Expression of Progesterone and Androgen Receptors in the Breast of Premenopausal Women, Considering Menstrual Phase.

Background: Progesterone and androgens are important for normal development and tumorigenesis of the breast.

Patients And Methods: Breast tissue samples from 49 premenopausal women were obtained. The progesterone receptors (PRA, PRB, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2) and the androgen receptor (AR) were determined in malignant and benign breast tumors and control tissues.

Expression of Estrogen Receptors in Relation to Hormone Levels and the Nottingham Prognostic Index.

Background: Estrogen hormones have a large impact on both normal development and tumorigenesis of the breast.

Materials And Methods: Breast tissue samples from 49 women undergoing surgery were included. The estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ), ERα36 and G-coupled estrogen receptor-1 (GPER) were determined in benign and malignant breast tissue.

Megestrol acetate may stimulate the production of insulin-like growth factor 1 in breast tissues of women with breast cancer.

Background: In women with breast cancer who were treated with either continuous tamoxifen alone or sequential tamoxifen followed by megestrol acetate (MA), we demonstrated significant positive associations between the breast tumor estrogen receptor (ER) and an increase in serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) during tamoxifen treatment. We interpreted this as "ER uniformity" in different tissues, e.g.

Hormone replacement therapy after breast cancer: 10 year follow up of the Stockholm randomised trial.

Background: The management of hormonal deficiency symptoms in breast cancer survivors is an unsolved problem. While hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may increase the risk of breast cancer in healthy women, its effects on recurrence is unclear. Observational studies have suggested decreased recurrence rates from HRT.

Associations between serum testosterone levels, cell proliferation and progesterone receptor content in normal and malignant breast tissue in postmenopausal women.

Progestogens and progesterone receptors (PR) may play an important role in increased breast proliferation following combined estrogen/progestogen hormone therapy, while androgens may counteract this effect. In 50 untreated healthy postmenopausal women and 48 untreated postmenopausal breast cancer patients, we measured serum levels of testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), estrone (E(1)) and adrenal androgens; and additionally, in the breast cancer patients, cortisol and corticosteroid-binding globulin and endocrine data related to breast proliferation (assessed using the Ki-67/MIB-1 monoclonal antibody) and PR levels (determined by enzyme immunoassay) in the breast cancer tissue. In the healthy women the percentage of MIB-1(+) cells showed significant negative correlations with serum levels of total T, calculated free T (fT) and the fT/E(1) ratio; while in the breast cancer patients PR content showed significant negative correlations with fT level, the fT/E(1) ratio and the T/SHBG ratio.

Digitized assessment of mammographic breast density in patients who received low-dose intrauterine levonorgestrel in continuous combination with oral estradiol valerate: a pilot study.

Objective: To perform a pilot study of the effects on the breast by low-dose intrauterine progestogen combined with estrogen.

Design: A prospective pilot study.

Setting: University hospital.

Different methods for the detection of small changes in uptake between single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examinations: 99mTc-sestamibi in chemotherapy for breast tumours.

Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate different methods for the detection of small changes in uptake between single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examinations in the same individual. No standard exists for making digital evaluations at single-photon examinations. For this purpose, we employed a patient cohort from a previous study assessing the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer using Tc-hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-sestamibi).

Menopausal hormone therapy after breast cancer: the Stockholm randomized trial.

In 1997 two independent randomized clinical trials, Hormonal Replacement Therapy After Breast Cancer--Is It Safe? (HABITS; 434 patients) and the Stockholm trial (378 patients), were initiated in Sweden to compare menopausal hormone therapy with no menopausal hormone therapy after diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer. Much of the design of both studies was similar; however, a goal of the Stockholm protocol, not shared with the HABITS trial, was to minimize the use of progestogen combined with estrogen. The HABITS trial was prematurely stopped in December 2003, because, at a median follow-up of 2.