MR Imaging for Ectopic Pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is diagnosed based on laboratory values and ultrasonography (US) findings. Evaluation for suspected EP should begin with a quantitative measurement of the serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin levels and transvaginal US. MR imaging is not preferentially performed in the evaluation of EP; however, if the findings of transvaginal US are uncertain, MR imaging can be used, as it has the advantages of superior soft-tissue contrast resolution and a wide scanning range.

Severity of hyperechoic pancreas on preoperative ultrasonography: high potential as a clinically useful predictor of a postoperative pancreatic fistula.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of using the severity of hyperechoic pancreas (HP) observed on preoperative ultrasonography (US) as a predictor of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF).

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 94 patients who underwent pancreatectomy between April 2006 and March 2021. The severity of HP on US was classified into two categories (normal to mild vs.

Clinical Factors Affecting the Rate of Liver Regeneration in Living Donors after Right Hepatectomy.

Sufficient liver regeneration after a right hepatectomy is important in living donors for preventing postoperative hepatic insufficiency; however, it differs for each living donor so we investigated the clinical factors affecting the rate of liver regeneration after hepatic resection. This retrospective case-control study investigated fifty-four living donors who underwent a right hepatectomy from July 2015 to March 2023. Patients were classified into 2 groups by the remnant/total volume ratio (RTVR): Group A (RTVR < 30%, n = 9) and Group B (RTVR ≥ 30%, n = 45).

Reduction in limb-movement complexity at term-equivalent age is associated with motor developmental delay in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants.

Reduced complexity during the writhing period can be crucial in the spontaneous movements of high-risk infants for neurologic impairment. This study aimed to verify the association between quantified complexity of upper and lower-limb movements at term-equivalent age and motor development in very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants. Video images of spontaneous movements at term-equivalent age were collected from very-preterm or very-low-birth-weight infants.

[Impact of Anthropometric Indices of Obesity on the Risk of Incident Hypertension in Adults with Prehypertension: A Secondary Analysis of a Cohort Study].

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of anthropometric indices of obesity (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference, waist hip ratio, and body fat percentage) on the incidence of hypertension in adults with prehypertension.

Methods: A longitudinal study design using secondary data form the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study was employed. The study included 1,838 adults with prehypertension tracked every two years from 2001 to 2018.

Reducing medication errors on emergency department discharge: Evaluation of a collaborative pharmacist-medical officer discharge prescription planning model in a tertiary hospital emergency short stay unit.

Objective: To implement and evaluate the impact of a collaborative pharmacist-medical officer model of planning discharge prescriptions, Partnered Pharmacist Discharge Prescription Planning (PPDPP) on the safe use of medicines on discharge in an ED short stay unit (SSU).

Methods: A prospective pre- and post-intervention study measured the proportion of medication errors on discharge prescriptions from the SSU using the Five Rights (5Rs) method. Pharmacists assessed discharge prescriptions generated by the medical officers (MO) during the pre-intervention phase (standard practice).

Prevalence and predisposing factors of post-stroke complex regional pain syndrome: Retrospective case-control study.

Introduction: Poststroke complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is an important complication in stroke survivors. The identification of factors associated with post-stroke CRPS is important for preventive measures and early diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 141 first-ever stroke survivors in the subacute stage were retrospectively analyzed.

Recurred Uterine Cervical Cancer Initially Manifesting as Hemorrhagic Cyst: A Case Report Recurred Uterine Cervical Cancer Initially Manifesting.

Background: Recurrence of uterine cervical cancer is common and often shows a dismal prognosis. Local recurrence usually manifests as solid soft tissue lesions and has rarely been reported to have cystic lesions.

Case Presentation: Herein, we report a case of recurrent uterine cervical cancer with initial manifestation as a hemorrhagic cyst, assessed using strain sonoelastography, CT, and MRI.

Self-supervised multi-modal training from uncurated images and reports enables monitoring AI in radiology.

The escalating demand for artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can monitor and supervise human errors and abnormalities in healthcare presents unique challenges. Recent advances in vision-language models reveal the challenges of monitoring AI by understanding both visual and textual concepts and their semantic correspondences. However, there has been limited success in the application of vision-language models in the medical domain.

Renal protection CT protocol using low-dose and low-concentration iodine contrast medium in at-risk patients of HCC and with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled non-inferiority trial.

Background: Although efforts have been made to reduce the dose of Contrast Medium (CM) to improve patient safety, there are ongoing concerns regarding its potential effects on image quality and diagnostic performance. Moreover, research is lacking to establish a lower limit for safe and effective CM dose reduction. To determine whether the image quality of contrast-enhanced liver computed tomography (CT) using a reduced amount of iodinated CM was similar to that of standard liver CT.

Deep Learning-Enabled Detection of Pneumoperitoneum in Supine and Erect Abdominal Radiography: Modeling Using Transfer Learning and Semi-Supervised Learning.

Objective: Detection of pneumoperitoneum using abdominal radiography, particularly in the supine position, is often challenging. This study aimed to develop and externally validate a deep learning model for the detection of pneumoperitoneum using supine and erect abdominal radiography.

Materials And Methods: A model that can utilize "pneumoperitoneum" and "non-pneumoperitoneum" classes was developed through knowledge distillation.

Erratum: Relationship Between MicroRNA Signature and Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.

This corrects the article on p. 28 in vol. 19, PMID: 36606643.

