Two germ granule eIF4E isoforms reside in different mRNPs to hand off mRNAs from translational repression to activation.

We studied the function of translation factor eIF4E isoforms in regulating mRNAs in germ cell granules/condensates. Translational control of mRNAs plays an essential role in germ cell gene regulation. Messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes assemble on mRNAs as they move from the nucleus into perinuclear germ granules to exert both positive and negative post-transcriptional regulation in the cytoplasm.

Use of budget savings from patent expiration of cancer drugs to improve affordability and accessibility.

Background: The introduction of generics after the loss of patent exclusivity plays a major role in budget savings by significantly decreasing drug prices. The aims of this study were to estimate the budget savings from off-patent cancer drugs in 2020-2024 and to inform decision makers on how these savings could be used to improve the affordability of innovative cancer treatments in South Korea.

Methods: A model was developed to calculate budget savings from off-patent cancer drug use in Korea over 5 years (2020-2024).

The associations between insomnia and health-related quality of life in rehabilitation units at 1month after stroke.

Objective: The principal objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between insomnia and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the early stage of stroke rehabilitation.

Methods: The subjects were 214 first-time stroke patients admitted to a rehabilitation unit at one of three Korean hospitals. Within 7days after stroke, functions were evaluated using; the Berg Balance Scale, the Modified Barthel Index, the Mini Mental State Examination, the Frontal Assessment Battery, Screening Tests for Aphasia and Neurologic-Communication Disorders, and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale.

The Effect of Sleep Disturbances on the Functional Recovery of Rehabilitation Inpatients Following Mild and Moderate Stroke.

Objective: The aim of the study was to explore the impact of insomnia and sleep disturbance on the functional outcomes of mild and moderated stroke.

Design: A multicenter-observational and correlation study was performed. Two hundred eighty patients with mild-moderate severity stroke admitted to three acute hospitals rehabilitation departments.

Space maintenance in autogenous fresh demineralized tooth blocks with platelet-rich plasma for maxillary sinus bone formation: a prospective study.

This prospective study evaluated the effectiveness of autogenous fresh demineralized tooth block (Auto-FDT block) with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for maxillary sinus augmentation with simultaneous implant installation. Auto-FDT block with PRP was used in Group 1 (n = 15) and combined graft (allograft and xenograft) powder with PRP was used in Group 2 (n = 15). For up to 2 years after the final prosthesis was installed, clinical and radiographic examinations were performed to evaluate the amount of graft materials, residual alveolar height (RAH), sinus height (SH) after grafting, augmented graft height (AGH) and resorption height (RH).

Cudrania tricuspidata Stem Extract Induces Apoptosis via the Extrinsic Pathway in SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells.

The focus of this study is the anti-cancer effects of Cudrania tricuspidata stem (CTS) extract on cervical cancer cells. The effect of CTS on cell viability was investigated in HPV-positive cervical cancer cells and HaCaT human normal keratinocytes. CTS showed significant dose-dependent cytotoxic effects in cervical cancer cells.

Various autogenous fresh demineralized tooth forms for alveolar socket preservation in anterior tooth extraction sites: a series of 4 cases.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of autogenous fresh demineralized tooth (Auto-FDT) prepared at chairside immediately after extraction for socket preservation. Teeth were processed to graft materials in block, chip, or powder types immediately after extraction. Extraction sockets were filled with these materials and dental implants were installed immediately or after a delay.

Demineralized deciduous tooth as a source of bone graft material: its biological and physicochemical characteristics.

Objective: To examine structural and physicochemical characteristics of demineralized deciduous tooth powder (DDTP) in relation to demineralization time and to present potential of using DDTP as a bone graft material.

Study Design: For structural and physicochemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis were performed. In in vivo experiments, DDTP was grafted in 20 Sprague-Dawley rats' calvarial defects, and radiographic and histologic examination and histomorphometric analysis were performed.

An alternative treatment option for a bony defect from large odontoma using recycled demineralization at chairside.

Odontoma is the most common odontogenic benign tumor, and the treatment of choice is generally surgical removal. After excision, bone grafts may be necessary depending on the need for further treatment, or the size and location of the odontoma. Although the osteogenic capacity of a demineralized tooth was verified as early as 1967 by Urist and many other investigators, the cumbersome procedure, including a long demineralization time, may be less than comfortable for clinicians.

