TRPC expression in human periodontal ligament cells and the periodontal tissue of periodontitis mice: a preliminary study.

Background: Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels are non-selective cationic channels with permeability to Ca and Na. Despite their importance, there are currently few studies on TRPC in the periodontal ligament (PDL) and bone cells in the dental field. To provide biological information regarding TRPC in PDL cells and periodontal tissue, we evaluated TRPC channels expression in the osteoblast differentiation of PDL cells and periodontitis-induced tissue.

Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastric pathogenesis is attenuated by treatment of 2-deoxyglucose and metformin.

Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic inflammation in the stomach, which is linked to the development of gastric cancer. The anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of a glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) and an antidiabetic medication metformin (Met) have gotten attention. Using a Mongolian gerbil animal model, we investigated H.

Distribution of neutrophil and monocyte/macrophage populations induced by the CXCR4 inhibitor AMD3100 in blood and periodontal tissue early after periodontitis induction.

CXCR4, a CXCL12 receptor, is expressed on epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells. The CXCR4-CXCL12 interaction is related to the migration of neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria, is characterized by infiltration of circulating inflammatory cells and alveolar bone (AB) loss.

Lipopolysaccharides of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis increase RANKL-expressing neutrophils in air pouches of mice.

Increases of neutrophils and osteoclasts are pathological changes of periodontitis. RANKL is an osteoclast differentiation factor. The effect of periodontopathogen LPS on RANKL-expressing neutrophils has not been clarified yet.

The presence of neutrophils causes RANKL expression in periodontal tissue, giving rise to osteoclast formation.

Backgrounds And Objective: Increased neutrophil infiltration and osteoclast formation are key characteristics of periodontitis. The effect of these neutrophils on osteoclast formation in periodontitis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of neutrophils on osteoclast formation in a neutrophil-deficient mouse model of periodontitis.

Simvastatin attenuates tibial bone loss in rats with type 1 diabetes and periodontitis.

Background: Diabetes induces long bone loss and aggravation of periodontitis-induced alveolar bone loss. Simvastatin (SIM), which is a lipid-lowering agent is known to have an anabolic effect on bone. Therefore, we investigated effect of SIM on tibial and alveolar bone loss in type 1 diabetic rats with periodontitis.

Intermittent PTH administration improves alveolar bone formation in type 1 diabetic rats with periodontitis.

Background: Periodontitis is an infectious disease that manifests as alveolar bone loss surrounding the roots of teeth. Diabetes aggravates periodontitis-induced alveolar bone loss via suppression of bone formation. Intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration displays an anabolic effect on bone.

Detection and phylogenetic analysis of a new adenoviral polymerase gene in reptiles in Korea.

Over a period of 7 years (2004-2011), samples from 34 diseased reptiles provided by local governments, zoos, and pet shops were tested for viral infection. Animals were diagnosed based on clinical signs, including loss of appetite, diarrhea, rhinorrhea, and unexpected sudden death. Most of the exotic animals had gastrointestinal problems, such as mucosal redness and ulcers, while the native animals had no clinical symptoms.

Tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist diminishes osteocytic RANKL and sclerostin expression in diabetes rats with periodontitis.

Type 1 diabetes with periodontitis shows elevated TNF-α expression. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulates the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and sclerostin. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of TNF-α expression of osteocytic RANKL and sclerostin in type 1 diabetes rats with periodontitis using infliximab (IFX), a TNF-α antagonist.

N-acetylcysteine prevents the development of gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori infection.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a human gastric pathogen, causing various gastric diseases ranging from gastritis to gastric adenocarcinoma. It has been reported that combining N-acetylcysteine (NAC) with conventional antibiotic therapy increases the success rate of H.

Eosinophilic encephalomyelitis in horses caused by protostrongylid parasites.

Four thoroughbred horses showing lameness, ataxia, circling, depression, recumbency, and seizures, were examined. The horses had gross, pale- to dark-red manifestations and foci in the central nervous system (CNS). Multifocal to coalescing eosinophilic necrotizing encephalomyelitis was observed histologically in the CNS along with intact or degenerated nematodes.

Endothelin Regulates Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Production of Inflammatory Cytokines.

