Food Addiction and Grazing-The Role of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation and Negative Urgency in University Students.

University students are a vulnerable population to the development of disordered eating, such as food addiction (FA) and grazing. FA is an emerging concept characterized by an intense desire to eat hyper-palatable foods. Grazing is characterized by the repetitive and unplanned ingestion of food throughout a period of time.

Adaptation, confirmatory factor analysis, and psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Repetitive Eating Questionnaire.

Objective: The Repetitive Eating Questionnaire (Rep(eat)-Q) is a brief self-report measure developed to assess grazing behavior-an understudied problematic eating behavior associated with eating disorder psychopathology and poor weight management. This study aimed to adapt and test the psychometric properties and factor structure of the Rep(eat)-Q in a Brazilian community sample.

Method: We used the International Test Commission guidelines for the adaptation of psychological measures between cultures.

Food Addiction Problems in College Students: The Relationship between Weight-Related Variables, Eating Habits, and Food Choices.

The concept of food addiction, characterized by a strong urge to overeat highly palatable foods, has gained increased research attention over the last decade. College students are a recognized risk group for manifesting an eating pathology and weight gain due to the changes in eating habits experienced during this period. However, there is a gap in the literature connecting food addiction with eating and weight variables in this population.

Exploring Correlates of Loss of Control Eating in a Nonclinical Sample.

Objective: Loss of control (LOC) eating has been directly related to the core aspects of the psychopathology of eating disorders and to different dimensions of emotion and behavior regulation and self-criticism. This study investigates a model representing the interplay between these dimensions to understand LOC eating among a nonclinical sample.

Methods: A total of 341 participants, recruited in a college campus (mean age 23.

Grazing's frequency and associations with obesity, psychopathology, and loss of control eating in clinical and community contexts: A systematic review.

The term grazing is generally described as the repetitive and nonplanned consumption of small amounts of food, not in response to hunger/satiety sensations. The present study aims to identify and critically review studies examining the frequency of grazing in both clinical and community samples, as well as, to investigate its relationship with eating disorder psychopathology, Loss of Control eating (LOC), psychological impairment, and weight-related variables. This systematic review followed the PRISMA recommendations for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis.

Maternal Eating Behavior and Problematic Eating Behaviors of Children Undergoing Weight Loss Treatment: A Cluster Analysis.

Research on the interplay between mothers' and children's eating behaviors is needed to better inform sensitive and tailored interventions for treatment-seeking children with overweight/obesity. The present study aimed to identify mothers' eating behavior phenotypes, investigating their associations with problematic eating behaviors of children undergoing weight loss treatment in two central hospitals. This is a cross-sectional study evaluating 136 mother-child dyads (Mothers: age 39.

Weight loss expectations and weight loss after surgery: the mediating role of body image and weight concerns.

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests bariatric patients' unrealistic expectations regarding weight loss after bariatric surgery are related to worse weight outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine preoperative weight loss expectations and their association with weight loss, body image, eating behavior, and depressive symptoms.

Setting: Hospital Centers, Portugal.

The utility of DSM-5 indicators of loss of control eating for the bariatric surgery population.

Objectives: This study investigated the utility of DSM-5 indicators of loss of control (LOC) eating in adult bariatric surgery patients who presented with binge-eating episodes.

Methods: Participants (all women) were 40 preoperative and 28 postoperative bariatric surgery patients reporting objective binge eating (OBE), 46 preoperative and 52 postoperative with subjective binge-eating (SBE), 53 bulimia nervosa (BN) controls, and 34 binge-eating disorder (BED) controls. Face-to-face Eating Disorder Examination interviews and questionnaires were administered.

Grazing in children: associations with child's characteristics and parental feeding practices.

Purpose: Grazing is a problematic eating behavior linked with poor weight loss outcomes, disordered eating psychopathology, and psychological distress in the adult population. However, no study assessed this behavior in children. Childhood is an important time frame for the development and maintenance of healthy eating habits, which can be influenced by children's psychological state, eating habits, and parental practices.

Disordered eating after bariatric surgery: clinical aspects, impact on outcomes, and intervention strategies.

Purpose Of Review: Disordered eating behaviors (DEBs) are associated with poor weight outcomes following bariatric surgery. We describe DEBs most relevant to this population, their associations with weight outcomes, and emerging data on interventions for DEBs.

Recent Findings: Loss of control eating episodes and grazing have been the most well studied DEBs in bariatric samples.

Weight loss trajectories and psychobehavioral predictors of outcome of primary and reoperative bariatric surgery: a 2-year longitudinal study.

Background: Long-term behavioral and psychological aspects associated with weight outcomes after reoperative bariatric surgery have rarely been investigated.

Objectives: This study sought (1) to identify differences in weight loss trajectories during the first 24 months in reoperative bariatric surgery (R group) and primary bariatric surgery (P group) and (2) to investigate pre- and postsurgery psychobehavioral predictors of weight loss and weight regain for both groups.

Setting: Hospital center and university, Portugal.

Perceived social support before and after bariatric surgery: association with depression, problematic eating behaviors, and weight outcomes.

Purpose: Engaging in a healthy lifestyle after bariatric surgery is essential to optimize and sustain weight loss in the long term. There is promising evidence that social support of patients who undergo bariatric surgery plays an important role in promoting a better quality of life and adherence to the required behavioral changes and medical appointments. This study sought to investigate: (a) if post-operative patients experience different levels of perceived social support compared to pre-operative patients; (b) correlations between perceived social support, depression, disordered eating, and weight outcomes; (c) if social support is a moderator between psychological distress, and disordered eating behavior and weight outcomes.

