Investigating the phylogenetic history of toxin tolerance in mushroom-feeding .

Understanding how and when key novel adaptations evolved is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Within the radiation of , many mushroom-feeding species are tolerant of host toxins, such as cyclopeptides, that are lethal to nearly all other eukaryotes. In this study, we used phylogenetic and functional approaches to investigate the evolution of cyclopeptide tolerance in the radiation of .