A Novel Approach to Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Local FK-506 Delivery Using a Reservoir Flap Model.

Purpose: Peripheral nerve injuries can lead to lasting functional impairments, impacting movement and quality of life. FK-506, a widely used immunosuppressant, has demonstrated potential in promoting nerve regeneration in addition to its immunosuppressive effects. This study investigates the use of a local reservoir flap to deliver FK-506 directly to the nerve injury site, aiming to enhance nerve regeneration while minimizing systemic immunosuppression.

Optimizing Data-Centric Healthcare: A Novel Monitoring Framework for High-Risk General Ward Patients.

The digital transformation of healthcare in South Korea, accelerated by COVID-19, has led to increased focus on critically ill patients in large hospitals. To address this, a monitoring system was developed to ensure safe inpatient treatment and improve staff efficiency. This aligns with the Medical Data-Centric Hospitals initiative, which leverages data for healthcare innovation.

One-Year Results of Ear Reconstruction with 3D Printed Implants.

Purpose: External ear reconstruction has been a challenging subject for plastic surgeons for decades. Popular methods using autologous costal cartilage or polyethylene still have their drawbacks. With the advance of three-dimensional (3D) printing technique, bioscaffold engineering using synthetic polymer draws attention as an alternative.

Polymers from Plant Oils Linked by Siloxane Bonds for Programmed Depolymerization.

The increased production of plastics is leading to the accumulation of plastic waste and depletion of limited fossil fuel resources. In this context, we report a strategy to create polymers that can undergo controlled depolymerization by linking renewable feedstocks with siloxane bonds. α,ω-Diesters and α,ω-diols containing siloxane bonds were synthesized from an alkenoic ester derived from castor oil and then polymerized with varied monomers, including related biobased monomers.

Drug Response of Patient-Derived Lung Cancer Cells Predicts Clinical Outcomes of Targeted Therapy.

Intratumor heterogeneity leads to different responses to targeted therapies, even within patients whose tumors harbor identical driver oncogenes. This study examined clinical outcomes according to a patient-derived cell (PDC)-based drug sensitivity test in lung cancer patients treated with targeted therapies. From 487 lung cancers, 397 PDCs were established with a success rate of 82%.

Molecular Subtypes and Tumor Microenvironment Characteristics of Small-Cell Lung Cancer Associated with Platinum-Resistance.

Although molecular subtypes of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have been proposed, their clinical relevance and therapeutic implications are not fully understood. Thus, we aimed to refine molecular subtypes and to uncover therapeutic targets. We classified the subtypes based on gene expression ( = 81) and validated them in our samples ( = 87).

Single targeting of MET in EGFR-mutated and MET-amplified non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: In EGFR-mutant and MET-amplified lung cancer resistant to EGFR inhibitors, double blockade of EGFR and MET is considered as a reasonable strategy despite increasing toxicity. This study evaluated the single MET inhibition in these specific tumours.

Methods: We investigated the efficacy of a single MET inhibitor in EGFR-mutant, MET-amplified lung cancer cells (HCC827GR) and the matched clinical cases and patient-derived cells.

Patient-derived cell-based pharmacogenomic assessment to unveil underlying resistance mechanisms and novel therapeutics for advanced lung cancer.

Background: A pharmacogenomic platform using patient-derived cells (PDCs) was established to identify the underlying resistance mechanisms and tailored treatment for patients with advanced or refractory lung cancer.

Methods: Drug sensitivity screening and multi-omics datasets were acquired from lung cancer PDCs (n = 102). Integrative analysis was performed to explore drug candidates according to genetic variants, gene expression, and clinical profiles.

Establishment of a human embryonic stem cell line, WAe009-A-99, with constitutive expression of the dCas9-p300 fusion protein.

CRISPR/Cas9-based transcriptional regulation systems can induce the site-specific activation or repression of endogenous genes. p300 is a transcriptional co-activator that functions as a histone acetyltransferase that regulates gene transcription via chromatin remodeling. Here, we generated a human embryonic stem cell line stably expressing catalytically dead Cas9 (dCas9) fused to the catalytic core domain of human p300 via lentiviral transduction.

MYC amplification-conferred primary resistance to capmatinib in a -amplified NSCLC patient: a case report.

Background: Capmatinib, a potent and selective mesenchymalepithelial transition factor (MET) inhibitor, is an effective treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with exon 14 skipping mutations or gene amplification. However, the mechanisms that confer resistance to capmatinib remain elusive. Here, we present a case of primary resistance to capmatinib in a -amplified NSCLC patient which was conferred by concurrent amplification.

Development of human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic organoids as an alternative model for drug safety assessment.

Human in vitro hepatic models that faithfully recapitulate liver function are essential for successful basic and translational research. A limitation of current in vitro models, which are extensively used for drug discovery and toxicity testing, is the loss of drug metabolic function due to the low expression and activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes. Here, we aimed to generate human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic organoids (hHOs) with a high drug metabolic ability.

Stem cell behaviors on periodic arrays of nanopillars analyzed by high-resolution scanning electron microscope images.

The biocompatible polyurethane acrylate (PUA) nanopillars were fabricated by soft lithography using three different sizes of nanobeads (350, 500, and 1000 nm), and the human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) were cultured on the nanopillars. The hASCs and their various behaviors, such as cytoplasmic projections, migration, and morphology, were observed by high resolution images using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). With the accurate analysis by SEM for the controlled sizes of nanopillars, the deflections are observed at pillars fabricated with 350- and 500-nm nanobeads.

