Target organ identification of jellyfish envenomation using systemic and integrative analyses in anesthetized dogs.

Proper treatment of jellyfish envenomed patients can be successfully achieved only from an understanding of the overall functional changes and alterations in physiological parameters under its envenomation. The majority of previous investigations on jellyfish venoms have covered only a couple of parameters at a time. Unlike most other fragmentary jellyfish studies, we employed an integrative toxicological approach, including hemodynamics, clinical chemistry and hematology analyses, using N.

Enzymatic analysis of Hemiscorpius lepturus scorpion venom using zymography and venom-specific antivenin.

Hemiscorpius lepturus envenomation exhibits various pathological changes in the affected tissues, including skin, blood cells, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. The enzymatic activity and protein component of the venom have not been described previously. In the present study, the electrophoretic profile of H.

Brown alga Ecklonia cava attenuates type 1 diabetes by activating AMPK and Akt signaling pathways.

The antidiabetic therapeutic effect of Ecklonia cava, a brown alga, was investigated using streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus rats and C2C12 myoblasts. The methanol extract of E. cava (ECM), having a strong radical scavenging activity, significantly reduced plasma glucose level and increased insulin concentration in type 1 diabetes mellitus rats.

Proteinaceous cytotoxic component of Allium sativum induces apoptosis of INT-407 intestinal cells.

Garlic has long been known for its wide array of therapeutic effects, including hypolipidemic, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, and possibly anticancer effects; conversely, some adverse effects of garlic, such as acute pain and neurogenic inflammation, have also been reported. However, information detailing the toxicological significance of garlic is scarce. In this study, the cytotoxicities of fresh garlic extract (FGE) and boiled garlic extract (BGE) and their underlying toxic mechanisms were investigated using INT-407 intestinal epithelial cells.

Cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae) venom.

The recent bloom of a giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai has caused a danger to sea bathers and fishery damages in the waters of China, Korea, and Japan. The present study investigated the cytotoxic and hemolytic activities of crude venom extract of N. nomurai using a number of in vitro assays.

Mutual synergistic toxicity between environmental toxicants: A study of mercury chloride and 4-nonylphenol.

Mercury chloride (HgCl(2)) and 4-nonylphenol (NP) are widespread environmental and industrial pollutants that are known to have toxic effects as well as endocrine disrupting activities. Although the individual effects of HgCl(2) and NP in liver have been relatively well recognized, little is known about the interaction of NP and HgCl(2) during the induction of their toxicity. In the current study, we investigated the synergism between HgCl(2) and NP using HepG2 cells.