Outcomes of ADM-Assisted Implant-based Breast Reconstructions According to Division Types of the Pectoralis Major Muscle.

Background: In implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR), several surgical techniques are based on the implant insertion planes. Ideal location for breast implants has become a popular topic in IBRs because each technique has advantages and disadvantages. Herein, we report the outcomes of three different division types of the pectoralis muscle and suggest an algorithm for selecting the division types.

Referred otalgia: Common causes and evidence-based strategies for assessment and management.

Objective: To provide family physicians and general otolaryngologists with a practical, evidence-based, and comprehensive approach to the management of patients presenting with suspected referred otalgia.

Sources Of Information: The approach described is a review based on the authors' clinical practices along with research and clinical review articles published between 2000 and 2020. MEDLINE and PubMed were searched using the terms , , and .

The Relationship between Rainfall Pattern and Epilithic Diatoms in Four Streams of Central-Western Korea for Three Years (2013-2015).

To study the effect of rainfall patterns on diatom communities in four major central western streams on the Korean Peninsula during the monsoon seasons of 2013 through 2015, we measured precipitation, environmental factors, and epilithic diatoms at 42 sites before (May) and after (August and September) each monsoon. The Mangyeonggang river and Sapgyocheon stream (SS) had a high percentage of low-permeability soil, and the stream had the highest proportion (49.1%) of surrounding land in urban areas.

Fat Graft with Allograft Adipose Matrix and Magnesium Hydroxide-Incorporated PLGA Microspheres for Effective Soft Tissue Reconstruction.

Background: Autologous fat grafting is one of the most common procedures used in plastic surgery to correct soft tissue deficiency or depression deformity. However, its clinical outcomes are often suboptimal, and lack of metabolic and architectural support at recipient sites affect fat survival leading to complications such as cyst formation, calcification. Extracellular matrix-based scaffolds, such as allograft adipose matrix (AAM) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), have shown exceptional clinical promise as regenerative scaffolds.

Prevention of Breast Implant Displacement Using the Acellular Dermal Matrix Garter Belt.

Background: Since the issue of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma, smooth breast implants tend to be the more preferred option in implant-based breast reconstructions, compared to its use previously. The most unfavorable aspect of smooth implants is lateral and inferior displacements, which are more common in patients who undergo breast reconstruction compared to augmentation mammoplasty. Hence, we introduce a prevention method for implant displacement using an acellular dermal matrix garter belt.

New Bone Formation in the Whole Decellularized Cortical Bone Scaffold Using the Model of Revitalizing a Haversian System.

Decellularized allogeneic bone chips act as scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. Owing to their lack of osteogenic potentials compared to autologous bone graft, decellularized bone scaffolds (DBSs) have applied only to small partial bone defects in clinical settings. Furthermore, only decellularized cancellous bone chips have been limitedly used for the purpose of bone regeneration.

Nipple Reconstruction Using the Semilunar Flap and Omega-shaped Acellular Dermal Matrix Strut.

Background: Various operative methods exist for nipple reconstruction. Selection of an appropriate skin flap and core strut material is imperative in achieving a satisfactory outcome in nipple reconstruction. Long-term maintenance of nipple projection requires further investigation by surgeons.

The Effect of Hyaluronidase on the Fat Graft.

Background: Fat grafting has been widely used for facial rejuvenation and soft tissue reconstruction. However, it is associated with a lower retention rate than expected and complications such as fat necrosis or calcification. Several techniques that may increase the survival rate of fat grafts have been proposed.

Considerations for patient selection: Prepectoral versus subpectoral implant-based breast reconstruction.

Background: In recent years, breast implants have been frequently placed in the subcutaneous pocket, in the so-called prepectoral approach. We report our technique of prepectoral implant-based breast reconstruction (IBR), as well as its surgical and aesthetic outcomes, in comparison with subpectoral IBR. We also discuss relevant considerations and pitfalls in prepectoral IBR and suggest an algorithm for the selection of patients for IBR based on our experiences.

Benthic Diatom Communities in Korean Estuaries: Species Appearances in Relation to Environmental Variables.

In the Korean Peninsula's southern estuaries, the distributive characteristics of epilithic diatoms and the important environmental factors predicting species occurrence were examined. The collection of diatoms and measurements of water quality and land-use were performed every May between 2009 and 2016, with no influence from the Asian monsoon and snow. Throughout the study, 564 diatoms were classified with first and second dominant species of and .

