Publications by authors named "Eva Negri"

Background & Aims: The relation between various types of plant-based diets and cancer risk is still unclear. We examined the association of the overall plant-based diet index (PDI) and healthy (hPDI) and unhealthy plant-based diet indices (uPDI) with the risk of selected digestive cancers.

Methods: We used data from a network of hospital-based case-control studies including 942 oral/pharyngeal, 304 esophageal, 230 stomach, 1953 colorectal, and 326 pancreatic cancer cases.

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  • * Analysis of WHO mortality data revealed that colorectal cancer mortality rates have increased in several countries, particularly in the UK and Mexico, despite a general decline in total cancer mortality across most nations.
  • * The findings underscore the importance of addressing the obesity epidemic and enhancing cancer surveillance strategies aimed at younger populations to combat the rising mortality from colorectal cancer.
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Cancer burden can be reduced by controlling modifiable risk factors, including diet. We provided an evidence-based assessment of cancer cases and deaths attributable to diet in Italy in 2020. We considered dietary factor-cancer type pairs for which the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research - Continuous Update Project reported either 'convincing' or 'probable' evidence of causal association.

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  • The American Cancer Society suggests that doctors should talk to women about endometrial cancer risks when they reach menopause, but more younger women under 50 are being diagnosed.
  • A study looked at nearly 14,000 women with endometrial cancer and found that factors like body weight and diabetes increase the risk for both younger and older women.
  • Educating women about these risk factors could help reduce the number of cases, as many endometrial cancer cases in both age groups are linked to these factors.
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Dietary isoflavones have been associated with a lower risk of gastric cancer (GC), but the evidence for this association is still limited. We investigated the association between isoflavone intake and GC risk using data from a case-control study including 230 incident, histologically confirmed GC cases and 547 controls with acute, non-neoplastic conditions. Dietary information was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and isoflavone intake was estimated using ad hoc databases.

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Background: Aspirin and statins have been suggested to have potential chemopreventive effects against gastric cancer (GC), although the results of previous studies have been inconsistent. This study therefore aimed to investigate the association between the use of aspirin and statins and GC.

Methods: A pooled analysis of seven case-control studies within the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project, including 3220 cases and 9752 controls, was conducted.

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Background: Pancreatic cancer risk has been associated with increased serum cholesterol level, which is in turn partially influenced by diet. This study aimed at evaluating the association between pancreatic cancer risk and the adherence to a plant-based cholesterol-lowering diet.

Methods: Data were derived from an Italian case-control study including 258 pancreatic cancer patients and 551 controls.

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Objective: Endogenous and exogenous hormonal factors have been associated with female breast, genital, and colorectal cancer risk. The aim of the present study is to conduct an evidence-based evaluation of the fraction of cancers attributable to and prevented by exogenous hormonal (i.e.

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Background: Tobacco smoking is still frequent in Italy and a major cause of cancer globally. We estimated the burden of smoking-related cancer in Italy.

Methods: To calculate the population attributable fraction (PAF), we adopted a counterfactual scenario for which all individuals never smoked.

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Prebiotics may influence the risk of hormone-related female cancers by modulating the gut microbiota involved in estrogen metabolism. We evaluated the association of fiber-type prebiotic intake with breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers. Data derived from a network of Italian hospital-based case-control studies (1991-2006), including 2560 cases of cancer of the breast (n = 2588 control participants), 454 of the endometrium (n = 908 control participants), and 1031 of the ovary (n = 2411 control participants).

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  • * Findings reveal that mean maternal age at birth is rising, with Italy and Spain having the highest ages (32.2 and 32.3 years, respectively), while the USA has the lowest at 28.8 years.
  • * Fertility rates show significant variation, with Sweden and the USA reaching about two children per woman, while Italy and Spain remain below 1.5 children, highlighting changes in reproductive behaviors over time.
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Dietary folate intake has been identified as a potentially modifiable factor of gastric cancer (GC) risk, although the evidence is still inconsistent. We evaluate the association between dietary folate intake and the risk of GC as well as the potential modification effect of alcohol consumption. We pooled data for 2829 histologically confirmed GC cases and 8141 controls from 11 case-control studies from the international Stomach Cancer Pooling Consortium.

