newborn is diagnosed small for gestational age, SGA. A grounded theory study in Sweden.

Background: To become a parent of a child who is born small for gestational age can lead to challenges in addition to the newly acquired parenting role. There is currently a lack of knowledge regarding parents' experiences of having a child born small for gestational age.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of becoming a parent of a child small for gestational age DESIGN AND METHOD: A qualitative inductive approach was chosen with grounded theory as a method, a strategic selection was used and individual interviews with open questions were performed.

Developing the Preterm Breastfeeding Attitudes Instrument: A tool for describing attitudes to breastfeeding among health care professionals in neonatal intensive care.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop an instrument that measures health care professionals' (HCPs) attitudes to breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact in relation to the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative for neonatal intensive care.

Design: The study was part of a larger project aiming to revive the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding for both full-term and preterm infants. The study had a pre-test/post-test design using online questionnaires distributed by email before and after a training programme.

A breastfeeding support program changed breastfeeding patterns but did not affect the mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding at two months.

Background: Even though the biological norm in humans is frequent on demand breastfeeding, sparse feeding intervals have become the cultural norm in most Western countries due to a history of on schedule breastfeeding. This discrepancy between the biological basis and the culturally driven practice continues to interfere with women's ability to breastfeed.

Aim: Our aim was to describe breastfeeding patterns in 2-month-old infants before and after the implementation of a breastfeeding support program.

Longer shared parental leave is associated with longer duration of breastfeeding: a cross-sectional study among Swedish mothers and their partners.

Background: Breastfeeding is associated with health benefits for both the mother and infant and is therefore important to support; moreover, parental leave is a beneficial factor for breastfeeding. The Swedish parental leave is generous, allowing each parent to take 90 days; additionally, a further 300 days can be taken by either parent. Generally, mothers take 70% of the parental leave days, mainly during the first year.

Mothers' Adaptation to a Late Preterm Infant When Breastfeeding.

The aim of this study was to psychometrically test the Adaptation to the Late Preterm Infant when Breastfeeding Scale (ALPIBS) and also to test how a mother's self-efficacy predicts adaptation to a late preterm infant when breastfeeding. This study had a longitudinal and prospective design, and data collection was consecutive. Mothers (n = 105) with infants born between 340/7 and 366/7 weeks were recruited from a neonatal intensive care unit or a maternity unit.

Children report positive experiences of animal-assisted therapy in paediatric hospital care.

Aim: To evaluate children's experiences of and responses to animal-assisted therapy using a therapy dog as complementary treatment in paediatric hospital care.

Methods: The study was performed using mixed methods, by means of qualitative and quantitative data. Fifty children in a paediatric surgery ward, at a tertiary hospital in Sweden, were included between February 2016 to May 2017.

Prospective questionnaire study showed that higher self-efficacy predicted longer exclusive breastfeeding by the mothers of late preterm infants.

Aim: An important variable that influences breastfeeding outcomes is how confident a woman feels about her ability to breastfeed successfully at an early stage. We investigated breastfeeding self-efficacy in the mothers of late preterm infants.

Methods: This was a prospective, comparative study that focused on mothers who had delivered babies at 34 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks and were recruited in 2012-2015 from a neonatal intensive care unit and a postnatal ward at a Swedish university hospital.

Early skin-to-skin contact between healthy late preterm infants and their parents: an observational cohort study.

Background: Skin-to-skin contact (SSC) is an important factor to consider in the care of late preterm infants (born between 34 0/7 and 36 6/7 completed weeks of gestation). The literature suggests that SSC between preterm infants and their mothers facilitates breastfeeding. However, more studies are needed to explore potential dose-response effects between SSC and breastfeeding as well as studies that explicitly investigate SSC by fathers among late preterm infants.

Parents need support to find ways to optimise their own sleep without seeing their preterm infant's sleeping patterns as a problem.

Aim: This study described how parents perceived their own sleep, and their infants', during neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and after discharge. It also explored the infants' sleeping location at home.

Methods: The study was conducted in the NICUs of two Swedish university hospitals.

Skin-to-skin contact is associated with earlier breastfeeding attainment in preterm infants.

Aim: This study investigated the effects of skin-to-skin contact on breastfeeding attainment, duration and infant growth in preterm infants, as this has not been sufficiently explored.

Methods: A prospective longitudinal study on Kangaroo mother care was carried out, comprising 104 infants with a gestational age of 28 + 0 to 33 + 6 and followed up to one year of corrected age. Parents and staff recorded the duration of skin-to skin contact during the stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Breastfeeding Patterns in Preterm Infants Born at 28-33 Gestational Weeks.

Background: Studies of breastfeeding patterns during preterm infants' first year of life are scarce but are important for providing breastfeeding mothers of preterm infants with optimal support.

Objective: This study aimed to describe breastfeeding patterns in preterm infants up to 1 year of corrected age.

Methods: As part of a larger study on kangaroo mother care in Sweden, a 24-hour breastfeeding diary was sent home after discharge from hospital, and at 2, 6, and 12 months of the infant's corrected age.

Healthy late preterm infants and supplementary artificial milk feeds: effects on breast feeding and associated clinical parameters.

Objectives: to compare the influence of supplementary artificial milk feeds on breast feeding and certain clinical parameters among healthy late preterm infants given regular supplementary artificial milk feeds versus being exclusively breast fed from birth.

Design: a comparative study using quantitative methods. Data were collected via a parental diary and medical records.

The Swedish Version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form: Reliability and Validity Assessment.

Background: Among Swedish mothers, breastfeeding duration has been declining in recent years. An instrument for early identification of women at risk for shorter breastfeeding duration may be useful in reversing this trend.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to translate and psychometrically test the Swedish version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF), examine the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and demographic variables, and evaluate associations with breastfeeding continuation plans in Swedish mothers.

Influence of test weighing before/after nursing on breastfeeding in preterm infants.

Purpose: Swedish hospitals apply various regimens for preterm infants' nutrition in connection with their mothers' establishment of breastfeeding. Milk intake is assessed either by test weighing before and after breastfeeding or by observing the infant's suckling behavior (ie, clinical indices). These differing policies may lead to differences in infants' feeding progress.

Consulting on feeding and sleeping problems in child health care: what is at the bottom of advice to parents?

The aim of this study was to investigate and interpret ideas inherent in sleep and diet consultations concerning infants in Swedish child health services. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews of professionals employed in these services. A qualitative method with a phenomenological approach was applied to analyse the data.