Tissue-Adhesive Chondroitin Sulfate Hydrogel for Cartilage Reconstruction.

Chondroitin sulfate (CS), the main component of cartilage extracellular matrix, has attracted attention as a biomaterial for cartilage tissue engineering. However, current CS hydrogel systems still have limitations for application in successful cartilage tissue engineering owing to their unsuitable degradation kinetics, insufficient mechanical similarity, and lack of integration with the native cartilage tissue. In this study, using mussel adhesive-inspired catechol chemistry, we developed a functional CS hydrogel that exhibits tunable physical and mechanical properties as well as excellent tissue adhesion for efficient integration with native tissues.

Spectroscopy and excited state dynamics of nearly infinite polyenes.

Steady-state and transient absorption spectra with <50 fs time resolution were obtained for two conjugated polymers, both with ≈200 conjugated double bonds (N), constrained in planar, stable, polyene frameworks. Solutions of the polymers exhibit the same S2 → S1 → S* → S0 decay pathway observed for the N = 11-19 polyene oligomers and for zeaxanthin homologues with N = 11-23. Comparisons with the excited state dynamics of polydiactylene and a much longer, more disordered polyene polymer (poly(DEDPM)) show that the S2, S1, and S* lifetimes of the four polymers are almost identical.

In vitro characterization of osteoblast cells on polyelectrolyte multilayers containing detonation nanodiamonds.

Nanoparticle-enhanced coatings of bone implants are a promising method to facilitate sustainable wound healing, leading to an increase in patient well-being. This article describes the in vitro characterization of osteoblast cells interacting with polyelectrolyte multilayers, which contain detonation nanodiamonds (NDs), as a novel class of carbon-based coating material, which presents a unique combination of photoluminescence and drug-binding properties. The cationic polyelectrolyte, namely polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA), has been used to immobilize NDs on silica glass.

Quantitative Correlation of Nanotopography with Cell Spreading via Focal Adhesions Using Adipose-Derived Stem Cells.

Nanotopography mimicking extracellular environments reportedly impact cell morphological changes; however, elucidating this relationship has been challenging. To control cellular responses using nanostructures, in this study, the quantitative relationship between nanotopography and cell spreading mediated by focal adhesions (FAs) is demonstrated using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). The spreading of ASCs and area of FAs are analyzed for the distribution of filamentous actin and vinculin, respectively, using fluorescent images.

Live-cell screening platform using human-induced pluripotent stem cells expressing fluorescence-tagged cytochrome P450 1A1.

Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are invaluable sources for drug screening and toxicity tests because of their differentiation potential and proliferative capacity. Recently, the CRISPR-Cas9-mediated homologous recombination system has enabled reporter knock-ins at desired loci in hiPSCs, and here, we generated a hiPSC reporter line expressing mCherry-tagged cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), which can be utilized to screen for the modulators of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in live cells. CYP1A1-mCherry hiPSCs exhibited typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells such as marker expression, differentiation potential, and normal karyotype.

Survival factor SvfA plays multiple roles in differentiation and is essential for completion of sexual development in Aspergillus nidulans.

The first member of the velvet family of proteins, VeA, regulates sexual development and secondary metabolism in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans. In our study, through comparative proteome analysis using wild type and veA-deletion strains, new putative regulators of sexual development were identified and functionally analyzed. Among these, SvfA, containing a yeast survival factor 1 domain, plays multiple roles in the growth and differentiation of A.

Sustained Release of Decoy Wnt Receptor (sLRP6E1E2)-Expressing Adenovirus Using Gel-Encapsulation for Scar Remodeling in Pig Model.

An adenoviral vector (Ad) expressing a Wnt decoy receptor (sLRP6E1E2) is known to induce an anti-fibrotic effect by inhibiting Wnt signaling. We evaluated its effects in vivo using pig models and attempted to introduce an alginate gel-matrix system to prolong the effect of the Ad. Transduction efficiency as to the biological activity of Ad in different forms was evaluated.

EI24, as a Component of Autophagy, Is Involved in Pancreatic Cell Proliferation.

Autophagy is a highly conserved cellular process in which cytoplasmic materials are degraded and recycled as energy sources when nutrient supplies are lacking. Established tumor cells require autophagy for cell growth and tumor promotion. In particular, the survival of pancreatic tumor cells appears to be strongly dependent on autophagy, referred to as autophagy addiction.

The effect of combination therapy on critical-size bone defects using non-activated platelet-rich plasma and adipose-derived stem cells.

Purpose: Non-activated platelet-rich plasma (nPRP) slowly releases growth factors that induce bone regeneration. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) are also known to induce osteoblast differentiation. In this study, we investigated the combined effect of nPRP and ASC treatment compared with single therapy on bone regeneration.

In vitro antibacterial and early stage biofilm inhibitory potential of an edible chitosan and its phenolic conjugates against and .

In the present study, the antibacterial potential of chitosan grafted with phenolics (CPCs) such as caffeic acid (CCA), ferulic (CFA), and sinapic acid (CSA) were evaluated against foodborne pathogens like (PA) and (LM). The geometric means of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC range 0.05-0.

Scaffold Free Bone Regeneration Using Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Calvarial Defect Model.

Bone regeneration is a complex process influenced by various physiological factors. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains many growth factors and has shown osteogenic effects. The PRP is usually activated before use.

Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on the Survival of Rabbit Ear Composite Grafts.

Background: Composite grafts are frequently used for facial reconstruction. However, the unpredictability of the results and difficulties with large defects are disadvantages. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) express several cytokines, and increase the survival of random flaps and fat grafts owing to their angiogenic potential.