Tissue lipidomic profiling supports a mechanistic role of the prostaglandin E2 pathway for albuminuria development in glomerular hyperfiltration.

Glomerular hyperfiltration (GH) is an important mechanism in the development of albuminuria in hypertension. The Munich Wistar Frömter (MWF) rat is a non-diabetic model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with GH due to inherited low nephron number resulting in spontaneous albuminuria and podocyte injury. In MWF rats, we identified prostaglandin (PG) E (PGE) signaling as a potential causative mechanism of albuminuria in GH.

Studies in Zebrafish and Rat Models Support Dual Blockade of EP2 and EP4 (Prostaglandin E Receptors Type 2 and 4) for Renoprotection in Glomerular Hyperfiltration and Albuminuria.

Background: Glomerular hyperfiltration (GH) is an important mechanism in the development of albuminuria in hypertension. Upregulation of COX2 (cyclooxygenase 2) and prostaglandin E (PGE) was linked to podocyte damage in GH. We explored the potential renoprotective effects of either separate or combined pharmacological blockade of EP2 (PGE receptor type 2) and EP4 (PGE receptor type 4) in GH.

15-keto-Prostaglandin E exhibits bioactive role by modulating glomerular cytoarchitecture through EP2/EP4 receptors.

Aims: Prostaglandins are important signaling lipids with prostaglandin E (PGE) known to be the most abundant prostaglandin across tissues. In kidney, PGE plays an important role in the regulation of kidney homeostasis through its EP receptor signaling. Catabolism of PGE yields the metabolic products that are widely considered biologically inactive.

Do β-Blockers Cause Depression?: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Psychiatric Adverse Events During β-Blocker Therapy.

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Concerted EP2 and EP4 Receptor Signaling Stimulates Autocrine Prostaglandin E Activation in Human Podocytes.

Glomerular hyperfiltration is an important mechanism in the development of albuminuria. During hyperfiltration, podocytes are exposed to increased fluid flow shear stress (FFSS) in Bowman's space. Elevated Prostaglandin E2 (PGE) synthesis and upregulated cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) are associated with podocyte injury by FFSS.

The Ussing Chamber Assay to Study Drug Metabolism and Transport in the Human Intestine.

The Ussing chamber is an old but still powerful technique originally designed to study the vectorial transport of ions through frog skin. This technique is also used to investigate the transport of chemical agents through the intestinal barrier as well as drug metabolism in enterocytes, both of which are key determinants for the bioavailability of orally administered drugs. More contemporary model systems, such as Caco-2 cell monolayers or stably transfected cells, are more limited in their use compared to the Ussing chamber because of differences in expression rates of transporter proteins and/or metabolizing enzymes.