Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity by Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation: A Preliminary Study.

Objectives: An excessive and abrupt increase in cerebral blood flow may cause blood vessel damage, leading to stroke. Therefore, appropriate methods to immediately regulate blood flow velocity are important. Through an analysis of 31 healthy adults, we therefore investigated whether stimulating the common carotid artery (CCA) using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) could modulate blood flow velocity in the CCA.

Effects of low-pressure Valsalva maneuver on changes in cerebral arterial stiffness and pulse wave velocity.

The Valsalva maneuver (VM), commonly used to assess cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system functions, can induce changes in hemodynamic function that may affect cerebral vascular functionality, such as arterial elasticity. This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-pressure VM on cerebral arterial stiffness and cerebral vascular dynamics. Thirty-one healthy young participants (average age 21.

Combined Effects of , , and on Sleep-Related Behaviors through GABAergic Signaling.

We aimed to analyze the increase in the sleep-promoting effects based on the mixed ratio of botanical extracts, seeds, fruits, and leaves, using animal models. Behavioral analyses, including an analysis of the total sleep time of , were conducted to select the optimal mixed ratio of the three botanical extracts. The effects were verified in a caffeine-induced sleepless model, specific neurotransmitter receptor antagonists, and ICR mice.