Roles of PDGF/PDGFR signaling in various organs.

Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) ligands and their corresponding receptors, PDGF receptor (PDGFR)α and PDGFRβ, play a crucial role in controlling diverse biological functions, including cell growth, viability and migration. These growth factors bind to PDGFRs, which are receptor tyrosine kinases present on the surface of target cells. The interaction between PDGFs and PDGFRs induces receptor dimerization and subsequent activation through auto-phosphorylation, which in turn triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways.

Cardioprotection mitochondrial transplantation supports fatty acid metabolism in ischemia-reperfusion injured rat heart.

In addition to cellular damage, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury induces substantial damage to the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. In this study, we sought to determine whether impaired mitochondrial function owing to IR could be restored by transplanting mitochondria into the heart under ex vivo IR states. Additionally, we aimed to provide preliminary results to inform therapeutic options for ischemic heart disease (IHD).

Prenatal treatment with corticosterone via maternal injection induces learning and memory impairments via delaying postsynaptic development in hippocampal CA1 neurons of rats.

Previously, we reported that prenatal exposure to high corticosterone induced attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like behaviors with cognitive deficits after weaning. In the present study, cellular mechanisms underlying cortisol-induced cognitive dysfunction were investigated using rat pups (Corti.Pups) born from rat mothers that were repetitively injected with corticosterone during pregnancy.

Age-dependent expression of ion channel genes in rat.

Ion channels regulate a large number of cellular functions and their functional role in many diseases makes them potential therapeutic targets. Given their diverse distribution across multiple organs, the roles of ion channels, particularly in age-associated transcriptomic changes in specific organs, are yet to be fully revealed. Using RNA-seq data, we investigated the rat transcriptomic profiles of ion channel genes across 11 organs/tissues and 4 developmental stages in both sexes of Fischer 344 rats and identify tissue-specific and age-dependent changes in ion channel gene expression.

genes as a predictor of glioma severity and clinical outcome.

Objective: To undertake a comprehensive analysis of the differential expression of the G protein-coupled receptor () genes in order to construct a gene signature for human glioma prognosis.

Methods: This current study investigated several glioma transcriptomic datasets and identified the genes potentially associated with glioma severity.

Results: A gene signature comprising 13 genes (nine upregulated and four downregulated genes in high-grade glioma) was developed.

Bean Extract-Based Gargle for Efficient Diagnosis of Active COVID-19 Infection Using Rapid Antigen Tests.

The antigen-based rapid diagnostic test (Ag-RDT) using saliva specimens is fast, noninvasive, and suitable for SARS-CoV-2 self-testing, unlike nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) testing. We evaluated a novel Beanguard gargle (BG)-based virus collection method that can be applied to Ag-RDT as an alternative to the current RT-PCR with an NPS for early diagnosis of COVID-19. This clinical trial comprised 102 COVID-19-positive patients hospitalized after a governmental screening process and 100 healthy individuals.

Au nanoparticle-hydrogel nanozyme-based colorimetric detection for on-site monitoring of mercury in river water.

A sensitive on-site mercury sensing platform was developed for simple and effective monitoring of mercury levels in the field. The simple and practical mercury detection system was designed by integrating an Au nanoparticle-PEG hydrogel block nanozyme (Au-HBNz) into a polymer film-based colorimetric device. Upon addition of Hg ions, Au-HBNz exhibited excellent peroxidase-like activity, catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine into a blue-colored product, which has a maximum absorbance at 652 nm.

SrNbOF·4HO and SrNbOF·2HO: A Variant of Three-Dimensional Tungsten Bronze and a Polar Molecular Oxide Fluoride.

Crystals of two strontium niobium oxyfluorides, SrNbOF·4HO and SrNbOF·2HO, have been grown in phase pure forms via hydrothermal reactions using SrCO, NbO, and an aqueous HF solution. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction suggests that SrNbOF·4HO, crystallizing in the orthorhombic centrosymmetric space group, (No. 55), reveals a new variant of the three-dimensional tungsten bronze structure with three-, four-, and five-membered rings that are composed of corner-sharing NbO(O/F)F, NbO(O/F)F, NbO(O/F), and SrOF groups.

Transcriptomic insight into the translational value of two murine models in human atopic dermatitis.

This study sought to develop a novel diagnostic tool for atopic dermatitis (AD). Mouse transcriptome data were obtained via RNA-sequencing of dorsal skin tissues of CBA/J mice affected with contact hypersensitivity (induced by treatment with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) or brush stimulation-induced AD-like skin condition. Human transcriptome data were collected from German, Swedish, and American cohorts of AD patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Prenatal Exposure to High Cortisol Induces ADHD-like Behaviors with Delay in Spatial Cognitive Functions during the Post-weaning Period in Rats.