Transient elastography with controlled attenuation parameter versus two-dimensional shear wave elastography with attenuation imaging for the evaluation of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in NAFLD.

Purpose: This study compared the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) to attenuation imaging (ATI) in the diagnosis of steatosis and transient elastography (TE) to two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for the diagnosis of fibrosis in a prospectively constructed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patient cohort.

Methods: Participants who underwent TE with CAP were included from a previously constructed NAFLD cohort with multiparametric ultrasound data. The degree of hepatic steatosis and stage of liver fibrosis were assessed.

Comparison between Conventional Breath-hold and Respiratory-triggered Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography with and without Compressed Sensing: Cross-sectional Study.

Aim: The application of compressed sensing (CS) has enabled breath-hold 3D-MRCP with a shorter acquisition time in clinical practice.

Introduction: To compare the image quality of breath-hold (BH) and respiratory-triggered (RT) 3D-MRCP with or without CS application in the same study population.

Methods: In this retrospective study, from February to July 2020, a total of 98 consecutive patients underwent four different acquisition types of 3D-MRCP.

Efficacy and safety of mucous fistula refeeding in preterm infants: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate whether mucous fistula refeeding (MFR) is safe and beneficial for the growth and intestinal adaptation of preterm infants with enterostomies.

Methods: This exploratory randomized controlled trial enrolled infants born before 35 weeks' gestation with enterostomy. If the stomal output was ≥ 40 mL/kg/day, infants were assigned to the high-output MFR group and received MFR.

Changes in microRNAs during Storage and Processing of Breast Milk.

Human breast milk (HBM) is the ideal source of nutrients for infants and is rich in microRNA (miRNA). In recent years, expressed breast milk feeding rather than direct breastfeeding has become increasingly prevalent for various reasons. Expressed HBM requires storage and processing, which can cause various changes in the ingredients.

Relationship Between MicroRNA Signature and Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Ischemic Stroke.

Background And Purpose: We investigated whether circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) is associated with arterial stiffness in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: We recruited patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to a university hospital stroke center and underwent carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) measurement using SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia) and brachial-ankle PWV using a volume-plethysmography device (VP-1000, Omron Colin, Komaki, Japan). Circulating miRNAs were measured in venous blood samples stored in EDTA.

Renomedullary Interstitial Cell Tumor Mimicking Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Renomedullary interstitial cell tumors are often incidentally identified either upon autopsy or kidney resection for other reasons. However, rare renomedullary interstitial cell tumor cases resulting in a clinical symptomatic mass have been reported. We present a case of renomedullary interstitial cell tumor that was manifested as an incidentally detected renal mass and mimicked renal cell carcinoma on the imaging features.

Incidental Diagnosis of Ovarian Torsion Due to a Krukenberg Tumor Originating from Gastric Cancer: A Case Report.

Background: Benign lesions cause ovarian torsion more commonly than malignant ovarian tumors. Further, Krukenberg tumors have rarely been reported to cause ovarian torsion.

Case Presentation: Herein, we present the case of a patient with an incidentally discovered ovarian mass, which was finally diagnosed as a Krukenberg tumor accompanying ovarian torsion with primary stomach cancer.

MR Image Denoising and Super-Resolution Using Regularized Reverse Diffusion.

Patient scans from MRI often suffer from noise, which hampers the diagnostic capability of such images. As a method to mitigate such artifacts, denoising is largely studied both within the medical imaging community and beyond the community as a general subject. However, recent deep neural network-based approaches mostly rely on the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimates, which tend to produce a blurred output.

Tunable image quality control of 3-D ultrasound using switchable CycleGAN.

In contrast to 2-D ultrasound (US) for uniaxial plane imaging, a 3-D US imaging system can visualize a volume along three axial planes. This allows for a full view of the anatomy, which is useful for gynecological (GYN) and obstetrical (OB) applications. Unfortunately, the 3-D US has an inherent limitation in resolution compared to the 2-D US.

Diagnostic performance of dual-energy computed tomography for HCC after transarterial chemoembolization: Utility of virtual unenhanced and low keV virtual monochromatic images.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of virtual unenhanced (VUE) and low keV virtual monochromatic images (VMI) for diagnosing viable hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). This retrospective study included 53 patients with suspected viable HCC after TACE who underwent multiphasic liver computed tomography including true unenhanced (TUE) phase and conventional (CV) enhanced phases on a dual-energy scanner. VUE images, 40 keV and 55 keV VMIs of enhanced phases were reconstructed using dual-energy computed tomography data.

The transcriptomic landscape of caudal cell mass in different developmental stages of the chick embryo.

Introduction: The caudal cell mass (CCM) is an aggregate of undifferentiated pluripotent cells and the main player in secondary neurulation. Previous studies have elucidated the dynamic fate of the multipotent cell lineages, with a recent interest in the neuromesodermal progenitors. However, a transcriptomic analysis of the CCM during secondary neurulation has not been performed yet.

A Huge Gastric Angiolipoma Presenting with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage: A Case Report.

Background: Angiolipoma is a benign neoplasm mainly composed of adipose tissue and proliferating blood vessels and is relatively rare in the gastrointestinal tract. And among them, gastric angiolipomas are extremely rare and tend to be small.

Case Presentation: We report the clinical and imaging features of a patient with a huge angiolipoma in the stomach and an episode of hematemesis and melena, caused by the ulceration of the gastric mucosa overlying the gastric subepithelial angiolipoma revealed by the endoscopic evaluation.