Incorporation of sediment- and soil-specific aspects in the Criteria for Reporting and Evaluating Ecotoxicity Data (CRED).

In environmental risk assessment either for registration purposes or for retrospective assessments of monitoring data, the hazard assessment is predominantly based on effect data from ecotoxicity studies. Most regulatory frameworks require studies used for risk assessment to be evaluated for reliability and relevance. Historically, the Klimisch methodology was used in many regulatory procedures where reliability needed to be evaluated.

Relationships of Helicoverpa armigera, Ostrinia nubilalis and Fusarium verticillioides on MON 810 Maize.

MON 810 maize was developed against Ostrinia nubilalis and is suggested to indirectly decrease Fusarium spp. infestation in maize ears. To evaluate this effect, co-occurrence of insect and fungal pests on MON 810 maize was studied.

Cry1Ab toxin production of MON 810 transgenic maize.

Levels of Cry1Ab toxin were detected in genetically modified maize of genetic event MON 810 against near isogenic maize as negative control by two commercial immunoassays. The immunoassays were characterized for their cross-reactivity (CR) between Cry1Ab protoxin and activated toxin, and were compared with each other for toxin detection in a reference plant sample. Cry1Ab toxin levels, corrected for active toxin content using the CR values obtained, were monitored in maize DK-440 BTY through the entire vegetation period.

Detection of Cry1Ab toxin in the leaves of MON 810 transgenic maize.

The distribution of Cry1Ab toxin was detected in the leaves of genetically modified maize of genetic event MON 810 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cry1Ab toxin contents in the leaves at reproductive (milk, R3) phenological stage were measured to be between 3,878 and 11,148 ng Cry1Ab toxin/g fresh weight. Toxin content was significantly lesser (significant difference (SD) = 1,823 ng Cry1Ab toxin/g fresh leaf weight, p < 0.