IC3D Classification of Corneal Dystrophies-Edition 3.

Purpose: The International Committee for the Classification of Corneal Dystrophies (IC3D) was created in 2005 to develop a new classification system integrating current information on phenotype, histopathology, and genetic analysis. This update is the third edition of the IC3D nomenclature.

Methods: Peer-reviewed publications from 2014 to 2023 were evaluated.

Mini-Review: Clinical Features and Management of Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2.

Granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) is an autosomal dominant corneal stromal dystrophy that is caused by p.Arg124His mutation of transforming growth factor β induced (TGFBI) gene. It is characterized by well demarcated granular shaped opacities in central anterior stroma and as the disease progresses, extrusion of the deposits results in ocular pain due to corneal epithelial erosion.

Reduced OPA1, Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Increased Susceptibility to Apoptosis in Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2 Corneal Fibroblasts.

The progressive degeneration of granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) corneal fibroblasts is associated with altered mitochondrial function, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. We investigated whether an imbalance of mitochondrial dynamics contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction of GCD2 corneal fibroblasts. Transmission electron microscopy revealed several small, structurally abnormal mitochondria with altered cristae morphology in GCD2 corneal fibroblasts.

Comparison of the Predictive Accuracy of Intraocular Lens Power Calculations after Phototherapeutic Keratectomy in Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type 2.

Granular corneal dystrophy type 2 (GCD2) is an autosomal dominant disease affecting vision. Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) is advantageous in removing vision-threatening corneal opacities and postponing keratoplasty; however, it potentially disturbs accurate intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in cataract surgery. The myopic/hyperopic Haigis-L method with or without the central island has been reported; nevertheless, an optimal method has not yet been established.

Implicating genes, pleiotropy, and sexual dimorphism at blood lipid loci through multi-ancestry meta-analysis.

Background: Genetic variants within nearly 1000 loci are known to contribute to modulation of blood lipid levels. However, the biological pathways underlying these associations are frequently unknown, limiting understanding of these findings and hindering downstream translational efforts such as drug target discovery.

Results: To expand our understanding of the underlying biological pathways and mechanisms controlling blood lipid levels, we leverage a large multi-ancestry meta-analysis (N = 1,654,960) of blood lipids to prioritize putative causal genes for 2286 lipid associations using six gene prediction approaches.

Visual outcomes, spectacle independence, and patient satisfaction of pseudophakic mini-monovision using a new monofocal intraocular lens.

Modified monovision-or "mini-monovision"-is an alternative method to multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) for treating presbyopia. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients bilaterally implanted with the new enhanced monofocal Tecnis Eyhance (ICB00) IOLs with the mini-monovision technique to improve near vision. In this retrospective case series, the medical records of 50 patients (100 eyes) who underwent bilateral cataract surgery were reviewed.

Artificial intelligence approach for recommendation of pupil dilation test using medical interview and basic ophthalmologic examinations.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of artificial intelligence (AI) for recommendation of pupil dilation test using medical interview and basic ophthalmologic examinations.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Subjects: Medical records of 56,811 patients who visited our outpatient clinic for the first time between 2017 and 2020 were included in the training dataset.

Clinical outcomes of the immediate reapplication of small-incision lenticule extraction without adjusting the surgical parameters after suction loss.

This study was to analyze the clinical outcomes of immediate reapplication of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) without adjusting the surgical parameters after suction loss and to compare the outcomes with contralateral eyes that underwent uneventful SMILE. A total of 74 patients who underwent uneventful SMILE in one eye (Uneventful group) and immediate reapplication of SMILE without adjusting the surgical parameters after suction loss in the contralateral eye (Suction loss group) were included. Suction loss occurred during the posterior lenticule surface cut in 39 eyes (53%) and the cap cut in 35 eyes (47%).

Femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomy for the management of corneal astigmatism in patients undergoing cataract surgery: Comparison with conventional cataract surgery.

Purpose: To assess the effects of femtosecond laser arcuate keratotomy with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in the management of corneal astigmatism, compared with conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery.

Design: Retrospective comparative interventional case series.

Methods: A total of 2,498 eyes of consecutive patients who presented with 3.

Presbyopia correction using the monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile in myopic eyes.

Purpose: To analyze the 6-month outcomes of the treatment combination of the monocular bi-aspheric ablation profile (PresbyMAX) and contralateral aspheric monofocal laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) ablation profile for correction of myopia and presbyopia.

Setting: Yonsei University College of Medicine and Eyereum Eye Clinic, Seoul, South Korea.

Design: Retrospective case series.

De Novo L509P Mutation of the Gene Associated with Slit-Lamp Findings of Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type IIIA.

Background: Mutations of the transforming growth factor-β-induced (TGFBI) gene produce various types of corneal dystrophy. Here, we report a novel de novo L509P mutation not located in a known hot spot of the transforming growth factor-β-induced (TGFBI) gene and its clinical phenotype, which resembles that of lattice corneal dystrophy type IIIA (LCD IIIA). Case presentation: A 36-year-old man (proband) visited our clinic due to decreased visual acuity with intermittent ocular irritation in conjunction with painful recurrent erosions in both eyes for 10 years.

