Background And Aim: infection in dogs has several clinical manifestations. Glomerulonephritis, caused by circulating immune complexes, may cause proteinuria and progress to kidney failure, which is the primary cause of death in dogs with canine leishmaniasis (CanL). Renal proteinuria can be monitored in dogs with CanL for the early detection of renal involvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Total thyroxine (TT4) evaluation is the most commonly used first-line test for the diagnosis and monitoring of cats with hyperthyroidism. Vcheck T4 is a point-of-care immunoassay that measures TT4 using a Vcheck V200 analyser. This study aimed to evaluate the analytic performance of the Vcheck T4 assay in feline sera and the agreement in the classification of normal, high and low TT4 concentrations of Vcheck T4 with those measured by an enzyme immunoassay (EIA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(SP) is a commensal and opportunistic pathogen of skin and mucosal surfaces, isolated from healthy dogs and from canine pyoderma cases. It has recently gained attention due to its increasing antibiotic resistance. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a biological product, obtained through a blood centrifugation process, which has antibacterial properties evidenced by in vitro and in vivo studies conducted in both the human and veterinary field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFeline leishmaniosis is a worldwide infection caused by the parasite of the genus transmitted by sandflies. Based on the complexity of epidemiology and diagnosis of this infection, the role of cats in the epidemiology and clinical impact of disease is still under debate. By using serological and molecular methods, this study aimed to update the epidemiology of the infection in different feline populations from various areas of Italy and to study factors associated with the infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCats are susceptible to coronavirus infections, including infection by human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In human ABO system blood groups, alloantibodies can play a direct role in resistance to infectious diseases. Individuals with the AB blood type were over-represented in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem that requires a One Health approach. Despite several studies have reported the role of companion animals as reservoirs of AMR, limited information is available regarding the role of cats in the circulation of AMR. In this study, we evaluated the phenotypic and genotypic profile of 75 isolated from rectal swabs and fecal samples of 75 stray cats (living in solitary or in a colony) sampled in Palermo (Sicily, Italy), to determine whether these animals may participate in the spread of AMR.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In humans, blood groups are associated with varying prevalence of infections. The aim of this study was to determine if associations exist between the feline AB blood group system and haemoplasma infection.
Methods: Data from two studies were combined.
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a therapeutic option that stimulates cellular function through intracellular photobiological and photochemical reactions, promoting better tissue repair and an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and analgesic effect. Previous studies in human and veterinary medicine have shown the clinical efficacy of LLLT in many fields. In this study, the literature was reviewed using the critically appraised topic (CAT) method to determine the canine skin diseases for which LLLT is an advisable treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCats are susceptible to feline coronavirus (FCoV), a highly contagious virus with fecal-oral transmission. In people, susceptibility to coronavirus infection, such as SARS-CoV infection, has been associated with the ABO blood group, with individuals with blood group O having significantly lower risk of SARS-CoV infection. This study evaluated a possible association between feline blood group phenotypes A, B and AB and serostatus for antibodies against FCoV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The relationship between blood group antigens and disease has been studied in humans. Blood types have been associated with both decreased and increased rates of various infections. In addition, blood group expression has been shown to vary with some cancers and gastrointestinal diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study measured the changes of hemostatic activity in liquid plasma (LP) over 7 days of storage. Five canine plasma units, divided into two aliquots were evaluated: one stored refrigerated at 2-6°C as never-frozen LP and one frozen at -18°C as fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Clotting times, coagulation activities of factor (F) V, VIII, X, XI, antithrombin (AT), and von Willebrand (vWF), fibrinogen and D-dimers (DD) content were assessed before storage (baseline value), and after 12, 24, 48 h and 7 days (D7) in LP stored refrigerated, and on day 7 in FFP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tiger () is an endangered species. The health of individuals is important and any data on hematological and biochemical blood values can provide valuable information; when combined with physical assessment. This data assists in both the diagnosis of disease and some conservation strategies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeukocyte- and platelet-rich plasma (L-PRP) can accelerate the healing process by providing increased concentrations of platelet-derived growth factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of L-PRP in the treatment of canine aural hematomas associated with otitis externa. Twenty mL of citrated whole blood was collected from each of the 17 dogs included and autologous L-PRP was produced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeukoreduction of blood products is a technique used to prevent leukocyte-induced transfusion reactions and is extensively used in human, but rarely in veterinary patients. The concentration of some coagulation proteins can be affected by the processing steps used for the preparation of leuko-reduced plasma units. In this study, we assessed the effect of leukoreduction on coagulation activity of canine plasma collected for transfusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCats are susceptible to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Whilst a number of studies have been performed worldwide on owned cats, limited data are available on stray, colony or shelter cats. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection in a stray cat population before and during human outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 in cities in the Lombardy region in northern Italy, a high endemic region for SARS-CoV-2, using serological and molecular methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPractical Relevance: Blood and blood products are increasingly available for practitioners to use in the management of haematological conditions, and can be lifesaving and therapeutically useful for patients with anaemia and/or coagulopathies. It is important for feline healthcare that donors are selected appropriately, and transfusions of blood or blood products are given to recipients that will benefit from them. Complications can occur, but can be largely avoided with careful donor management and recipient selection, understanding of blood type compatibility, and transfusion monitoring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)
March 2021
Objective: To use a systematic, evidence-based consensus process to develop definitions for transfusion reactions in dogs and cats.
Design: Evidence evaluation of the literature was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. Reaction definitions were generated based on synthesis of human and veterinary literature.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)
March 2021
Objective: To systematically review available evidence to develop guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of transfusion-associated reactions in dogs and cats.
Design: Standardized and systemic evaluation of the literature (identified through Medline via PubMed and Google Scholar searches) was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. The available evidence was evaluated using PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) questions generated for each reaction type.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)
March 2021
Objective: To systematically review available evidence to develop guidelines for the prevention of transfusion reactions and monitoring of transfusion administration in dogs and cats.
Design: Evidence evaluation of the literature (identified through Medline searches through Pubmed and Google Scholar searches) was carried out for identified transfusion reaction types in dogs and cats. Evidence was evaluated using PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) questions generated for each reaction type.
Background: To characterize the cellular composition (platelets, erythrocytes, and leukocytes) and determine platelet-derived growth factor isoform BB (PDGF-BB) concentration in canine leukocyte- and platelet rich plasma (L-PRP) produced using a commercial semi-automated closed system.
Methods: Twenty milliliters of citrated whole blood were obtained from 30 healthy un-sedated canine blood donors and processed using a semi-automated completely closed commercial system (CPUNT 20, Eltek group, Casale Monferrato, Alessandria, Italy) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet counts were determined in both whole blood (WB) and resultant L-PRP.