Long-Term Efficacy of Ethanol Ablation as Treatment of Metastatic Lymph Nodes From Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Context: Ethanol ablation (EA) is considered an alternative to surgery for metastatic lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) in selected patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of this treatment.

Design And Setting: Adult patients with PTC who had received EA in lymph node metastasis at a tertiary referral center, and were included in a published study from 2011, were invited to participate in this follow-up study.

Subacute thyroiditis after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Subacute thyroiditis is a clinical condition usually seen 1-2 weeks after a viral infection in the upper respiratory tract, and has also been reported following infection with COVID-19. Cases of subacute thyroiditis following a seasonal influenza vaccination have been described, and recent case reports have reported clinical symptoms and signs typical of subacute thyroiditis following vaccination with mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Case Presentation: A young, healthy female underwent surgery with left-side lobectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Survival and Surgical Complications in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Patients After Completed Multimodal Treatment.

Background/aim: This study aimed to examine survival and surgical complications in patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) after multimodal treatment.

Patients And Methods: Since 2002, the recommended treatment strategy for ATC at our centre has been hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART) with high doses to the neck (64 Gy), combined with weekly doxorubicin, and surgery after 4-8 weeks, if feasible.

Results: Between 2002 and 2014, 14 patients completed HART and thyroid surgery.

Thyroid nodules - investigation and follow-up.

Thyroid nodules are common. As a result of increased use of diagnostic imaging, more nodules are detected as incidental findings. The great majority of them are benign and need no treatment.

Sarcoidosis with cryptococcal infection apparently engaging only immune-privileged body compartments: a case report.

Background: Infection with the Cryptococcus neoformans yeast fungus is largely restricted to patients with HIV, sarcoidosis or immunosuppressive therapies. In sarcoidosis, there is intense local immune response in granuloma lesions, coupled with a paradoxical systemic anergy. An analysis of cryptococcal infection in sarcoidosis may therefore shed light on whether opportunistic pathogens preferentially engage immune-privileged tissues.

The Role of Calcitonin in Predicting the Extent of Surgery in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Norway.

Background: Preoperative predictors for the need of prophylactic lymph node dissection in the lateral neck have been studied in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Objectives: To evaluate the ability of serum calcitonin to predict the extent of surgery needed in the lateral neck.

Methods: This retrospective population-based cohort study includes data from 94 of 139 patients with MTC surgically treated in Norway from 2003 to 2016.

Trends in Diagnostics, Surgical Treatment, and Prognostic Factors for Outcomes in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma in Norway: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is rare. Nationwide population-based studies are important to evaluate its clinical course.

Objectives: To describe all patients with MTC in Norway during 1994-2016 and compare time-related trends in diagnostics and surgical treatment, including prognostic factors for biochemical cure and disease-specific survival (DSS).

Anaplastic thyroid cancer and hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART) with and without surgery.

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid gland (ATC) is one of the most aggressive cancers in humans. With insufficient treatment, the disease most often leads to death in suffocation. From 2002, our treatment strategy has been hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (HART) with high doses (64 Gy) to the neck, followed by surgery 4-8 weeks later if feasible, with the aim to gain control in the neck.

A Nationwide Study of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A in Norway: Predictive and Prognostic Factors for the Clinical Course of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.

Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A) is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by activating germline mutations in the RET (REarranged during Transfection) proto-oncogene. MEN 2A has a strong (>95%) and age-dependent (5-25 years) clinical penetrance of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Several major studies have analyzed the predictive and prognostic factors for MEN 2A to find indicators that predict the optimal timing of prophylactic thyroidectomy.

Survey of 548 oncogenic fusion transcripts in thyroid tumors supports the importance of the already established thyroid fusions genes.

Neoplasms frequently present structural chromosomal aberrations that can alter the level of expression of a protein or to the expression of an aberrant chimeric protein. In the thyroid, the PAX8-PPARG fusion is present in the neoplastic lesions that have a follicular architecture-follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC), and less frequently in follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), while the presence of RET/PTC fusions are largely restricted to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The ability to detect fusion genes is relevant for a correct diagnosis and for therapy.

The new molecular markers DDIT3, STT3A, ARG2 and FAM129A are not useful in diagnosing thyroid follicular tumors.

Preoperative characterization of thyroid follicular lesions is challenging. Fine-needle aspiration specimens cannot differentiate follicular carcinomas from benign follicular neoplasias. Recently, promising markers have been detected using modern molecular techniques.

Efficacy of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection treatment in patients with a limited number of metastatic cervical lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Context: Repeated neck explorations can be a difficult task in patients with recurrent metastatic cervical lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study has been to assess the efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) as treatment of metastatic cervical lymph nodes from PTC.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-nine patients who previously had undergone thyroidectomy for PTC were selected for inclusion.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid gland: comparative analysis of experience at three hospitals.

Fine-needle cytology is an effective and accurate diagnostic method for the assessment of thyroid lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of thyroid cytology at a tertiary where cytopathologists with experience in thyroid cytology participate in the procedure and compare it with results in two community hospitals lacking pathology departments and on-site cytopathologists. A total of 1,770 specimens were diagnosed between 1998 and 2003.

Quantitative analysis of integrin expression in effusions using flow cytometric immunophenotyping.

We have previously shown that flow cytometric (FCM) immunophenotyping is a useful adjunct to morphology, in the diagnosis of serous effusions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the possible application of FCM to quantitative analysis of adhesion molecule expression in this clinical setting. Fresh frozen cells from 67 effusions underwent quantitative analysis of alphaV, alpha6, beta1, and beta3 integrin subunit expression, using FCM.

Risk markers of oral cancer in clinically normal mucosa as an aid in smoking cessation counseling.

Purpose: Quitting smoking may prevent oral cancer. Behavioral intervention to quit smoking may be more efficient if persons are assigned an individual risk of cancer.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective study, we provided counseling and behavioral intervention toward smoking cessation, supplemented by genetic analyses in clinically normal oral mucosa of heavy smokers.

The role of flow cytometric immunophenotyping in improving the diagnostic accuracy in referred fine-needle aspiration specimens.

Flow cytometric (FCM) immunophenotyping has an important role in the diagnostic work up of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) specimens obtained from lymphoid lesions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of this method with respect to referred FNA specimens. One hundred and two FNA specimens referred to our laboratory for FCM analysis during the last 3 years were studied.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology vs. core biopsy in the diagnosis of breast lesions.

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is an established, highly accurate method for diagnosing breast lesions. However, in recent years there has been increased use of core biopsy (CB) in this setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC and compare the quality assessment parameters of FNAC and CB in palpable and nonpalpable breast lesions.

[Fine-needle aspiration cytology or core biopsy when diagnosing tumours of the breast].

Background: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy is an established, highly accurate method for diagnosing breast lesions. In recent years, core biopsy (CB) has been increasingly used. The aim of this study was to compare the quality assessment parameters of FNA and CB in palpable and non-palpable breast lesions.

Evaluation of antibody response to human papillomavirus early proteins in women in whom cervical cancer developed 1 to 20 years later.

Objective: Infection with oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is the most important cause of cervical cancer worldwide. After infection there is a long latency period of at least 10 to 15 years during which cervical cancer develops in a small proportion of originally infected women. Up to 50% of these women have at diagnosis antibodies to the HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7, which are rarely found among healthy women.