Molecular Markers in Urinary Bladder Cancer: Applications for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Therapy.

Cancer of the urinary bladder is a neoplasm with considerable importance in veterinary medicine, given its high incidence in several domestic animal species and its life-threatening character. Bladder cancer in companion animals shows a complex and still poorly understood biopathology, and this lack of knowledge has limited therapeutic progress over the years. Even so, important advances concerning the identification of tumour markers with clinical applications at the diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic levels have recently been made, for example, the identification of pathological mutations.

Carcinocythemia: First report in a cat and literature review.

A 6-year-old female neutered European Shorthair cat was presented with a 2-day history of lethargy and hyporexia. On physical examination, the cat was slightly depressed and had a 2.5 cm nodule in the left 3 mammary gland.