Semilunar Flap for Minimizing the Scar Length in Nipple Reconstruction.

Nipple reconstruction is an essential procedure to change an amorphous breast mound to a distinct breast. Various skin flaps have been proposed for nipple reconstruction. In the C-V flap technique, which is one of the most commonly used flaps for nipple reconstruction, the scar that is developed after closure of the donor site of the V-flap frequently extends beyond a new areola area.

The Benefit of a Wireless Contralateral Routing of Signals (CROS) Microphone in Unilateral Cochlear Implant Recipients.

Objective: Assess speech outcomes in unilateral cochlear implant (CI) recipients after addition of a wireless contralateral routing of signals (CROS) microphone.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Ambulatory.

Distribution of internal thoracic artery perforators: A clincal anatomy study.

There are various modifications of the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap and deep inferior epigastric perforator flap to reduce the morbidity of the donor site or to augment the vascularity of the flap. For microanastomosis of multiple pedicles, multiple recipient vessels or an intervening vein graft should be provided. In addition, alternative perforator-based flaps used in breast reconstruction have small caliber pedicles.

Postoperative Changes in Isolated Medial Orbital Wall Fractures Based on Computed Tomography.

The treatment has been improved on the accurate reduction of blow-out fracture for many decades. But still, it has been limited to reduce completely when surgeons are approaching by conventional technique. The authors analyzed the postoperative results using computed tomography (CT) scans after conventional open reduction of isolated medial wall fracture.

Quantitative Correlation Between Hyaluronic Acid Filler and Hyaluronidase.

The hyaluronic acid-based filler (HA filler) is used worldwide in various applications. In particular, the HA filler is used in the plastics and cosmetic medical field for facial rejuvenation and contouring. In this setting, it is injected into the skin or underlying tissue.

Depth of Cochlear Implant Array Within the Cochlea and Performance Outcome.

Objective: To evaluate whether the depth of cochlear implant array within the cochlea affects performance outcomes 1 year following cochlear implantation.

Methods: A retrospective case review of 120 patients who were implanted with the Advanced Bionics HiFocus 1J. Post-implantation plain-radiographs were retrospectively reviewed, and the depth of insertion was measured in degrees from the round window to the electrode tip.

Vestibular function following unilateral cochlear implantation for profound sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: Many Canadians are affected by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and those with severe or profound hearing loss may have poor hearing function despite optimized hearing aids. Cochlear implants (CI) offer effective hearing rehabilitation for these patients, however, concern continues to exist regarding possible effects of CI on the vestibular system and balance. The objective of this study was to conduct a pilot study assessing the effects of unilateral cochlear implantation (CI) on balance and the vestibular system in post-lingually deafened adults.

Preoperative steroids for hearing preservation cochlear implantation: A review.

Preoperative steroids have been shown to be beneficial in reducing the hearing loss associated with cochlear implantation. This review article discusses the mechanism of action, effects of differing routes of administration, and side effects of steroids administered to the inner ear. Studies on the role of preoperative steroids in animal and human studies are also examined and future directions for research in this area are discussed.

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography of the Facial Nerve in Patients With Cerebellopontine Angle Tumors.

Objective: To demonstrate the utility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fiber tractography of the facial nerve in patients with cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors.

Study Design: Prospective.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

A Novel Method for Correction of the Hypoplastic Pixie Earlobe Deformity: V-Y Advancement Flap and Dermofat Graft.

Pixie ear deformity is a condition in which the inferior edge of the helix of the ear is attached to the cheek without a convolutional notch at the ear lobule-cheek junction. Numerous surgical techniques have been proposed to correct pixie earlobe deformities. However, several of these techniques result in anterior or inferior scars of the ear lobules or dog-ear deformities.

A new skin flap method for total auricular reconstruction in microtia patients with a reconstructed ear canal: extended scalp and extended mastoid postauricular skin flaps.

Before visiting a plastic surgeon, some microtia patients may undergo canaloplasty for hearing improvement. In such cases, scarred tissues and the reconstructed external auditory canal in the postauricular area may cause a significant limitation in using the posterior auricular skin flap for ear reconstruction. In this article, we present a new method for auricular reconstruction in microtia patients with previous canaloplasty.