Metachronously Occurring Carcinomas of Different Histological Types in Bilateral Parotid Glands.

The occurrence of multiple malignant tumors with varying histological characteristics in bilateral parotid glands has never been documented previously in the literature. Here, the authors present a noteworthy case of a patient who exhibited the sequential development of primary carcinomas, each displaying distinct histologic types within the bilateral parotid glands. This case concerns a 57-year-old male patient who initially underwent surgery, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy, for squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed in the right parotid gland.

Factors associated with discrepancy between fresh frozen and permanent biopsy from medical thoracoscopy: single center analysis of 172 medical flexible thoracoscopy cases.

Background: Frozen sections prepared during medical thoracoscopy (MT) have precise diagnostic ability in pleural pathology and may assist in decision-making before pleurodesis. The present study evaluated the diagnostic sensitivity of frozen sections from flex-rigid MT, and further evaluated clinical parameters for their association with a discrepancy between frozen sections and permanent paraffin sections.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 172 patients who underwent flex-rigid MT between February 2017 and November 2019 at Incheon Saint Mary's Hospital.

Prognostic Significance of Stromal and Intraepithelial Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Small Intestinal Adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: Assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) may predict the prognosis and therapeutic benefit of immunotherapy in small intestinal adenocarcinoma (SIAC) patients.

Methods: TILs were evaluated in 231 surgically resected SIACs and compared with microsatellite instability (MSI) and clinicopathologic variables. The average number of intraepithelial TILs (iTILs) and the average density of stromal TILs (sTILs) were calculated separately.

Delayed Treatment of Capsaicin Produces Partial Motor Recovery by Enhancing Dopamine Function in MPP-lesioned Rats via Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) on astrocytes prevents ongoing degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) neurons in MPP-lesioned rats via ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). The present study determined whether such a beneficial effect of astrocytic TRPV1 could be achieved after completion of injury of DA neurons, rather than ongoing injury, which seems more relevant to therapeutics. To test this, the MPP-lesioned rat model utilized here exhibited approximately 70~80% degeneration of nigrostriatal DA neurons that was completed at 2 weeks post medial forebrain bundle injection of MPP.

Prominent Nucleoli and Non-glandular Feature Are Independent Predictors of PD-L1 Expression in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background/aim: In patients with non-small cell lung cancer, relationships between PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) expression and clinicopathological characteristics have been examined. However, the association between cytological features and PD-L1 expression remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether nuclear features might be correlated with PD-L1 expression in patients with advanced and inoperable lung adenocarcinoma using small biopsy specimens.

Sustained multiple organ ischaemia after transarterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with drug-eluting beads (DC beads) may enhance drug delivery to tumours and reduce systemic toxicity. TACE with DC beads leads to significantly fewer serious side-effects compared with conventional TACE. A 66-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complained of continuous abdominal pain 1 month after TACE with DC beads.

Low grade myxofibrosarcoma in the right ventricle presenting as pulmonary thromboembolism.

We report an unusual malignant cardiac neoplasm that initially presented as pulmonary thromboembolism in a 78-year-old male. Despite anticoagulation, the pulmonary artery lesion progressed and a mass-like lesion developed in the right ventricular outflow tract. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was applied before surgery due to the presence of severe right-side heart failure with pulmonary hypertension.

Characteristics and prognosis of glomangiopericytomas: A systematic review.

Background: Glomangiopericytoma belongs to the category of borderline/low-malignant-potential tumors of the sinonasal tract, but no studies about prognosis have been reported.

Methods: To define the characteristics of glomangiopericytoma and to identify its prognostic factors, a systematic review was performed. A total of 337 cases of glomangiopericytomas were analyzed.

Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Mutational Status of Succinate Dehydrogenase Genes in Paraganglioma of the Urinary Bladder: A Multi-Institutional Korean Study.

Context: - Because of the limited number of available primary bladder paraganglioma (PBPG) cases, the rates of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) mutations and the clinicopathologic characteristics of SDH-deficient tumors have not been fully studied.

Objective: - To define the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of PBPGs.

Design: - A total of 52 PBPGs were collected retrospectively.

Inflammatory signals induce the expression of tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) in microglia.

Tonicity-responsive enhancer (TonE) binding protein (TonEBP) is known as an osmosensitive transcription factor that regulates cellular homeostasis during states of hypo- and hypertonic stress. In addition to its role in osmoadaptation, growing lines of evidence suggest that TonEBP might have tonicity-independent functions. In particular, a number of studies suggest that inflammatory stimuli induce the expression and activation of TonEBP in peripheral immune cells.

Efficiency of an automated reception and turnaround time management system for the phlebotomy room.

Background: Recent advances in laboratory information systems have largely been focused on automation. However, the phlebotomy services have not been completely automated. To address this issue, we introduced an automated reception and turnaround time (TAT) management system, for the first time in Korea, whereby the patient's information is transmitted directly to the actual phlebotomy site and the TAT for each phlebotomy step can be monitored at a glance.