High levels of cortisol in blood are frequently observed in patients with major depressive disorders and increased cortisol level induces depressivelike symptoms in animal models. However, it is still unclear whether maternal cortisol level during pregnancy is a critical factor resulting in neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring. In this study, we increased cortisol level in rats by repetitively injecting corticosterone subcutaneously (Corti.

Nobiletin Exhibits Neuroprotective Effects against Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibition via Regulating Apoptotic Signaling.

Nobiletin, a polymethoxylated flavonoid found in citrus, has been studied because of its modulatory functions in cellular signaling cascades, and effects to prevent mitochondrial calcium overload and neuronal cell death. Particularly, we previously reported that nobiletin induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential through K channel regulation, suggesting that nobiletin might exert neuroprotective effects via regulating mitochondrial functions associated with the electron transport chain (ETC) system. This study investigated whether nobiletin regulated mitochondrial dysfunction mediated by ETC system downregulation by inhibiting complex I (CI) and complex III (CIII) in pure mitochondria and the cortical neurons of rats.

Expression of Alpha-type Platelet-derived Growth Factor Receptor-influenced Genes Predicts Clinical Outcome in Glioma.

Background: Alpha-type platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRα) is a cell surface tyrosine kinase receptor for members of the platelet-derived growth factor family. PDGFRα plays an important role in the regulation of several biological processes and contributes to the pathophysiology of a broad range of human cancers, including glioma. Here, we hypothesize that the genes directly or indirectly influenced by PDGFRα might be useful for prognosis in glioma.

Expression of potassium channel genes predicts clinical outcome in lung cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide and several molecular signatures have been developed to predict survival in lung cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that proliferation and migration to promote tumor growth are associated with dysregulated ion channel expression. In this study, by analyzing high-throughput gene expression data, we identify the differentially expressed K channel genes in lung cancer.

Prediction of itching diagnostic marker through RNA sequencing of contact hypersensitivity and skin scratching stimulation mice models.

Pruritus (itching) is classically defined as an unpleasant cutaneous sensation that leads to scratching behavior. Although the scientific criteria of classification for pruritic diseases are not clear, it can be divided as acute or chronic by duration of symptoms. In this study, we investigated whether skin injury caused by chemical (contact hypersensitivity, CHS) or physical (skin-scratching stimulation, SSS) stimuli causes initial pruritus and analyzed gene expression profiles systemically to determine how changes in skin gene expression in the affected area are related to itching.

SPORTS1.0: A Tool for Annotating and Profiling Non-coding RNAs Optimized for rRNA- and tRNA-derived Small RNAs.

High-throughput RNA-seq has revolutionized the process of small RNA (sRNA) discovery, leading to a rapid expansion of sRNA categories. In addition to the previously well-characterized sRNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and small nucleolar RNA (snoRNAs), recent emerging studies have spotlighted on tRNA-derived sRNAs (tsRNAs) and rRNA-derived sRNAs (rsRNAs) as new categories of sRNAs that bear versatile functions. Since existing software and pipelines for sRNA annotation are mostly focused on analyzing miRNAs or piRNAs, here we developed the sRNA annotation pipelineoptimized for rRNA- and tRNA-derived sRNAs (SPORTS1.

Potential Diagnostic Power of Blood Circular RNA Expression in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of novel RNAs with important biological functions, and aberrant expression of circRNAs has been implicated in human diseases. However, the feasibility of using blood circRNAs as disease biomarkers is largely unknown.

Methods: We explored the potential of using human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) circRNAs as marker molecules to diagnose active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).

A transcriptomic insight into the impacts of mast cells in lung, breast, and colon cancers.

To date, the exact impact of mast cells in tumor microenvironment is still controversial because of inconsistency in observations regarding the relationship between mast cell infiltrates and cancer development and prognosis. The discrepancies in previous studies have motivated us to examine the roles of mast cells in cancer pathology from different perspectives. Here, we investigated the impact of mast cells on transcriptomic profiles in the tissue microenvironment.

Electrochemical Detection of Hydroxylamine via Au-Pt Alloy Nanoparticle-modified Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Electrodes.

In the present study, we developed an electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive detection of hydroxylamine using Au-Pt alloy nanoparticles. Au-Pt alloy nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited on a working electrode made of single-walled carbon nanotubes. The framework composition in the Au-Pt alloy nanoparticle was easily controlled by adjusting the Au:Pt composition ratio in the precursor solution.

The angiotensin II receptor type 1b is the primary sensor of intraluminal pressure in cerebral artery smooth muscle cells.

The angiotensin II receptor type 1b (AT R ) is the primary sensor of intraluminal pressure in cerebral arteries. Pressure or membrane-stretch induced stimulation of AT R activates the TRPM4 channel and results in inward transient cation currents that depolarize smooth muscle cells, leading to vasoconstriction. Activation of either AT R or AT R with angiotensin II stimulates TRPM4 currents in cerebral artery myocytes and vasoconstriction of cerebral arteries.