Vertical Augmentation of Maxillary Posterior Alveolar Ridge Using Allogenic Block Bone Graft and Simultaneous Maxillary Sinus Graft.

The maxillary posterior area is the most challenging site for the dental implant. Although the sinus graft is a predictable and successful technique for rehabilitation of atrophic and pneumatized posterior maxilla, when there is severe destruction of alveolar bone, a very long crown length remains challenging after successful dental implants installation with sinus graft. We performed vertical augmentation of the maxillary posterior alveolar ridge using the allogenic block bone graft with a simultaneous sinus graft using allogenic and heterogenic bone chips.

Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy Studies on Processed Tooth Graft Material by Vacuum-ultrasonic Acceleration.

Purpose: The current gold standard for clinical jawbone formation involves autogenous bone as a graft material. In addition, demineralized dentin can be an effective graft material. Although demineralized dentin readily induces heterotopic bone formation, conventional decalcification takes three to five days, so, immediate bone grafting after extraction is impossible.

Modulating the rigidity and mineralization of collagen gels using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles.

Extensive efforts have been made to prepare osteoconductive collagen gels for the regeneration of normal bone and the pathological examination of diseased bone; however, collagen gels are often plagued by limited controllability of their rigidity and mineral deposition. This study reports a simple but efficient strategy that tunes the mechanical properties of, and apatite formation in, collagen gels by incorporating hydrolyzable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles within the gels. The PLGA microparticles are associated with the collagen fibrils and increased both the gel's elasticity and rigidity while minimally influencing its permeability.

Reamer-mediated transalveolar sinus floor elevation without osteotome and simultaneous implant placement in the maxillary molar area: clinical outcomes of 391 implants in 380 patients.

Objectives: Minimally invasive sinus elevation and augmentation using a transalveolar approach can reduce perioperative complications and patient discomfort. A specially designed reamer accomplishes this without the use of an osteotome or a mallet. The objective of this study is to present this technique with relevant clinical cases and patient outcomes.

Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in bovine endometrium with endometritis.

Endometritis is one of the primary reasons for reproductive failure. In order to investigate endometritis-associated marker proteins, proteomic analysis was performed on bovine endometrium with endometritis. In bovine endometritis, desmin, α-actin-2, heat-shock protein (HSP) 27, peroxiredoxin-6, luteinizing hormone receptor isoform 1, collectin-43 precursor, deoxyribonuclease-I (DNase-I), and MHC class I heavy chain (MHC-Ih) were up-regulated.

Platelet-rich fibrin is a Bioscaffold and reservoir of growth factors for tissue regeneration.

The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is known as a rich source of autologous cytokines and growth factors and universally used for tissue regeneration in current clinical medicine. However, the microstructure of PRF has not been fully investigated nor have been studied the key molecules that differ PRF from platelet-rich plasma. We fabricated PRF under Choukroun's protocol and produced its extract (PRFe) by freezing at -80°C.

Immediate loading as a vehicle for interdisciplinary training in implant placement and restoration.

Recently, implant surgery has been introduced into postdoctoral prosthodontic programs; however, efficient training models to teach this have not been described to date. For training models to be effective and acceptable to all parties, a mutually beneficial situation must be created, and guidelines that can be followed easily need to be described. The purpose of this report is to suggest immediate loading of dental implants as an example for an interdisciplinary training model that integrates both the surgical aspects of implant therapy into the education of prosthodontic graduate students and the prosthodontic aspects of implant therapy into the training of periodontal graduate students.

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum.

A dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the retroperitoneum is an extremely rare tumor. A 51-year old man was admitted to our department because a retroperitoneal mass was seen on abdominal computed tomography at another hospital. Computed tomography of the abdomen and magnetic resonance imaging showed a large pelvic mass located in the right hemipelvis, and it was pushing the right ureter and invading the right kidney, duodenum, colon and inferior vena cava.

Healing of rabbit calvarial bone defects using biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics made of submicron-sized grains with a hierarchical pore structure.

Objectives: This study investigated the efficacy of new bone graft substitutes - biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) made of submicron-sized grains with fully interconnected wide-range micron-scale pores in two different macrodesigns: donut shaped with a 300-400 microm central macropore (n-BCP-1) or rod-shaped (n-BCP-2)--in the healing of rabbit calvarial defects, and compared their bone-healing properties with those of various commercial bone substitutes, which included substitutes with similar BCP composition (MBCP and Osteon), anorganic bovine bone (Bio-Oss), and beta-TCP (Cerasorb).

