Protective Immunity against in Rats, Provided by HCl- and NaOH-Induced Bacterial Ghosts (LMGs) as Vaccine Candidates.

() bacterial ghosts (LMGs) were produced by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HCl, HSO, and NaOH. Acid and alkali effects on the LMGs were compared by in vitro and in vivo analyses. Scanning electron microscope showed that all chemicals form lysis pores on the cell envelopes.

Development of a Kit for Rapid Immunochromatographic Detection of Sacbrood Virus Infecting (AcSBV) Based on Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies Raised against Recombinant VP1 and VP2 Expressed in .

A Korean isolate of the sacbrood virus infecting (AcSBV-Kor) is the most destructive honeybee virus, causing serious economic damage losses in Korean apiculture. To address this, here, we attempted to develop an assay for the rapid detection of AcSBV-Kor based on immunochromatographic detection of constituent viral proteins. Genes encoding VP1 and VP2 proteins of AcSBV-Kor were cloned into an expression vector (pET-28a) and expressed in BL21(DE3).

Corrigendum: Inflammatory Cytokine Expressions of the Subacromial Bursitis and Glenohumeral Joint Synovitis in the Patients with Full Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear.

[This corrects the article on p. 172 in vol. 14.

Does medial support decrease major complications of unstable proximal humerus fractures treated with locking plate?

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of medial support and clinical factors responsible on outcomes and major complications associated with treatment of unstable proximal humerus fractures using a locking plate and suture augmentation.

Methods: Sixty-three cases in 62 patients (42 female, 20 male) were evaluated between September 2004 and October 2008. Cases were divided into either a medial support group (36 cases) or non-medial support group (27 cases).

Outcomes of proximal chevron osteotomy for moderate versus severe hallux valgus deformities.

Background: Proximal chevron osteotomy with a distal soft tissue procedure has been widely used to treat moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities. However, there have been no studies comparing the results of proximal chevron osteotomy between patients with moderate and severe hallux valgus. We compared the results of this procedure among these groups.

Topical embryonic stem cells enhance wound healing in diabetic rats.

The effects of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) on diabetic wound healing were investigated using an excisional skin wound model in 110 diabetes-induced rats. We transplanted a clonal population of ESCs (5 × 10(6)) by topical injection into full thickness skin wounds. Four study groups were used; nondiabetic rats as a control, non-insulin controlled diabetic rats not treated with ESCs, insulin controlled diabetic rats not treated with ESCs, and insulin controlled diabetic rats treated with ESCs.

Patient-related factors and complications after arthroscopic tenotomy of the long head of the biceps tendon.

Background: Tenotomy of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) has been reported to provide reliable pain relief and require little postoperative rehabilitation. Complications such as cosmetic deformity, decrease in elbow flexion strength, decrease in supination strength, and fatigue discomfort have been reported after tenotomy of the LHBT.

Purpose: To evaluate the complications of arthroscopic tenotomy of the LHBT in the shoulder-specifically, cosmetic deformity, decreased elbow flexion strength, and a cramplike arm pain-and to identify the patient-related factors that affect the rate of complications after tenotomy, such as, age, sex, involvement of the dominant arm, and body mass index (BMI).

Comparison of the outcomes of distraction osteogenesis for first and fourth brachymetatarsia.

Background: Brachymetatarsia is the presence of an abnormally short metatarsal, and distraction osteogenesis has been used for its treatment. The purpose of the present study was to compare the outcomes of patients who underwent distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of first and/or fourth brachymetatarsia.

Methods: The data from forty-eight patients (sixty-four feet, seventy-four metatarsals) who underwent distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of brachymetatarsia were reviewed.

Prospective evaluation of the effectiveness of a home-based program of isometric strengthening exercises: 12-month follow-up.

Background: The aim of this prospective randomized clinical trial was to investigate the efficacy of a home-based program of isometric strengthening exercises for the treatment of the lateral epicondylitis (LE) of the distal humerus. We hypothesized that 1) use of isometric strengthening exercises would result in clinical benefits similar to those provided by medication and pain relief and 2) functional improvements after exercise would be time-dependent.

Methods: Patients were assigned to one of two groups: 1) an immediate physical therapy group (group I), or 2) a delayed physical therapy group (group D).

How to avoid complications of distraction osteogenesis for first brachymetatarsia.

Background And Purpose: Distraction osteogenesis may be used for the treatment of brachymetatarsia. However, few reports have been published on first metatarsal lengthening by this method. We evaluated the complications of distraction osteogenesis for first brachymetatarsia and here we provide a solution.

Modified step-cut medial malleolar osteotomy for osteochondral grafting of the talus.

Background: Osteochondral grafting for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) usually requires a medial malleolar osteotomy (MMO) to achieve adequate intraarticular exposure. This study describes the technique used and the results obtained using a modified step-cut MMO for osteochondral grafting of talar dome lesions.

Materials And Method: Eleven feet in ten patients underwent modified step-cut MMO prior to osteochondral grafting for OLT.

Outcome of proximal chevron osteotomy for hallux valgus with and without transverse Kirschner wire fixation.

