Farmers' and veterinary surgeons' knowledge, perceptions and attitudes towards cattle abortion investigations in the UK.

Background: Cattle abortion can significantly affect farm productivity and be an important cause of economic loss on beef and dairy farms.

Method: A questionnaire-based survey, completed by 379 farmers and 134 veterinary surgeons from the UK and Ireland, investigated motivators and barriers towards abortion investigations and perceptions of cattle abortion. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling.

Subcortical connectivity in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to measure correlations in spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal which represent functional connectivity between key brain areas.

Aims: To investigate functional connectivity with regions hypothesised to be differentially affected in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) compared with Alzheimer's disease and controls.

Method: Fifteen participants with probable DLB, 16 with probable Alzheimer's disease and 16 controls were scanned in the resting-state using a 3T scanner.

Resting-state functional connectivity in late-life depression: higher global connectivity and more long distance connections.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging recordings in the resting-state (RS) from the human brain are characterized by spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygenation level dependent signal that reveal functional connectivity (FC) via their spatial synchronicity. This RS study applied network analysis to compare FC between late-life depression (LLD) patients and control subjects. Raw cross-correlation matrices (CM) for LLD were characterized by higher FC.

Functional connectivity in cortical regions in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer's disease.

Using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, spontaneous low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygenation level-dependent signal were measured to investigate connectivity between key brain regions hypothesized to be differentially affected in dementia with Lewy bodies compared with Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls. These included connections of the hippocampus, because of its role in learning, and parietal and occipital areas involved in memory, attention and visual processing. Connectivity was investigated in 47 subjects aged 60 years and over: 15 subjects with dementia with Lewy bodies, 16 subjects with Alzheimer's disease and 16 control subjects.

Functional connectivity in late-life depression using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: To investigate whether there are differences in brain connectivity in late-life depression (LLD) and nondepressed subjects using the left and right heads of caudate nuclei (hCN) as the seed regions.

Design: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected using a 3-Tesla MRI System.

Setting: Subjects were recruited from primary or secondary care services in the Newcastle area.

A volumetric magnetic resonance imaging study of entorhinal cortex volume in dementia with lewy bodies. A comparison with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease with and without dementia.

Aims: To investigate whether subjects with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) have reduced entorhinal cortex (EC) volumes compared to controls and cognitively intact Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects.

Methods: Volumes of the EC were measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 144 individuals (aged over 65 years): 20 with DLB, 26 with AD, 30 with PDD, 31 with PD and 37 normal age-matched controls.

Results: Total normalised EC volumes were significantly smaller in DLB, AD and PDD patients compared to controls, and in DLB and AD patients compared to PD patients (p < 0.