Problematic eating behaviors and psychopathology in patients undergoing bariatric surgery: The mediating role of loss of control eating.

Objective: This study compares different problematic eating behaviors (PEBs; objective [OBE]/subjective [SBE] binge-eating and compulsive [CG]/noncompulsive [NCG] grazing) in relation to the severity of loss of control (LOC) and psychopathology. We also investigate LOC as a mediator between PEBs and psychopathology.

Method: This cross-sectional study assessed a group of patients before bariatric surgery (n = 163), and a group of bariatric patients 12 months or more after surgery (n = 131).

The Impact of Exposure to Cartoons Promoting Healthy Eating on Children's Food Preferences and Choices.

Objective: This study explored whether a cartoon show with healthy eating messages positively affected children's food choices and food preferences.

Design: Experimental between-subjects design.

Setting: Four elementary schools in Portugal were investigated.

Correction to: Reoperative Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review of the Reasons for Surgery, Medical and Weight Loss Outcomes, and Relevant Behavioral Factors.

Eating and lifestyle behaviors, difficulty in embracing the required lifestyle changes, and reappearance of depressive and anxious symptoms have been associated with failure of weight loss or weight regain after primary surgeries. These aspects are further developed in the original manuscript.

Reoperative Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review of the Reasons for Surgery, Medical and Weight Loss Outcomes, Relevant Behavioral Factors.

Reoperative surgery following the failure of primary bariatric surgery is increasing due to the significant rates of patients experiencing poor weight loss or medical complications. This literature review was conducted to organize the emerging, but scattered, literature regarding the reasons for undergoing surgery, the best available options, the predictors of success, and the psychological characteristics of patients submitted to reoperative surgeries. Reoperative procedures are technically challenging, but the possible benefits of reoperation supplant the increased risks associated with these procedures.

Repetitive eating questionnaire [Rep(eat)-Q]: Enlightening the concept of grazing and psychometric properties in a Portuguese sample.

Background/objective: Grazing has been associated with poor weight loss or weight regain in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery, but research remains scarce and complicated by the use of different non-validated measures. The aim of this paper is to describe the validation of the Rep(eat)-Q, a self-report measure developed to assess grazing, and investigates its relationship with BMI and psychopathology.

Subjects/methods: 1223 university students and community participants (non-clinical; Study A) and 154 pre-bariatric and 84 post-bariatric patients (Study B) completed a set of self-report measures, including the Rep(eat)-Q (worded in Portuguese), to assess disordered eating, depression, anxiety, stress and impulsivity.

Prevalence of eating disorders and picking/nibbling in elderly women.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the point prevalence of eating disorders and picking/nibbling in elderly women.

Methods: This was a two-stage epidemiological study that assessed 342 women aged 65-94 years old. In Stage 1, the following screening measures were used to identify possible cases: the Mini-Mental State Examination, to screen and exclude patients with cognitive impairment; Weight Concerns Scale; SCOFF (Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food) Questionnaire; Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-dietary restraint subscale; and three questions to screen for picking/nibbling and night eating syndrome.

Stability of problematic eating behaviors and weight loss trajectories after bariatric surgery: a longitudinal observational study.

Background: The literature is rather mixed regarding the stability and the role of pre- and postoperative problematic eating behaviors (PEBs) on weight outcomes after bariatric surgery.

Objectives: To investigate the stability of loss of control (LOC) eating and picking and/or nibbling from pre- to postoperative assessments, and to investigate whether pre- and postoperative PEBs are predictors of different weight loss trajectories.

Setting: Central Hospital, University, Portugal.

APOLO-Bari, an internet-based program for longitudinal support of bariatric surgery patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Despite evidence of successful weight loss for bariatric surgery patients, some patients experience considerable weight regain over the long term. Given the strong association between post-surgery health behaviors and outcomes, aftercare intervention to address key behaviors appears to be a reasonable relapse-prevention strategy. As the burden of obesity rates increases in healthcare centers, an internet-based program appears to be a reasonable strategy for supporting bariatric surgery patients in the long term.

Eating Disorders and Problematic Eating Behaviours Before and After Bariatric Surgery: Characterization, Assessment and Association with Treatment Outcomes.

Accumulating evidence suggests that bariatric surgery candidates are likely to present with eating disorders (EDs) and/or problematic eating behaviours (EBs), and research suggests that these problems may persist or develop after bariatric surgery. While there is growing evidence indicating that EDs and EBs may impact bariatric surgery outcomes, the definitions and assessment methods used lack consensus, and findings have been mixed. The aims of this paper were (1) to summarize the existing literature on pre-operative and post-operative EDs and problematic EBs; (2) to discuss the terms, definitions and assessment measures used across studies; and (3) to consider the extent to which the presence of these problems impact surgery outcomes.

What is "grazing"? Reviewing its definition, frequency, clinical characteristics, and impact on bariatric surgery outcomes, and proposing a standardized definition.

Background: Grazing, characterized by a repetitive eating pattern, has received increased attention among bariatric surgery patients. However, different definitions and terminology have been used, preventing the accurate measurement of this phenomenon and comparison of data across studies.

Objective: To review existing definitions and associated clinical features of grazing among different samples and to propose a standardized definition that will allow for consistency in future work.

Picking or nibbling: frequency and associated clinical features in bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, and binge eating disorder.

Objective: Picking or ribbling (P&N) is a newly studied eating behavior characterized by eating in an unplanned and repetitious manner in between meals and snacks. This behavior seems to be related to poorer weight loss outcomes after bariatric surgery for weight loss in severely obese patients, but clarification is still required regarding its value in other clinical samples. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of P&N across different eating disorder samples, as well as to examine its association with psychopathological eating disorder features.