Periodontitis is a very common oral inflammatory disease that results in the destruction of supporting connective and osseous tissues of the teeth. Although the exact etiology is still unclear, Gram-negative bacteria, especially Porphyromonas gingivalis in subgingival pockets are thought to be one of the major etiologic agents of periodontitis. Endothelin (ET) is a family of three 21-amino acid peptides, ET-1, -2, and -3, that activate G protein-coupled receptors, ETA and ETB.

Effect of Areca Nut on -Induced Gastric Diseases in Mice.

Areca nut (AN) chewing is a habit in many countries in Central, Southern, and Southeast Asia. It is strongly associated with the occurrence of oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal cancer as well as systemic inflammation. However, the association between AN intake and the development of gastric lesions has not yet been identified.

Role of bacterial γ-glutamyltranspeptidase as a novel virulence factor in bone-resorbing pathogenesis.

Mammalian γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) has been identified as a bone-resorbing factor. Since GGT of Bacillus subtilis exhibits similarity in their primary structure and enzymatic characteristics with mammalian GGTs, the bone-resorbing activity of bacterial GGT was examined in this study. Osteoclastogenesis was performed in a co-culture system of mouse calvaria-derived osteoblasts and bone marrow cells.

Osteocytic Sclerostin Expression in Alveolar Bone in Rats With Diabetes Mellitus and Ligature-Induced Periodontitis.

Background: Osteocytic sclerostin inhibits bone formation, and its expression is stimulated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. This study investigates sclerostin and TNF-α expression in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontitis.

Methods: Rats were divided into control (C), periodontitis (P), and DM + periodontitis (DP) groups.

Licochalcone F alleviates glucose tolerance and chronic inflammation in diet-induced obese mice through Akt and p38 MAPK.

Background & Aims: Licochalcone (lico) F is a novel synthetic retrochalcone. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of lico F in vitro, and its effects on obesity-induced chronic inflammation, glucose intolerance, and fatty liver in vivo.

Methods: The inhibitory effects of lico F on TNFα-induced inflammation were investigated using NF-κB luciferase reporter assay and RT-PCR.

Histopathologic and immunohistological evaluation of anaplastic large cell lymphoma with Epstein-Barr virus in an orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus).

Background: An 18-month-old female orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) died after exhibiting fever, cough, and rapid breathing.

Methods And Results: Based on serological, virological, histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, anaplastic large cell lymphoma was confirmed.

Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of anaplastic large cell lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in an orangutan.

Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and sclerostin expression in osteocytes of alveolar bone in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis.

Background: Osteocytes are increasingly recognized as significant sources of osteoclast differentiation factor, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and osteoblast differentiation inhibitory factor, sclerostin. In this study, RANKL and sclerostin expression of osteocytes is investigated in rats with ligature-induced periodontitis.

Methods: Rats were divided into control and periodontitis groups, and periodontitis was induced by ligature on the mandibular first molars.

Protective effect of Korean Red Ginseng extract against Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric inflammation in Mongolian gerbils.

Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric inflammation includes induction of inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL)-8 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which are mediated by oxidant-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB. High levels of lipid peroxide (LPO) and increased activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), a biomarker of neutrophil infiltration, are observed in H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa.

Gallic acid improves glucose tolerance and triglyceride concentration in diet-induced obesity mice.

Gallic acid, a phenolic phytochemical, has been shown to exert a variety of effects, including anti-oxidative, anti- carcinogenic, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we attempted to determine whether gallic acid affects metabolic syndrome such as obesity and diabetes. Diet-induced obesity mice were treated intraperitoneally once per day with gallic acid (10 mg/kg/day).

Effect of the interaction between periodontitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus on alveolar bone, mandibular condyle and tibia.

Objective: This study examined the effect of the interaction between periodontitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus on alveolar bone, mandibular condyle and tibia in animal models.

Materials And Methods: Rats were divided into normal, periodontitis, diabetic and diabetic with periodontitis groups. After injection of streptozotocin to induce diabetes, periodontitis was induced by ligation of both lower-side first molars for 30 days.

Wogonin ameliorates hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia via PPARα activation in db/db mice.

Background & Aims: Wogonin is a flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Gerogi. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of wogonin using db/db mice.

Methods: Mice received wogonin or vehicle by oral gavage for 2 weeks.