Regioselective Arylation of Amidoaryne Precursors via Ag-Mediated Intramolecular Oxy-Argentation.

An unprecedented silver-mediated intramolecular oxy-argentation of 3-amidoaryne precursors that quickly generates a heteroarylsilver species is developed. AgF acts as both a stoichiometric fluoride source and a reagent for the formation of a benzoxazolylsilver intermediate via aryne generation. Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions of (hetero)aryl iodides with a silver species, generated in situ, allow for the synthesis of various C7-arylated benzoxazoles.

Incidence of Cholangiocarcinoma with or without Previous Resection of Liver for Hepatolithiasis.

Background/aims: To investigate the incidence of cholangiocarcinoma in patients with hepatolithiasis with or without previous resection of liver.

Methods: From 2002 to 2009, we retrospectively reviewed 117 patients who were diagnosed and treated for hepatolithiasis in Korea University Guro Hospital. Among the 117 patients, 55 patients who were lost during follow-up were excluded, and 62 patients were eligible for analysis.

Effects of the temporary placement of a self-expandable metallic stent in benign pyloric stenosis.

Background/aims: The use of self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) is an established palliative treatment for malignant stenosis in the gastrointestinal tract; therefore, its application to benign stenosis is expected to be beneficial because of the more gradual and sustained dilatation in the stenotic portion. We aimed in this prospective observational study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of temporary SEMS placement in benign pyloric stenosis.

Methods: Twenty-two patients with benign stenosis of the prepylorus, pylorus, and duodenal bulb were enrolled and underwent SEMS placement.

Comparative intraocular penetration of 4 fluoroquinolones after topical instillation.

Purpose: To compare the intraocular penetration of 4 fluoroquinolone eye drops after topical instillation into rabbit eyes.

Methods: The tested drugs were levofloxacin 1.5% (LVFX), gatifloxacin 0.

Effect of fibrin glue as an adjuvant to hang-back surgery.

Background: The hang-back surgery is a useful technique in the field of strabismus surgery. The aim of this study is to determine the stabilizing effects of fibrin glue as an adjuvant to hang-back surgery.

Materials And Methods: Four (4)-mm hang-back recessions of the superior rectus muscle was performed in 32 eyes of 16 rabbits.

Exosomes from breast cancer cells can convert adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into myofibroblast-like cells.

Exosomes are small membrane vesicles secreted into the extracellular environment by various types of cells, including tumor cells. Exosomes are enriched with a discrete set of cellular proteins, and therefore expected to exert diverse biological functions according to cell origin. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the potential for differentiation into multilineages and can also function as precursors for tumor stroma including myofibroblast that provides a favorable environment for tumor progression.

Exosomes from ovarian cancer cells induce adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells to acquire the physical and functional characteristics of tumor-supporting myofibroblasts.

Objective: Most tumor tissue is composed of parenchymal tumor cells and tumor stroma. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can function as precursors for tumor stromal cells, including myofibroblasts, which provide a favorable environment for tumor progression. A close relationship between tumor cells and MSCs in a tumor microenvironment has been described.

Endovascular management for isolated spontaneous dissection of the superior mesenteric artery: report of two cases and literature review.

The clinical course and treatment strategies of isolated superior mesenteric artery (SMA) dissection have not been fully investigated. Two cases of uncontrolled abdominal pain caused by isolated SMA dissection were successfully treated with percutaneous endovascular stent placement. At follow-up 6 months later, computed tomography confirmed that the lesions had stabilized.

Cell cycle regulators are critical for maintaining the differentiation potential and immaturity in adipogenesis of adipose-derived stem cells.

A single cell division is governed by the catalytic reactions of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Stem cells are unique in that they can differentiate into tissue-specific cell types (lineage commitment) during cell division (self-renewal). In this study, we analyzed changes in the differentiation potency of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) according to the number of spontaneous cell divisions.

MicroRNA expression profiling in neurogenesis of adipose tissue-derived stem cells.

Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are one population of adult stem cells that can self renew and differentiate into multiple lineages. Because of advantages in method and quantity of acquisition, ADSCs are gaining attention as an alternative source of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, we performed microRNA profiling of undifferentiated and of neurally-differentiated ADSCs to identify the responsible microRNAs in neurogenesis using this type of stem cell.

Hyperthermia-treated mesenchymal stem cells exert antitumor effects on human carcinoma cell line.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the potential for differentiation into multilineages. MSCs have been reported to play a role as precursors for tumor stroma in providing a favorable environment for tumor progression. Hyperthermia destroys cancer cells by raising the temperature of tumor-loaded tissue to 40 degrees C to 43 degrees C and causes indirect sensitizing effects when combined with chemo- and/or radiotherapy.