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Background: Evidence on the potential association between dietary copper intake and gastric cancer (GC) is lacking. Thus, we aimed to evaluate this association within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project-an international consortium of epidemiological studies on GC.

Methods: Data from five case-control studies within the StoP Project were included (2448 cases, 4350 controls).

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Introduction: We estimated cancer mortality figures in five major Asian countries and Australia for 2024, focusing on stomach cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Eastern Asia.

Methods: We computed country- and sex-specific annual age-standardized rates (ASRs) for total cancers and the 10 most common cancer sites, using WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases from 1970 to 2021 or the latest available year. We predicted figures for 2024 and estimated the number of avoided cancer deaths in 1994-2024.

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Background: The incidence rates of endometrial cancer are increasing, which may partly be explained by the rising prevalence of obesity, an established risk factor for endometrial cancer. Hypertension, another component of metabolic syndrome, is also increasing in prevalence, and emerging evidence suggests that it may be associated with the development of certain cancers. The role of hypertension independent of other components of metabolic syndrome in the etiology of endometrial cancer remains unclear.

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Background: Diabetes has been associated with colorectal cancer. We evaluated whether adherence to a diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) can favorably influence the risk of colorectal cancer.

Methods: Data came from a multicentric Italian case-control study including 1,953 histologically confirmed colorectal cancer cases and 4,154 hospital controls admitted for acute nonneoplastic diseases.

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Background: Previous studies suggest that dietary vitamin C is inversely associated with gastric cancer (GC), but most of them did not consider intake of fruit and vegetables. Thus, we aimed to evaluate this association within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project, a consortium of epidemiological studies on GC.

Methods: Fourteen case-control studies were included in the analysis (5362 cases, 11,497 controls).

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Mortality from cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) increased in the past, but trends have been favorable in more recent years in many high-income countries. However, incidence has been increasing in several countries. We provided an up-to-date overview of mortality trends from CMM.

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We updated to December 2023 the main findings of the stomach cancer pooling (StoP) project including about 13 000 cases and 31 000 controls from 29 case-control and 5 nested studies. The StoP project quantified more precisely than previously available the positive associations of tobacco smoking, high alcohol consumption, meat intake, selected occupations (e.g.

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Evidence on the relationship between legume consumption and risk of specific cancer sites is inconclusive. We used data from a series of case-controls studies, conducted in Italy and in the Swiss Canton of Vaud between 1991 and 2009 to quantify the association between legume consumption and several cancer sites including oral cavity, esophagus, larynx, stomach, colorectum, breast, endometrium, ovary, prostate and kidney. Multiple logistic regression models controlled for sex, age, education, smoking, alcohol, body mass index, physical activity, comorbidities, and consumption of fruit, vegetables, processed meat and total calorie intake were used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for different cancer sites and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals(CI).

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Introduction: Comparing cancer mortality and associated risk factors among immigrant populations in a host country to those in their country of origin reveals disparities in cancer risk, access to care, diagnosis, and disease management. This study compares cancer mortality between the German resident population and Germany-born individuals who migrated to the US.

Methods: Cancer mortality data from 2008-2018 were derived for Germans from the World Health Organization database and for Germany-born Americans resident in four states (California, Florida, Massachusetts, and New York) from respective Departments of Vital Statistics.

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Article Synopsis
  • Gastric cancer is more common in men, and this study explores whether reproductive factors and menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) might protect women from it.
  • The analysis included over 2,000 individuals with gastric cancer and more than 7,000 controls across various studies, revealing that longer fertility duration and MHT use may reduce cancer risk in women.
  • The findings suggest a link between reproductive health and decreased gastric cancer risk, highlighting the need for further research on hormonal effects in different stages of a woman’s life.
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Objective: Anal cancer is a rare disease, affecting more frequently women than men, mainly related to human papillomavirus infection (HPV). Rising incidence and mortality have been reported over the past four decades in different countries.

Methods: To provide an up-to-date overview of recent trends in mortality from anal cancer, we analysed death certification data provided by the WHO in selected countries worldwide over the period from 1994 to 2020.

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