Protective Effects of Peanut Sprouts from a Smart Farming System on the Barrier Function of Human Epithelial Cells.

Inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, poses an emerging threat as it can lead to colorectal cancer, thrombosis, and other chronic conditions. The present study demonstrated the protective effects of peanut sprout extracts (PSEs) prepared from day 2 to day 7 of germination against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced epithelial barrier breakdown. Although the peanut sprout length increased in a time-dependent manner from day 1 to day 7, the extraction yields remained relatively consistent from day 2 to day 7.

Pellino-1, a therapeutic target for control of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity.

Enhanced expression of Pellino-1 (Peli1), a ubiquitin ligase is known to be associated with COVID-19 susceptibility. The underlying mechanisms are not known. Here, we report that mice deficient in Peli1 (Peli1) had reduced viral load and attenuated inflammatory immune responses and tissue damage in the lung following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Polymorphing Hydrogels Regulated by Photo-reactive DNA Cross-links.

Polymorphing hydrogels can morph into another structure on demand with reprogrammable features. This concept extends the degree of morphing beyond that of traditional shape-morphing hydrogels, which predetermine their morphing capabilities at the fabrication stage. However, current polymorphing hydrogels face limitations due to the need for complex, non-sustained responsiveness or additional chemical steps for reconfigurable morphing.

Microbial profiling of oysters from a processing plant and retail products: Analysis based on culture-dependent methods and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) are one of the most consumed shellfish globally. However, there is a lack of comprehensive microbiome studies that include the processing and distribution stages of oysters. The present study used both culture-based methods and 16S rRNA sequencing to produce comprehensive microbial profiles of oysters in two parts: (1) an oyster processing plant that processes raw and frozen oysters (n = 57) and (2) retail oyster products across two seasons (winter and spring) (n = 112).

Microbial consortia in commercial salmon products: A comparative study using cultivation-dependent and high-throughput sequencing approaches.

Despite the widespread consumption of salmon products, an all-round microbiological survey on fresh salmon and smoked salmon products sold on the market directly to consumers remains to be undertaken. The present study conducted a comprehensive microbial investigation employing both conventional cultivation-based techniques and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. A total of 120 fresh salmon and 95 smoked salmon products were systematically collected across all four seasons (spring, summer, fall, and winter), accompanied by temperature assessments of each product's interior.

Immunogenicity and protection of a triple repeat domain III mRNA vaccine against Zika virus.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and often asymptomatic in most individuals. Infection during pregnancy can lead to severe birth defects such as congenital microcephaly, and currently, there is no approved vaccine for ZIKV. Several studies are investigating the development of ZIKV vaccine using DNA and RNA as well as recombinant protein technologies; however, the outcomes thus far have not been consistently noteworthy.

Role of Poly(A)-Binding Protein Cytoplasmic 1, a tRNA-Derived RNA Fragment-Bound Protein, in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a significant cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) across all demographics, with increasing mortality and morbidity among high-risk groups such as infants under two years old, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Although newly approved vaccines and treatments have substantially reduced RSV hospitalizations, accessibility remains limited, and response to treatment varies. This underscores the importance of comprehensive studies on host-RSV interactions.

mRNA vaccine encoding Gn provides protection against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus in mice.

We developed a promising mRNA vaccine against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), an infectious disease caused by the SFTS virus that is primarily transmitted through tick bites. Administration of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA-Gn successfully induced neutralizing antibodies and T-cell responses in mice. The vaccinated mice were protected against a lethal SFTS virus challenge, suggesting that this mRNA vaccine may be an effective and successful SFTS vaccine candidate.

Layered transition metal oxides (LTMO) for oxygen evolution reactions and aqueous Li-ion batteries.

This perspective paper comprehensively explores recent electrochemical studies on layered transition metal oxides (LTMO) in aqueous media and specifically encompasses two topics: catalysis of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and cathodes of aqueous lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). They involve conflicting requirements; OER catalysts aim to facilitate water dissociation, while for cathodes in aqueous LiBs it is essential to suppress water dissociation. The interfacial reactions taking place at the LTMO in these two distinct systems are of particular significance.

Anion-Induced Interfacial Liquid Layers on LiCoO in Salt-in-Water Lithium-Ion Batteries.

The incompatibility of lithium intercalation electrodes with water has impeded the development of aqueous Li-ion batteries. The key challenge is protons which are generated by water dissociation and deform the electrode structures through intercalation. Distinct from previous approaches utilizing large amounts of electrolyte salts or artificial solid-protective films, we developed liquid-phase protective layers on LiCoO (LCO) using a moderate concentration of 0.

Parent tRNA Modification Status Determines the Induction of Functional tRNA-Derived RNA by Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are a recently discovered family of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNAs). We previously reported that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induces functional tRFs, which are derived from a limited subset of parent tRNAs, in airway epithelial cells. Such induction is also observed in nasopharyngeal wash samples from RSV patients and correlates to RSV genome copies, suggesting a clinical significance of tRFs in RSV infection.

Epidemiological investigation of equine hindlimb ataxia with in South Korea.

Background: Since 2013, the number of requests for diagnosis for horses based on neurological symptoms has increased rapidly in South Korea. The affected horses have commonly exhibited symptoms of acute seasonal hindlimb ataxia. A previous study from 2015-2016 identified as the causative agent.

Changes of Small Non-coding RNAs by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection.

The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which results from the rapid spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a significant global public health threat, with molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis largely unknown. In the context of viral infections, small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are known to play important roles in regulating the host responses, viral replication, and host-virus interaction. Compared with other subfamilies of sncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs) are relatively new and emerge as a significant regulator of host-virus interactions.

Clinical cases of zoonotic (subtype IIdA15G1) infections in Korean goats.

is an enteric protozoan, which causes severe diarrhoea in a wide range of vertebrate hosts including ruminants and humans. infections are responsible for immense economic losses to the livestock industry; furthermore, the zoonotic spread of the infection may lead to mortality in immunosuppressed humans. In the present study, we report two cases of severe cryptosporidiosis in goat kids in the Republic of Korea.

Protective effects of Quercus acuta Thunb. fruit extract against UVB-induced photoaging through ERK/AP-1 signaling modulation in human keratinocytes.

Background: Quercus acuta Thunb. (Fagaceae) or Japanese evergreen oak is cultivated as an ornamental plant in South Korea, China, Japan, and Taiwan and used in traditional medicine. The acorn or fruit of Quercus acuta Thunb.

Influence of grit on academic burnout, clinical practice burnout, and job-seeking stress among nursing students.

Purpose: To investigate the influence of grit on academic burnout, clinical practice burnout, and job-seeking stress in nursing students.

Design And Methods: The participants were 302 nursing students. Data were collected from May to August 2019 using structured questionnaires for this descriptive study.

Ultrasound-Responsive Systems as Components for Smart Materials.

Smart materials can respond to stimuli and adapt their responses based on external cues from their environments. Such behavior requires a way to transport energy efficiently and then convert it for use in applications such as actuation, sensing, or signaling. Ultrasound can carry energy safely and with low losses through complex and opaque media.

Exchange Protein Directly Activated by cAMP 2 Enhances Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced Pulmonary Disease in Mice.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children. It is also a significant contributor to upper respiratory tract infections, therefore, a major cause for visits to the pediatrician. High morbidity and mortality are associated with high-risk populations including premature infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised.