variant and autophagic impairment: A pivotal link to endothelial dysfunction in moyamoya disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is closely associated with the Ring Finger Protein 213 (), a susceptibility gene for MMD. However, its biological function remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the role of in the damage incurred by human endothelial cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD).

Sensory test A-Not A rating signal detection: Panel's sensory learning and stability of decision criteria.

Signal detection theory (SDT) sensory discrimination analysis using A-Not A with a two-step rating is an efficient approach to in-house sensory quality management in the food industry. For such sensory analysis using an internal panel, the panels' ability to use stable decision criteria and provide a consistent response distribution responding to "A" vs "Not A" is critical for guaranteeing the data quality. This study examined the effects of the familiarization procedure (FP) and reference presentation probability (RPP) in the SDT A-Not A rating protocol on the panels' sensory learning of samples and stability of decision criteria using SDT parameters, recognition d' (d'),criteria location (c), and discrimination d' indices.

Selective Brain Cooling: A New Horizon of Neuroprotection.

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH), which prevents irreversible neuronal necrosis and ischemic brain damage, has been proven effective for preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury in post-cardiac arrest syndrome and neonatal encephalopathy in both animal studies and clinical trials. However, lowering the whole-body temperature below 34°C can lead to severe systemic complications such as cardiac, hematologic, immunologic, and metabolic side effects. Although the brain accounts for only 2% of the total body weight, it consumes 20% of the body's total energy at rest and requires a continuous supply of glucose and oxygen to maintain function and structural integrity.

The Effect of Professional Oral Care on the Oral Health Status of Critical Trauma Patients Using Ventilators.

Background: Oral care reduces the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. In addition, it is important that critically ill patients to maintain their oral health in order to restore their quality of life and to receive adequate nutrition after recovery.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of professional oral hygiene care (POHC) on the oral health status of patients using a ventilator.

A novel global ischemia-reperfusion rat model with asymmetric brain damage simulating post-cardiac arrest brain injury.

Background: Post-cardiac arrest brain injury (PCABI) is a major cause of disability and death in patients with post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). However, there have been no suitable animal models with characteristic behaviors and cerebral damage adequately mimicking clinical PCABI.

New Method: We established a chimeric model by increasing transient middle cerebral artery occlusion-mediated ipsilateral hemisphere damage in the 4-vessel occlusion (4VO) model, thereby inducing global forebrain asymmetric hemisphere ischemia.

The influence of professional oral hygiene care on reducing ventilator-associated pneumonia in trauma intensive care unit patients.

Aim This study aimed to examine the effects of professional oral hygiene care for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and the improvement of oral hygiene among patients in the trauma intensive care unit (TICU).Materials and methods TICU patients who underwent intubation were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 29) or control group (n = 28). The developed professional oral hygiene care protocol was administered to patients in the experimental group every 24 hours.

Oral health status of inpatients with varying physical activity limitations in rehabilitation wards: A cross-sectional study.

Poor oral hygiene can be potentially life-threatening in inpatients. However, no basic protocol on oral hygiene customized for inpatients exists, and lack of oral care related knowledge, attitude, and skills among caregivers could be detrimental to the general health of patients. This study sought to identify the oral care practices and oral health status of inpatients with varying physical activity limitations in a rehabilitation ward.

Development of a competency for professional oral hygiene care of endotracheally-intubated patients in the intensive care unit: development and validity evidence.

Background: Professional oral care in the intensive care unit may reduce the incidence of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia, which increases the patient's mortality rate. This study aimed to develop a competency for professional oral hygiene care of endotracheally-intubated intensive-care patients.

Methods: First, we developed a competency draft by reviewing the literature on oral hygiene care of patients in the intensive care unit.

The Association with COPD Readmission Rate and Access to Medical Institutions in Elderly Patients.

Purpose: Up to 20% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) require re-admission within 30 days of discharge after hospitalization for acute exacerbations of the disease. These re-admissions can increase morbidity and the economic burden of COPD. Reducing re-admissions has become a policy target in many developed countries.

Association between sleep habits and symptoms of oral disease in adolescents: the 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey.

Background: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep habits and oral disease symptoms in adolescents.

Methods: Among 62,276 adolescents who participated in the 13th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2017), we selected a total of 54,766 adolescents (age, 12-18 years; male, 49.9%) for the final analysis, after excluding those who did not report their sleep duration.

The association between Antonovsky's sense of coherence and job stress among dental hygienists in Korea.

Objective: High stress levels experienced by medical professionals are a well-established phenomenon in current literature. However, there are few studies focusing on stress experienced in the field of oral health or on the sense of coherence (SOC) that helps to actively respond to job stress. The purpose of this study was to analyse if there is an association between SOC and job stress among dental hygienists in Korea.

Inter-rater agreement among multiple examiners for the assessment of plaque scores between quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital and two-tone disclosing solution-stained digital images.