Artificial Intelligence for the Estimation of Visual Acuity Using Multi-Source Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomographic Images in Senile Cataract.

Purpose: To investigate an artificial intelligence (AI) model performance using multi-source anterior segment optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images in estimating the preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in patients with senile cataract.

Design: Retrospective, cross-instrument validation study.

Subjects: A total of 2,332 anterior segment images obtained using swept-source OCT, optical biometry for intraocular lens calculation, and a femtosecond laser platform in patients with senile cataract and postoperative BCVA ≥ 0.

Anterior Ocular Biometrics Using Placido-scanning-slit System, Rotating Scheimpflug Tomography, and Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: To compare anterior biometry measurements using placido-scanning-slit topography, rotating Scheimpflug tomography, and swept-source optical coherence tomography.

Methods: A retrospective review consisted of 80 eyes of 49 participants who underwent anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and keratometry examination on the same day. We used placido-scanning-slit topography (ORBscan II), rotating Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam HR), and swept-source optical coherence tomography (CASIA SS1000).

Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery after corneal refractive surgery.

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, and advanced cataract techniques such as femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) have been commercially available. Corneal refractive surgery (CRS) is one of the most popular surgeries for the correction of refractive errors. CRS changes the cornea not only anatomically but also pathophysiologically.

The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids.

Increased blood lipid levels are heritable risk factors of cardiovascular disease with varied prevalence worldwide owing to different dietary patterns and medication use. Despite advances in prevention and treatment, in particular through reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Genome-wideassociation studies (GWAS) of blood lipid levels have led to important biological and clinical insights, as well as new drug targets, for cardiovascular disease.

Accuracy of the Kane Formula for Intraocular Lens Power Calculation in Comparison with Existing Formulas: A Retrospective Review.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of the Kane formula for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in comparison with existing formulas by incorporating optional variables into calculation.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective review consisted of 78 eyes of patients who had undergone uneventful phacoemulsification with intraocular implantation at Severance Hospital in Seoul, Korea between February 2020 and January 2021. The Kane formula was compared with six of the existing IOL formulas (SRK/T, Hoffer-Q, Haigis, Holladay1, Holladay2, Barrett Universal II) based on the mean absolute error (MAE), median absolute error (MedAE), and the percentages of eyes within prediction errors of ±0.

3-month surgical outcomes of Implantable Collamer Lens implantation for myopic regression after laser vision correction surgeries: a retrospective case series.

Background: To investigate the surgical outcomes of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in eyes with residual myopia after primary laser vision correction (LVC) surgeries.

Methods: This study included patients who underwent ICL implantation and had a history of LVC surgery, including photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Visual acuity and refractive error were assessed pre and 3-months postoperatively and the efficacy and safety indices calculated accordingly.

Treatment Effect and Pain During Treatment With Intense Pulsed-Light Therapy According to the Light Guide in Patients With Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Purpose: We investigated whether there is a difference in the treatment effect and pain during the treatment of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) with intense pulsed-light (IPL) between new light guide and conventional light guide.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 85 patients (170 eyes) who underwent IPL treatment of the upper and lower eyelids 3 times, at 3-week intervals, for MGD. Patients treated with the 6-mm or 8 × 15-mm cylindrical light guide were designated as group A or group B, respectively.

Automatic segmentation of corneal deposits from corneal stromal dystrophy images via deep learning.

Background: Granular dystrophy is the most common stromal dystrophy. To perform automated segmentation of corneal stromal deposits, we trained and tested a deep learning (DL) algorithm from patients with corneal stromal dystrophy and compared its performance with human segmentation.

Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we included slit-lamp photographs by sclerotic scatter from patients with corneal stromal dystrophy and real-world slit-lamp photographs via various techniques (diffuse illumination, tangential illumination, and sclerotic scatter).

Comparison of Clinical and Biomechanical Outcomes of Small Incision Lenticule Extraction With 120- and 140-µm Cap Thickness.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes and corneal biomechanical changes between 120-µm and 140-µm cap thickness after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

Methods: This prospective study included 150 eyes (150 patients: 91 eyes in the 120-µm group, and 59 eyes in the 140-µm group) who underwent SMILE. Enhanced correction nomograms were applied for patients according to cap thickness.

Prediction accuracy of conventional and total keratometry for intraocular lens power calculation in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery.

This study evaluated the accuracy of total keratometry (TK) and standard keratometry (K) for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculation in eyes treated with femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. The retrospective study included a retrospective analysis of data from 62 patients (91 eyes) who underwent uneventful femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with Artis PL E (Cristalens Industrie, Lannion, France) IOL implantation by a single surgeon between May 2020 and December 2020 in Severance Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. The new IOLMaster 700 biometry device (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) was used to calculate TK and K.