Influence of Vitreoretinal Surgery on Ocular Surface Dynamics Using Keratograph 5M.

Purpose: To evaluate changes of ocular surface dynamics using Keratograph 5M for 3 months after vitreoretinal surgery.

Methods: Eighty-three patients were divided into three groups: phacoemulsification group, vitrectomy group, and combined group. Keratograph 5M was performed for all patients at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the surgery.

B16 melanoma control by anti-PD-L1 requires CD8+ T cells and NK cells: application of anti-PD-L1 Abs and Trp2 peptide vaccines.

Anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy has been beneficial in treating patients with certain cancers. Here, we tested whether anti-PD-L1 therapy is effective for controlling different types of tumors using animal models of TC-1, MC38 and B16. We found that, despite PD-L1 expression, anti-PD-L1 therapy showed little and some antitumor activity in the TC-1 and MC38 models.

BLI-Based Functional Assay in Phage Display Benefits the Development of a PD-L1-Targeting Therapeutic Antibody.

The therapeutic functionality of the antibodies from phage display is verified after an initial screening. Several immunological assays such as ELISA, flow cytometry, the western blot, and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay are commonly used; the IgG-format antibody is usually preferred to verify the functionality of antibodies, which need elaborative mammalian expression and purification work. Here, we describe a biolayer interferometry (BLI)-based assay that can evaluate the inhibitory functions of antibodies at an earlier stage of screening.

Novel Antibodies Targeting MUC1-C Showed Anti-Metastasis and Growth-Inhibitory Effects on Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Mucin1 (MUC1) is aberrantly glycosylated and overexpressed in various cancers, and it plays a crucial role in cancerogenesis. MUC1 is a type I membranous protein composed of α and β subunits. MUC1-α can be cleaved in cancers, exposing MUC1-β (MUC1-C).

Generation, Diversity Determination, and Application to Antibody Selection of a Human Naïve Fab Library.

We constructed a large naïve human Fab library (3 × 10 colonies) from the lymphocytes of 809 human donors, assessed available diversities of the heavy-chain variable (VH) and κ light-chain variable (VK) domain repertoires, and validated the library by selecting Fabs against 10 therapeutically relevant antigens by phage display. We obtained a database of unique 7,373 VH and 41,804 VK sequences by 454 pyrosequencing, and analyzed the repertoires. The distribution of VH and VK subfamilies and germline genes in our antibody repertoires slightly differed from those in earlier published natural antibody libraries.

Differences in interpalpebral fissure measurement in patients with unilateral enophthalmos resulting from orbital wall fractures.

Purpose: To determine the correlation between the degree of enophthalmos and interpalpebral fissure (IPF) measurements in a group of patients with unilateral orbital wall fractures.

Materials And Methods: The medical charts of 45 patients diagnosed with unilateral enophthalmos resulting from an orbital wall fracture were reviewed. Demographic characteristics were investigated, including patient age, sex, medical history, and type of orbital wall fracture.

Generation, characterization and preclinical studies of a human anti-L1CAM monoclonal antibody that cross-reacts with rodent L1CAM.

L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) is aberrantly expressed in malignant tumors and plays important roles in tumor progression. Thus, L1CAM could serve as a therapeutic target and anti-L1CAM antibodies may have potential as anticancer agents. However, L1CAM is expressed in neural cells and the druggability of anti-L1AM antibody must be validated at the earliest stages of preclinical study.

Expression of Aquaporin-6 in Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells.

Several aquaporins (AQPs) have been identified to be present in the eyes, and it has been suggested that they are involved in the movement of water and small solutes. AQP6, which has low water permeability and transports mainly anions, was recently discovered in the eyes. In the present study, we investigate the localization of AQP6 in the rat retina and show that AQP6 is selectively localized to the ganglion cell layer and the outer plexiform layer.

A chimeric antibody to L1 cell adhesion molecule shows therapeutic effect in an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma model.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a malignant tumor derived from the intrahepatic bile duct epithelium, has a poor prognosis and is refractory to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new effective therapeutic strategies for this disease. We previously found that L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) plays an important role in tumor progression of ICC, and we generated a murine mAb, A10-A3 (IgG1), that binds to the Ig1 domain of L1CAM.

Structural mechanism of the antigen recognition by the L1 cell adhesion molecule antibody A10-A3.

The L1CAM antibody A10-A3 efficiently reduces tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Here, we describe the crystal structure of the Fab fragment of A10-A3 determined at 2.0 angstrom resolution.

A case of intramuscular hemangioma presenting with large-angle hypertropia.

Purpose: To report the case of a patient with large-angle hypertropia of an intramuscular hemangioma of the right superior rectus muscle (SR).

Methods: A 63-year-old man with progressive vertical deviation of the right eye for the past 6 months visited our strabismus department; his condition was not painful. An examination indicated that he had 60PD of right hypertropia at distance and near in primary gaze.

[A case of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the liver].

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is a type of undifferentiated, malignant neuroendocrine tumor. Most of neuroendocrine tumors exhibit well-differentiated features and are classified as carcinoid tumors. However, carcinomas of the liver with anaplastic characters, which are classified as small-cell carcinomas are extremely rare and only few cases have been reported in the literature.