Clinical outcome of urgent thoracoscopic surgery on complicated parapneumonic infection with short-term preoperative antibiotic usage.

Background: Prompt initiation of antibiotics and drainage of infection source is essential in the management of pleural cavity infection. Although surgical drainage is considered a gold standard of treatment for unresolved parapneumonic infection, optimal timing for surgical intervention is still under debate. Thus, we seek to analyze the clinical outcomes of urgent thoracoscopic surgery for complicated parapneumonic effusion regarding the duration of preoperative antibiotic usage.

Subxiphoid Single-Port Robotic Thymectomy Using the Single-Port Robotic System versus VATS: A Multi-Institutional, Retrospective, and Propensity Score-Matched Study.

Subxiphoid thymectomy is a novel alternative to the transthoracic approach and sternotomy, with potential benefits, such as reduced postoperative pain and faster recovery. We previously reported the initial experience with subxiphoid single-port robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (SRATS) thymectomy using the single-port robotic system (SPS). However, the efficacy of this technique remains unknown.

Clinical Importance of Grading Tumor Spread through Air Spaces in Early-Stage Small-Lung Adenocarcinoma.

This study aimed to identify the clinical manifestation and implications according to the grading of tumor spread through air spaces in early-stage small (≤2 cm) pathological stage I non-mucinous lung adenocarcinomas. Medical records of patients with pathological stage I tumors sized ≤2 cm were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. The furthest distance of the spread through air spaces from the tumor margin was measured on a standard-length scale (mm).

Synchrotron Radiation Refraction-Contrast Computed Tomography Based on X-ray Dark-Field Imaging Optics of Pulmonary Malignancy: Comparison with Pathologic Examination.

Refraction-contrast computed tomography based on X-ray dark-field imaging (XDFI) using synchrotron radiation (SR) has shown superior resolution compared to conventional absorption-based methods and is often comparable to pathologic examination under light microscopy. This study aimed to investigate the potential of the XDFI technique for clinical application in lung cancer diagnosis. Two types of lung specimens, primary and secondary malignancies, were investigated using an XDFI optic system at beamline BL14B of the High-Energy Accelerator Research Organization Photon Factory, Tsukuba, Japan.

Trends in recurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax in young population after treatment for first episode based on a nationwide population data.

The aim of this study is to identifying post treatment recurrence rates in pneumothorax patients under 35 and without any comorbidities according to the treatment types, gender, and age categories based on nationwide population data. Clinical information of pneumothorax patients was extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database between January 2002 and December 2020. Enrolled patients were categorized into two groups; (1) Group I, those who underwent conservative management including pain relief, oxygen therapy, and closed thoracostomy, and (2) Group II, surgical intervention.

Synchrotron Radiation-Based Refraction-Contrast Tomographic Images Using X-ray Dark-Field Imaging Optics in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma and Histologic Correlations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical implication of synchrotron radiation imaging techniques for human lung adenocarcinoma in comparison with pathologic examination. A refraction-based tomographic imaging technique called the X-ray dark-field imaging (XDFI) method was used to obtain computed tomographic images of human lung adenocarcinoma at the beam line at Photon Factory BL 14B at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) in Tsukuba, Japan. Images of normal lung tissue were also obtained using the same methods and reconstructed as 3D images.

Comparison of survival outcomes between sublobar resection and lobectomies in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma by propensity score matching analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of sublobar resections and compare these with those of lobectomies in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 871 patients who underwent lobectomies or sublobar resections for early-stage lung adenocarcinomas. Two hundred thirty-five (27.

Perioperative risk factors in surgical lung biopsy for the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease: a single-centre experience.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate mortality and morbidity after surgical lung biopsy in patients with interstitial lung diseases and to investigate perioperative risk factors for complications.

Methods: A total of 132 enrolled patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (70), patients with operation scheduled before admission; group 2 (48), patients with operation determined after medical therapy; and group 3 (14), patients with emergent operation followed by steroid therapy. Complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo system.

Evaluation of clinical risk factors for developing pleural empyema secondary to liver abscess.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical manifestation and predictive risk factors of pleural empyema developing during treatment of the pyogenic liver abscess.

Methods: Medical records of patients with the liver abscess in our institution were reviewed retrospectively. Enrolled patients were classified into four groups; Group 1: patients without pleural effusion, Group 2: patients with pleural effusion and who were treated noninvasively, Group 3: patient with pleural effusion and who were treated with thoracentesis, and Group 4: patients with pleural effusion that developed into empyema.

Impact of resection margin length and tumor depth on the local recurrence after thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection of a single colorectal metastasis.

Background: To evaluate the influence of tumor depth on preoperative computed tomography (CT) image, and resection margin length on local recurrence after pulmonary metastasectomy of colorectal cancer.

