New daily persistent headache with isolated sphenoiditis in children.

Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disease in children, and its symptoms are often nonspecific and confusing. Rarely, severe headache can be the first or only symptom of isolated sphenoid sinusitis. New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a form of chronic daily headache that may have features of both migraines and tension-type headaches.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis induced by lamotrigine treatment in a child.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis is an unpredictable and severe adverse drug reaction. In toxic epidermal necrolysis, epidermal damage appears to result from keratinocyte apoptosis. This condition is triggered by many factors, principally drugs such as antiepileptic medications, antibiotics (particularly sulfonamide), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, allopurinol, and nevirapine.

A multicenter trial of oxcarbazepine oral suspension monotherapy in children newly diagnosed with partial seizures: a clinical and cognitive evaluation.

Purpose: We conducted a prospective, multicenter, open label trial to evaluate the effectiveness of oxcarbazepine (OXC) oral suspension as monotherapy for children newly diagnosed with partial seizures.

Methods: This trial included a two- to eight-week titration and stabilization period to achieve effective target doses and a 24-week maintenance phase. The primary outcome measure was the seizure-free rate over six months, while a secondary measure was the change in cognition and behavior from screening to the end of the maintenance phase.

Clinical characteristics of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection in children and the performance of rapid antigen test.

Purpose: In autumn 2009, the swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus spread throughout South Korea. The aims of this study were to determine the clinical characteristics of children infected by the 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus, and to compare the rapid antigen and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients ≥18 years of age who presented to Soonchunhyang University Hospital in Seoul with respiratory symptoms, including fever, between September 2009 and January 2010.

Comparative trial of low- and high-dose zonisamide as monotherapy for childhood epilepsy.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of zonisamide (ZNS) as monotherapy in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy.

Methods: This randomized, multicenter trial included a 2-4-week titration and a 24-week maintenance phase after randomization to low-(3-4 mg/kg/day) or high-(6-8 mg/kg/day) dose groups as target maintenance dosages. The primary outcome measure was the seizure-free rate over 6 months, while a secondary measure was the change in cognition and behavior from screening to the end of the maintenance phase.

The role of neuroimaging in children and adolescents with recurrent headaches--multicenter study.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of neuroimaging and to estimate the prevalence of significant and treatable intracranial lesions in children and adolescents with recurrent headaches.

Background: Neuroimaging studies are commonly performed in children and adolescent patients with headache because of increasing demands by parents and physicians, although objective data and studies to support this widespread practice are minimal.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all 1562 (male 724, female 838) new patients presenting with recurrent headaches to 9 Pediatric Neurology Clinics of tertiary Hospitals.

Bilateral sclerosing stromal tumor of the ovary in a premenarchal girl.

Sclerosing stromal tumor (SST) is a rare benign ovarian neoplasm classified as a type of sex cord stromal tumor that occurs predominantly in young patients. Several reports have described the US, CT and MR features of SST, but there have been no reports of a bilateral calcified SST in a child. We present a case of a bilateral SST of the ovary with calcification in a 12-year-old premenarchal girl and describe the US, CT, MR and pathological findings.

The effects on cognitive function and behavioral problems of topiramate compared to carbamazepine as monotherapy for children with benign rolandic epilepsy.

Purpose: To evaluate the cognitive and behavioral effects of topiramate (TPM) versus carbamazepine (CBZ) using efficacious doses of each drug as monotherapy for children with benign rolandic epilepsy.

Methods: A multicenter, randomized, open-label, observer-blinded, parallel-group clinical trial was conducted. TPM was introduced at a dose of 12.