Background: To utilize plaque scoring indices as objective measures, a certain standard of intra-rater and inter-rater agreement must be met. Achievement of high consistency among several examiners in the assessment of images from Q-ray cam (for quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital imaging) and digital single-lens reflex camera of stained tooth surfaces might enable more efficient undertaking of large epidemiological studies and oral tests.

Methods: Second-year dental hygiene students and registered dental hygienists 40 examiners were randomly selected, all of whom provided informed consent.

Cranial burr hole with erythropoietin administration induces reverse arteriogenesis from the enriched extracranium.

It is challenging to revitalize ischemic penumbra after an acute stroke with intracranial perfusion insufficiency. To evaluate whether cranial burr hole and erythropoietin (EPO) generate effective revascularization, we investigated the efficacy of the augmentation method for reverse arteriogenesis from the healthy extracranial milieu. An intracranial perfusion insufficiency was created through bilateral internal carotid artery ligation (bICAL) in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency in Korean adolescents: based on the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey.

Introduction: The purpose of the present study was to investigate current sugar-sweetened beverage consumption habits in Korean adolescents in conjunction with their demo-socioeconomic characteristics, and to identify variables that affect such behaviours.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted via secondary analysis of data from the 2015 Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (the 11th survey). The dependent variable in the current study was the combined consumption frequency of three types of sugar-sweetened beverages (carbonated beverages, highly-caffeinated beverages, sugary beverages), and demographic (gender, academic grade, residence), sociological (father's education level, mother's education level, having experienced depression within the last 12 months) and economic (subjective economic status, weekly allowance) factors constituted the independent variables.

A pilot study of occupational exposure to pathogenic microorganisms through lip cosmetics among dental hygienists.

Objectives: In dental clinics, dental hygienists are exposed to aerosolized pathologic bacteria, which can be transmitted to the oral cavity via lip cosmetics. Accordingly, such contamination poses a consistent health risk among staffs. Our study examined the bacterial contamination of lip cosmetics used by dental hygienists while in a clinic setting.

Item-level analysis of the relationship between orthodontic treatment need and oral health-related quality of life in Korean schoolchildren.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the associations between normative orthodontic treatment need and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) at an item level as well as subscale and total score levels among schoolchildren.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,010 randomly selected children aged approximately 8, 10, 12, and 15 years residing in the Gyeonggi province, Korea. Children were clinically examined with the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN).

Health effects from exposure to dental diagnostic X-ray.

The purpose of this review is to summarize the results of studies on of the association between exposure to dental X-rays and health risk. To perform the systematic review, We searched the PUBMED, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases for papers published before December 15, 2016. A total of 2 158 studies, excluding duplicate studies, were found.

Comparison of Fatigue Severity and Quality of Life between Unexplained Fatigue Patients and Explained Fatigue Patients.

Background: Recently, despite the high prevalence of fatigue in patients, there is a lack of research on the quality of life (QoL) in unexplained fatigue patients, indicating that they are not properly diagnosed and treated. The aim of this study was to compare fatigue severity and QoL between patients with explained and unexplained fatigue.

Methods: The study consisted of 200 Korean adults who complained of fatigue without underlying disease.

Gender-specific associations between quality of life and leukocyte telomere length.

We conducted a study on the relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and quality of life (QoL) in 82 couples aged 55 and older. LTL was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. QoL was evaluated using the physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) on the Korean version of the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36).

Relationship between rectus abdominis muscle thickness and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men.

Background And Objective: Skeletal muscle has been suggested as an important factor in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. During the aging process, muscle mass is lost in specific body parts. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between site-specific muscle loss assessed using computed tomography (CT) and metabolic syndrome.

Expression and characterization of Pantoea CO dehydrogenase to utilize CO-containing industrial waste gas for expanding the versatility of CO dehydrogenase.

Although aerobic CO dehydrogenases (CODHs) might be applicable in various fields, their practical applications have been hampered by low activity and no heterologous expression. We, for the first time, could functionally express recombinant PsCODH in E. coli and obtained a highly concentrated recombinant enzyme using an easy and convenient method.

Controlled Orientation of Active Sites in a Nanostructured Multienzyme Complex.

Multistep cascade reactions in nature maximize reaction efficiency by co-assembling related enzymes. Such organization facilitates the processing of intermediates by downstream enzymes. Previously, the studies on multienzyme nanocomplexes assembled on DNA scaffolds demonstrated that closer interenzyme distance enhances the overall reaction efficiency.

Forced Ambiguity of the Leucine Codons for Multiple-Site-Specific Incorporation of a Noncanonical Amino Acid.

Multiple-site-specific incorporation of a noncanonical amino acid into a recombinant protein would be a very useful technique to generate multiple chemical handles for bioconjugation and multivalent binding sites for the enhanced interaction. Previously combination of a mutant yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase variant and the yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA containing the AAA anticodon was used to incorporate a noncanonical amino acid into multiple UUU phenylalanine (Phe) codons in a site-specific manner. However, due to the less selective codon recognition of the AAA anticodon, there was significant misincorporation of a noncanonical amino acid into unwanted UUC Phe codons.