Comparison of the Cobas 4800 HPV and HPV 9G DNA Chip Tests for Detection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Specimens of Women with Consecutive Positive HPV Tests But Negative Pap Smears.

Detecting high-risk (HR) HPV is important for clinical management of women with persistent HPV-positive and Pap-negative results. The Cobas 4800 HPV test is the first FDA-approved HPV DNA test that can be used alone as a first-line screening tool. The HPV 9G DNA chip test is a PCR-based DNA microarray assay.

Cancer-Testis Antigen Expression in Serous Endometrial Cancer with Loss of X Chromosome Inactivation.

Background: Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) are potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. Many CTAs are located on the X chromosome and are epigenetically regulated. Loss of X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is observed in breast and ovarian cancers and is thought to be related to the overexpression of CTAs.

Gastric metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma mimicking primary gastric cancer.

Gastric metastases from lung adenocarcinoma are rare. Because gastric metastasis grossly resembles advanced gastric cancer, it is difficult to diagnose gastric metastasis especially when the histology of the primary lung cancer is adenocarcinoma. We describe a case of gastric metastasis from primary lung adenocarcinoma mimicking Borrmann type IV primary gastric cancer.

Cold snare polypectomy versus cold forceps polypectomy for diminutive and small colorectal polyps: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The optimal technique for removal of diminutive or small colorectal polyps is debatable.

Objective: To compare the complete resection rates of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) and cold forceps polypectomy (CFP) for the removal of adenomatous polyps ≤7 mm.

Design: Prospective randomized controlled study.

Diagnostic usefulness of real-time elastography for liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis B and C.

The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic usefulness of real-time elastography (RTE) for liver fibrosis in chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) and C (CHC). Fifty-one and thirty-two of the patients were diagnosed with CHB and CHC, respectively. Enrolled patients underwent liver biopsy and RTE.

Comparison of total and IgG ABO antibody titers in healthy individuals by using tube and column agglutination techniques.

Background: Most immune reactions related to transfusion and transplantation are caused by IgM ABO antibodies. However, IgG also plays an important role in these reactions. Therefore, a method to measure antibodies, including IgG, is necessary.

Overflow proteinuria as a manifestation of unrecognized polymyositis.

Polymyositis is a rare and gradually progressive autoimmune disease of skeletal muscle. Two main types of renal involvement have been described: acute tubular necrosis related to rhabdomyolysis and glomerulonephritis. However, cases of overflow proteinuria related to polymyositis have rarely been reported.

A comparative study of telomerase activity and cytologic diagnosis in malignant ascites.

Objective: To evaluate telomerase activity as an adjunct in the cytologic diagnosis of malignant ascites.

Study Design: Malignant ascites collected from 19 gastrointestinal or liver cancer patients with clinical or pathologic evidence of peritoneal metastasis were tested for routine cytology with a liquid-based preparation, and telomerase activity was measured by telomere-repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) and real-time quantitative TRAP (RTQ-TRAP) assays. For comparison, controls from peritoneal washings from 8 early gastric cancer patients were used.

Gastric adenocarcinoma of fundic gland type: report of three cases.

Recently, fundic gland type gastric adenocarcinoma (GA-FG) has been reported as a new entity. This report describes GA-FG among Koreans for the first time. From March 2008 to July 2010 we identified only three cases of GA-FG out of over 6,000 GAs resected by endoscopy or surgery.

Acute hypertensive pulmonary edema after Cesarean section in a patient with an antepartum myocardial infarction -A case report-.

We report a case of 29-year-old, morbidly obese, diabetic primigravida who had undergone previously primary percutaneous coronary intervention with stent placement for an inferior wall myocardial infarction at 10 weeks of gestation. She remained asymptomatic with medication during the remainder of her pregnancy, but preoperative echocardiography revealed left ventricular dilation and a restrictive diastolic dysfunction with a preserved ejection fraction (46%). She developed acute pulmonary edema associated with hypertension after an elective Cesarean delivery under continuous epidural anesthesia despite the meticulous restriction of fluid.

Calsenilin is degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.

Calsenilin, a neuronal calcium binding protein that has been shown to have multiple functions in the cell, interacts with presenilin 1 (PS1) and presenilin 2 (PS2), represses gene transcription and binds to A-type voltage-gated potassium channels. In addition, increased levels of calsenilin are observed in the brains of Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy patients. The present study was designed to investigate the molecular mechanism of calsenilin degradation pathways in cultured cells.

A comparison of infraclavicular and supraclavicular approaches to the brachial plexus using neurostimulation.

Background: A prospective, double blind study was performed to compare the clinical effect of vertical infraclavicular and supraclavicular brachial plexus block using a nerve stimulator for upper limb surgery.

Methods: One hundred patients receiving upper limb surgery under infraclavicular or supraclavicular brachial plexus block were enrolled in this study. The infraclavicular brachial plexus block was performed using the vertical technique with 30 ml of 0.