A new era and future of education: the impact of pandemic on online learning - a study from the European School of Urology.

Introduction: In contemporary times, the online learning process has become indispensable for healthcare education. In this direction, the European School of Urology (ESU) has taken the challenge to implement new technologies to bring down knowledge barriers. Web-based seminars (webinars) are one of the tools that help us move towards such inclusivity, and in front-facing COVID-19 pandemic, when face-to-face meetings were forbidden.

Increased healthcare costs in COVID-19 patients with unhealthy habits: The case of smoking.

Introduction: This study aims to analyze the differences in the prognosis and cost of COVID-19 patients in terms of mortality and occurrence of complications due to tobacco use.

Methods: This study was conducted using a unique Spanish electronic database built by health professionals during the first wave of the pandemic on the admission and evolution of a patient infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Data were collected on all patients admitted to La Paz hospital (Madrid) from the pandemic's beginning until 15 July 2020.

Extra-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with small vessel brain lesions and clinical manifestations associated with antiphospholipid syndrome.

Objectives: Neurological manifestations compatible with small vessel brain lesions (SVBL), such as migraine, cognitive impairment, seizures, and transverse myelitis, may be related to antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and patients could need APS therapies even though they do not fit into thrombosis or obstetric morbidity. Furthermore, extra-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) provide an increase in sensitivity in patients with clinical manifestations related to APS but negative for IgG/IgM anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-β2 glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI), and lupus anticoagulant, which are the antibodies included in the classification criteria for APS.

Methods: We determined extra-criteria aPL in 65 SVBL patients with neurological traits and Magnetic Resonance Imaging suggestive of APS but negative for APS classification criteria, 47 of whom were prospectively followed and tested over three years.

Reducing overtreatment associated with overdiagnosis in cervical cancer screening-A model-based benefit-harm analysis for Austria.

A general concern exists that cervical cancer screening using human papillomavirus (HPV) testing may lead to considerable overtreatment. We evaluated the trade-off between benefits and overtreatment among different screening strategies differing by primary tests (cytology, p16/Ki-67, HPV alone or in combinations), interval, age and diagnostic follow-up algorithms. A Markov state-transition model calibrated to the Austrian epidemiological context was used to predict cervical cancer cases, deaths, overtreatments and incremental harm-benefit ratios (IHBR) for each strategy.

The Impact of the Change in Payment System for German Psychiatric Clinics on Treatment Success: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis.

Background: In Germany a new reimbursement system for psychiatric clinics was proposed in 2009 based on the § 17d KHG Psych-Entgeltsystem. The system can be voluntary implemented by clinics since 2013 but therapists are frequently afraid it might affect treatment negatively.

Objectives: To evaluate whether the new system has a negative impact on treatment success by analysing routinely collected data in a Bavarian clinic.

Views and Experiences of Persons with Chronic Diseases about Strategies that Aim to Integrate and Re-Integrate Them into Work: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies.

The effectiveness of strategies targeting professional integration and reintegration strongly depends on the experiences of participants. The aim of this systematic literature review is to synthesize European qualitative studies exploring views and experiences of persons with chronic conditions regarding strategies for integration and reintegration into work. The systematic search was conducted in Medline, PsycINFO, CDR-HTA, CDR-DARE and Cochrane Systematic Reviews.

Furthering the Evidence of the Effectiveness of Employment Strategies for People with Mental Disorders in Europe: A Systematic Review.

(1) Purpose: This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of strategies used in the professional (re)integration of persons with mental disorders (MD) in European countries; (2) Methods: We conducted a search for scientific publications available in relevant electronic databases (Medline, PsycINFO, CDR-HTA, CDR-DARE, and Cochrane Library). The present study collected evidence on the effectiveness, from 2011 to 2016, of employment strategies for persons with MDs; (3) Results: A total of 18 studies were included, representing 5216 participants (aged 18⁻65, mean age of 38.5 years old) from 7 countries.

Mapping European Welfare Models: State of the Art of Strategies for Professional Integration and Reintegration of Persons with Chronic Diseases.