Methods: Patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection for single pulmonary metastasis of colorectal cancer origin from 2007 to 2017 were analyzed. Factors such as resection margin, tumor size and depth were analyzed.

Metabolic tumor heterogeneity analysis by F-18 FDG PET/CT predicts mediastinal lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer patients with clinically suspected N2.

Objectives: Accurate prediction of pathological N2 metastasis is crucial for choosing the best therapeutic strategy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of metabolic heterogeneity assessed by the positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in primary NSCLC with clinically suspected N2 metastasis in predicting pathological mediastinal lymph node metastasis.

Materials And Methods: Fifty patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC and clinically suspected N2 on preoperative CT and F-18 FDG PET/CT were included.

Community for thoracoscopic surgery.

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a real game changer in thoracic surgery. Surgical environment for thoracic surgeon have become complicated more and more as the techniques and technology have been advanced. No single surgeon can stand alone in this rapid changing circumstance.

Synchrotron tomographic images from human lung adenocarcinoma: Three-dimensional reconstruction and histologic correlations.

High-resolution tomographic images using synchrotron X-rays are expected to provide detailed reflection of microstructures, thereby allowing for the examination of histologic structures without destruction of the specimen. This study aims to evaluate the synchrotron tomographic images of mixed ground-glass opacity excised on 5-mm sections in comparison to pathologic examination. The Institutional Review Board of our institute approved this retrospective study, and written informed consent was obtained from each patient whose lung tissue would be used.

Pathological prognostic factors of recurrence in early stage lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Histological heterogeneity is thought to be important for prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. We investigated to determine pathological features with prognostic value for recurrence of early stage lung cancer.

Methods: A total of 368 patients who underwent curative surgical resection for early stage lung adenocarcinoma between 2009 and 2012 were enrolled.

Association of MAGE A1-6 Expression with Lung Cancer Progression.

The melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) genes are known to be expressed in various kinds of tumors including lung cancer. Although they are studied as targets for immunotherapy and tools for early detection of lung cancer, the correlation between MAGE expression and the prognosis in lung cancer has not been clarified. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between MAGE A1-6 gene expression and the clinical prognosis in lung cancer.

A non-randomized retrospective observational study on the subcutaneous esophageal reconstruction after esophagectomy: is it feasible in high-risk patients?

Background: Esophageal reconstruction after esophagectomy is a complex procedure with high morbidity and mortality. Anastomotic leakage is more severe and frequent in patients with preoperative comorbidities and may present with septic conditions. Considering the possibility of an easier management of such cases, we evaluated the safety and feasibility of subcutaneous esophageal reconstruction in patients with high operative risks.

Simulated Microgravity Effects on Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration.

Background: Despite improvements in medical technology, lung cancer metastasis remains a global health problem. The effects of microgravity on cell morphology, structure, functions, and their mechanisms have been widely studied; however, the biological effects of simulated microgravity on the interaction between cells and its eventual influence on the characteristics of cancer cells are yet to be discovered. We examined the effects of simulated microgravity on the metastatic ability of different lung cancer cells using a random positioning machine.

Clinical outcomes of cytoreductive surgery combined with intrapleural perfusion of hyperthermic chemotherapy in advanced lung adenocarcinoma with pleural dissemination.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the safety and feasibility of intrapleural perfusion hyperthermic chemotherapy (IPHC) followed by cytoreductive surgery as a part of multimodal strategy for the treatment of advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Medical records of advanced lung cancer patients with pleural dissemination who underwent surgical treatment between 2003 and 2013 were reviewed retrospectively. Enrolled patients were divided into a surgery group comprising patients who underwent surgery only and an IPHC group, which consisted of patients who underwent surgery combined with IPHC.

Reduction of ischaemia-reperfusion injury in a rat lung transplantation model by low-concentration GV1001.

Objectives: Lung ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the major complications following lung transplantation. The novel peptide GV1001, which is derived from human telomerase reverse transcriptase, has been reported to possess both antitumour and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we focused on the anti-inflammatory effects of GV1001 to investigate the IR injury prevention effect of GV1001 in a rat lung transplantation model.

Hypocrellin B and paclitaxel-encapsulated hyaluronic acid-ceramide nanoparticles for targeted photodynamic therapy in lung cancer.

To increase the therapeutic efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating lung cancer, we developed both photosensitizer and anticancer drug encapsulated hyaluronic acid-ceramide nanoparticles. Based on our previous study, a co-delivery system of photosensitizers and anticancer agents greatly improves the therapeutic effect of PDT. Furthermore, hyaluronic acid-ceramide-based nanoparticles are ideal targeting carriers for lung cancer.