Background: Proximal chevron osteotomy (PCO) for hallux valgus is inherently more stable than the other forms of proximal metatarsal osteotomy, but complications, such as, delayed union, nonunion, and malunion can occur. In this study, we have compared results of two axial Kirschner wire fixation with or without transverse Kirschner wires in PCO for moderate to severe hallux valgus deformities.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 65 patients (85 feet) that underwent PCO and a distal soft tissue procedure for moderate to severe hallux valgus.

Surgical treatment of pseudosyndactyly of children with epidermolysis bullosa: a case report.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is an uncommon and severe disorder characterised by trauma-induced blisters, intractable skin ulcers, scarring, milia, and nail dystrophy. We report the good result of both surgical release of fingers allowing spontaneous epithelisation without skin grafting and post-operative meticulous skin care without splinting, followed-up for one year.

Winged scapula caused by rhomboideus and trapezius muscles rupture associated with repetitive minor trauma: a case report.

We experienced a rare case of winged scapula that was caused by the rupture of the rhomboideus major and the lower trapezius muscles without any nerve injury in a 12 yr old female after she had carried a heavy backpack. Electrodiagnostic study revealed that the onset latencies, amplitudes and conduction velocities were normal in the long thoracic nerve, the spinal accessory nerve and the dorsal scapular nerve. The needle EMG findings were normal as well.

Deformity of the femoral head following vascular infarct in piglets.

Background: In Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), 4 major patterns (coxa plana, coxa magna, coxa vara, subluxation) of the femoral head are commonly observed. However, direct observation of pathological specimens is rarely possible. An animal model of LCPD may clarify the pathogenesis of femoral head deformity.

Expression and significance of TGF-beta isoform and VEGF in osteosarcoma.

This article demonstrates that the degree of VEG expression could be used as a clinically signific prognostic factor in osteosarcoma.

Developmental pattern of femoral shortening following devascularization of the capital femoral epiphysis in piglets.

To investigate the developmental pattern of femoral shortening in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, the authors made an experimental model of the disease in piglets by devascularizing the capital femoral epiphysis and following the piglets to skeletal maturity. The discrepancy first increased in the postoperative 0 to 8 weeks (1.2-1.

Residual shortening after Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, focusing on the response of the ipsilateral tibia.

Residual shortening of the affected limb was measured at skeletal maturity by teleoroentgenograms in 68 patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD); special attention was paid to the length of the ipsilateral tibia. Of these 68 patients, 38 were treated by abduction orthosis (AO) and 30 by femoral varus osteotomy (FVO). Residual shortening in AO group was significantly greater than that in FVO group.

Why does outer joint motion predominate in bipolar hip prosthesis? Experimental and clinical studies.

Background: Theoretically, the motion of a bipolar hip prosthesis is most likely to occur at the inner joint if the frictional coefficients are equal at both surfaces. However, many studies have suggested that most motion occurs at the outer joint.

Material And Methods: We performed an analysis of motion in a cadaveric bone model and in 50 patients during fluoroscopic examination, to determine how the motion is distributed between the two joints and what factors contribute to this distribution.

The correlation between coxa magna and final outcome in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease.

This study evaluated the final outcome of coxa magna that developed as a sequela of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. The final outcomes at skeletal maturity were assessed by the Stulberg classification in 85 children with unilateral Perthes disease. Among them, 21 children had a bilateral arthrogram at the active stage of the disease, and the arthrogram measurements were compared with those measured at disease healing and at skeletal maturity.

Dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris: Meyer dysplasia.

The clinical importance of dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris (Meyer dysplasia) is that it is easily mistaken for Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, leading to unnecessary diagnostic procedures and treatments. After a review of 578 children (619 hips) with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, 17 children (27 hips) in whom both the clinical and radiologic pattern was obviously different could be found and a diagnosis of dysplasia epiphysealis capitis femoris was finally made. The mean age was 2.

The effects of subluxation of the femoral head with avascular necrosis in growing rabbits.

To validate the adverse effects of subluxation of the femoral head in Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, the authors made an experimental model of Perthes disease with subluxation in growing rabbits by interrupting the epiphyseal artery (devascularization) and immobilizing the knee in extension (immobilization). Seventy-two rabbits, 4 to 5 weeks old, were divided into three groups: group A with both devascularization and immobilization (25 rabbits), group B with devascularization only (25 rabbits), and group C with immobilization only (22 rabbits). In each experimental group, four to six rabbits each were killed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks.

Subcutaneous emphysema mimicking gas gangrene following perforation of the rectum: a case report.

We report a case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the lower extremity mimicking gas gangrene following perforation of the rectum in a 38-yr-old man. Subcutaneous emphysema of the leg may rarely occur secondary to perforation of the gastrointestinal tract and has often created serious diagnostic problems and high mortality rates. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment is imperative.

Failure of osteointegration of hamstring tendon autograft after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is completed after implantation, when the graft material used undergoes extensive biologic remodelling and osteointegration. Failure of the osteointegration between the graft tendon and bone decreases the graft strength and induces anterior instability. We experienced 2 cases of failed osteointegration between tendon and bone after ACL reconstruction using 4 strands of the hamstring tendon.