Material And Methods: The surface morphology of the bone substitutes was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Defects 8 mm in diameter were created in the calvaria of 30 adult male New Zealand White rabbits and were filled with six types of bone substitutes.

Material-based deployment enhances efficacy of endothelial progenitor cells.

Cell-based therapies are attractive for revascularizing and regenerating tissues and organs, but clinical trials of endothelial progenitor cell transplantation have not resulted in consistent benefit. We propose a different approach in which a material delivery system is used to create a depot of vascular progenitor cells in vivo that exit over time to repopulate the damaged tissue and participate in regeneration of a vascular network. Microenvironmental conditions sufficient to maintain the viability and outward migration of outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs) have been delineated, and a material incorporating these signals improved engraftment of transplanted cells in ischemic murine hindlimb musculature, and increased blood vessel densities from 260 to 670 vessels per mm(2), compared with direct cell injection.

Isolation and characterization of postnatal stem cells from human dental tissues.

It was reported that postnatal stem cells are present in adult tissues such as bone marrow, liver, muscle, dental pulp, and periodontal ligament. We isolated postnatal stem cells from human dental tissues such as dental pulp (DPSC), periodontal ligament (PDLSC), periapical follicle (PAFSC), and the surrounding mandibular bone marrow (MBMSC) to ascertain their properties. Immunocytochemistry proved the existence of stem cells in these cell populations using STRO-1 as a stem cell marker.

[Effects of biophysical index, knowledge, and self management compliance of patients with primary hypertension by a self management compliance promotion program].

Purpose: This study was to develop and prove the effects of a self management compliance promotion program for primary hypertension patients who reside in rural communities.

Method: The content of the self management compliance promotion program developed by this study was as follows: A leader trains patients as a group or individually, in walking, education and green tea therapy from the first to twelfth week. From the thirteenth to twenty fourth week, the patients should perform walking and green tea therapy by themselves.

Niche construction through germination cueing: life-history responses to timing of germination in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Germination responses to seasonal conditions determine the environment experienced by postgermination life stages, and this ability has potential consequences for the evolution of plant life histories. Using recombinant inbred lines of Arabidopsis thaliana, we tested whether life-history characters exhibited plasticity to germination timing, whether germination timing influenced the strength and mode of natural selection on life-history traits, and whether germination timing influenced the expression of genetic variation for life-history traits. Adult life-history traits exhibited strong plasticity to season of germination, and season of germination significantly altered the strength, mode, and even direction of selection on life-history traits under some conditions.

The evolutionary ecology of seed germination of Arabidopsis thaliana: variable natural selection on germination timing.

Germination timing of Arabidopsis thaliana displays strong plasticity to geographic location and seasonal conditions experienced by seeds. We identified which plastic responses were adaptive using recombinant inbred lines in a field manipulation of geographic location (Kentucky, KY; Rhode Island, RI), maternal photoperiod (14-h and 10-h days), and season of dispersal (June and November). Transgressive segregation created novel genotypes that had either higher fitness or lower fitness in certain environments than either parent.

Environmental and genetic influences on the germination of Arabidopsis thaliana in the field.

Seasonal germination timing strongly influences lifetime fitness and can affect the ability of plant populations to colonize and persist in new environments. To quantify the influence of seasonal environmental factors on germination and to test whether pleiotropy or close linkage are significant constraints on the evolution of germination in different seasonal conditions, we dispersed novel recombinant genotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana into two geographic locations. To decouple the photoperiod during seed maturation from the postdispersal season that maternal photoperiod predicts, replicates of recombinant inbred lines were grown under short days and long days under controlled conditions, and their seeds were dispersed during June in Kentucky (KY) and during June and November in Rhode Island (RI).

Pseudonocardia spinosispora sp. nov., isolated from Korean soil.

A new strain of the genus Pseudonocardia, which was isolated from a Korean soil sample, is described. The organism shows distinct cultural characteristics in that it forms well-developed aerial mycelium that fragments into rod-shaped, spiny spores, and grows only in standing culture but not in shake culture. Substrate mycelium is sparse or absent in most media used.