Persons with chronic diseases (PwCDs) often experience work-related problems, and innovative actions to improve their participation in the labor market are needed. In the frame of the European (EU) Pathways Project, the aim of the study is to compare existing strategies (policies, systems, and services) for professional (re-)integration of PwCDs and mental health conditions available at both European and national level between different European welfare models: Scandinavian, Continental, Anglo-Saxon, Mediterranean, and “Post-Communist”. : The European strategies were identified by an overview of relevant academic and grey literature searched through Medline and internet searches, while national strategies were explored through questionnaires and in-depth interviews with national relevant stakeholders.

Effectiveness of Integration and Re-Integration into Work Strategies for Persons with Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review of European Strategies.

Due to low employment rates associated to chronic conditions in Europe, it is essential to foster effective integration and re-integration into work strategies. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence on the effectiveness of strategies for integration and re-integration to work for persons with chronic diseases or with musculoskeletal disorders, implemented in Europe in the past five years. A systematic search was conducted in MedLine, PsycINFO, CDR-HTA, CDR-DARE and Cochrane Systematic Reviews.

Outcomes and Complications of Tibial Tubercle Fractures in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Systematic review of the literature was done to determine (1) the frequency and type of associated injuries, (2) frequency of concomitant Osgood-Schlatter disease, (3) methods of treatment, (4) functional and radiologic outcomes according to fracture type, and (5) complications of tibial tubercle fractures in pediatric patients.

Methods: A systematic review of the English literature from 1970 to 2013 included 23 eligible articles reporting 336 fractures with a mean follow-up of 33.56 months (range, 5.

Donor milk volume and characteristics of donors and their children.

Background: Little is known regarding the effect of the characteristics of donors and their children on the volume of donor milk delivered to a human milk bank (HMB).

Aims: Our study aimed to determine the relationship between different social and demographic variables of donors and their infants with the volume of human milk delivered.

Methods: We included donors accepted at the Hospital Doce de Octubre HMB from January 1st, 2009 until April 31st, 2013, and who had finished their donation.

Role of biological and non biological factors in congestive heart failure mortality: PREDICE-SCORE: a clinical prediction rule.

Background: Congestive heart failure (HF) is a chronic, frequent and disabling condition but with a modifiable course and a large potential for improving. The aim of this project was to develop a clinical prediction model of biological and non biological factors in patients with first diagnosis of HF that facilitates the risk-stratification and decision-making process at the point of care.

Methods And Results: Historical cohort analysis of 600 patients attended at three tertiary hospitals and diagnosed of a first episode of HF according Framingham criteria.

Long-term effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of screening for hepatitis C virus infection.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is an emerging problem in public health. In most countries, the majority of HCV infected people are yet undiagnosed. Early detection and treatment may result in better health outcomes and save costs by preventing future advanced liver disease.

High-resolution melting analysis for rapid screening of BRCA1 and BRCA2 Spanish mutations.

The majority of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation detection procedures include screening methods, all of which are time-consuming. High-resolution melting (HRM) is a promising pre-screening method of gene scanning that combines simplicity and rapid identification of genetic variants. We evaluated HRM in the screening of BRCA1/2 Spanish mutations.

Cost-effectiveness of primarily human papillomavirus-based cervical cancer screening in settings with currently established Pap screening: a systematic review commissioned by the German Federal Ministry of Health.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to summarize the current evidence for the cost-effectiveness of primarily human papillomavirus (HPV) -based cervical cancer screening in settings with already established Papanicolaou test (Pap) programs. Emphasis was placed on the German situation with annual Pap screening.

Methods: Medical, economic, and health technology assessment (HTA) databases were systematically searched for cost-effectiveness studies comparing HPV to Pap screening.

Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in Spanish breast/ovarian cancer patients: a high proportion of mutations unique to Spain and evidence of founder effects.

We screened index cases from 410 Spanish breast/ovarian cancer families and 214 patients (19 of them males) with breast cancer for germ-line mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, using SSCP, PTT, CSGE, DGGE, and direct sequencing. We identified 60 mutations in BRCA1 and 53 in BRCA2. Of the 53 distinct mutations observed, 11 are novel and 12 have been reported only in Spanish families (41.