GNUV201, a novel human/mouse cross-reactive and low pH-selective anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody for cancer immunotherapy.

Background: Several PD-1 antibodies approved as anti-cancer therapies work by blocking the interaction of PD-1 with its ligand PD-L1, thus restoring anti-cancer T cell activities. These PD-1 antibodies lack inter-species cross-reactivity, necessitating surrogate antibodies for preclinical studies, which may limit the predictability and translatability of the studies.

Results: To overcome this limitation, we have developed an inter-species cross-reactive PD-1 antibody, GNUV201, by utilizing an enhanced diversity mouse platform (SHINE MOUSE™).

Use of thermally activated Fenton sludge for Cd removal in zinc smelter wastewater: Mechanism and feasibility of Cd removal.

Fenton sludge is a byproduct of the Fenton process that contains large amounts of Fe and Ca. Because of the secondary contamination generated during the disposal of this byproduct, ecofriendly treatment methods are needed. In this study, we used Fenton sludge to remove the Cd discharged from a zinc smelter factory, using thermal activation to enhance the Cd adsorption capacity.

Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the discrimination of Lacticaseibacillus species.

The closely related species, Lacticaseibacillus casei, L. paracasei, L. rhamnosus, L.

Novel approaches for the identification of microbial communities in kimchi: MALDI-TOF MS analysis and high-throughput sequencing.

Complex interactions occur within microbial communities during the fermentation process of kimchi. Identification of these microorganisms provides the essential information required to improve food quality and to understand their role in this process. This was the first study to compare two methods for accuracy in the identification of microbial community changes during the fermentation of kimchi by comparing a culture-dependent (MALDI-TOF MS analysis) and a culture-independent method (high-throughput sequencing) of 16S rRNA gene fragment).

Identification and Monitoring of Subspecies Using Pangenomic-Based Novel Genetic Markers.

Genetic markers currently used for the discrimination of subspecies have low efficiency for identification at subspecies level. Therefore, our objective in this study was to select novel genetic markers for accurate identification and discrimination of six subspecies based on pangenome analysis. We evaluated genomes to avoid making incorrect conclusions in the process of selecting genetic markers due to mislabeled genomes.

As(III) adsorption onto Fe-impregnated food waste biochar: experimental investigation, modeling, and optimization using response surface methodology.

Biochar derived from food waste was modified with Fe to enhance its adsorption capacity for As(III), which is the most toxic form of As. The synthesis of Fe-impregnated food waste biochar (Fe-FWB) was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the pyrolysis time (1.0, 2.

Novel real-time PCR assay for Lactobacillus casei group species using comparative genomics.

The Lactobacillus casei group, which includes the closely related species L. casei, L. paracasei, L.

Versatile activatable vSIRPα-probe for cancer-targeted imaging and macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of cancer cells.

Signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) engaged by CD47, that is overexpressed in a wide range of human solid tumors, serves as a 'Don't eat me' signal for phagocytic cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells. The SIRPα-CD47 interactions have recently attracted increasing attention in both cancer diagnosis and cancer immunotherapy. Herein, we designed and suggested a lysosomal enzyme-activatable vSIRPα-probe (vSIRPα-probe) capable of facilitating CD47-targeted cancer imaging and eliciting anti-cancer immune responses depending on phagocytosis as a versatile platform for potential cancer theranostic applications.

Neuroprotective effect of -derived polysaccharides in neuronal HT22 cell damage induced by hydrogen peroxide.

Crude extracts and phytochemical compounds derived from leaves have been demonstrated to exert neuroprotective effects. However, the neuroprotective effects of leaves-derived polysaccharide extracts (ALPs) have not been investigated. ALP treatment was shown to induce concentration-dependent antioxidant activity in HT22 cells, and to increase cell viability in HO-treated HT22 cells.

Neuroprotective effect of polysaccharide separated from Perilla frutescens Britton var. acuta Kudo against HO-induced oxidative stress in HT22 hippocampus cells.

This study was carried out to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of polysaccharide extracts isolated from Perilla frutescens (PEPF) in HO-treated HT22 hippocampus cells. The PEPF treatment was found to increase the anti-oxidant activities of HT22 hippocampus cells. PEPF treatment resulted in a significant protection of HT22 hippocampus cells against HO-induced neurotoxicity, this protection ultimately occurred through an inhibition of ROS-mediated intracellular Ca levels leading to MAPKs and NF-κB, as well as the accumulation of PI3K/AKT and Nrf2-mediated HO-1/NQO1 pathways.

Pelvic artery embolization in the management of pelvic arterial bleeding following midurethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence.

The transobturator tape (TOT) method is the recent minimally invasive midurethral sling surgery. The TOT method was invented to reduce complication rate of surgical technique for female stress urinary incontinence. Pelvic bleeding following TOT procedure, although extremely rare, could be occurred.

Awareness and experience of menopausal symptom and hormone therapy in korean postmenopausal women.

Objectives: To investigate awareness and experience of menopausal symptom and hormone therapy in Korean postmenopausal women.

Methods: A total of 570 postmenopausal women were accepted our survey. The women filled out the questionnaires composed of medical and surgical history, menopausal age and symptom, demand of treatment on menopausal symptom, and personal method for overcoming the symptom.

Gene cloning and characterization of MdeA, a novel multidrug efflux pump in Streptococcus mutans.

Multidrug resistance, especially multidrug efflux mechanisms that extrude structurally unrelated cytotoxic compounds from the cell by multidrug transporters, is a serious problem and one of the main reasons for the failure of therapeutic treatment of infections by pathogenic microorganisms as well as of cancer cells. Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the primary causative agents of dental caries and periodontal disease, which comprise the most common oral diseases. A fragment of chromosomal DNA from S.

Functional analyses of individual mating-type transcripts at MAT loci in Fusarium graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum.

Members of the Fusarium graminearum species (Fg) complex, which are homothallic ascomycetous species, carry two opposite mating-type (MAT) loci in a single nucleus for controlling sexual development. We investigated the roles of three (MAT1-1-1, MAT1-1-2, and MAT1-1-3) and two (MAT1-2-1 and MAT1-2-3) transcripts located at both loci in representative Fg complex species (F. graminearum and Fusarium asiaticum).

A split luciferase complementation assay for studying in vivo protein-protein interactions in filamentous ascomycetes.

Protein-protein interactions play important roles in controlling many cellular events. To date, several techniques have been developed for detection of protein-protein interactions in living cells, among which split luciferase complementation has been applied in animal and plant cells. Here, we examined whether the split luciferase assay could be used in filamentous ascomycetes, such as Gibberella zeae and Cochliobolus heterostrophus.