Wetting Property Modification of AlO by Helium Ion Irradiation: Effects of Beam Energy and Fluence on Contact Angle.

In imparting wetting properties, a fabrication process without the addition of new compounds and deposition of coating layers would be the most desirable because it does not introduce additional complexities. Hence, the ion beam irradiation technique is used as it enables the chemistry of materials to be modified through simple adjustments of irradiation parameters such as the type of accelerated particles, beam energy, and fluence. In this study, the hydrophilicity of alumina surfaces was weakened by irradiating He ion beams of different energy levels (200 keV and 20 MeV).

Effects of Proton Irradiation on the Current Characteristics of SiN-Passivated AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMTs Using a TMAH-Based Surface Pre-Treatment.

This study investigated the combined effects of proton irradiation and surface pre-treatment on the current characteristics of Gallium Nitride (GaN)-based metal-insulator-semiconductor high-electron-mobility-transistors (MIS-HEMTs) to evaluate the radiation hardness involved with the Silicon Nitride (SiN) passivation/GaN cap interface. The impact of proton irradiation on the static and dynamic current characteristics of devices with and without pre-treatment were analyzed with 5 MeV proton irradiation. In terms of transfer characteristics before and after the proton irradiation, the drain current of the devices without and with pre-treatment were reduced by an increase in sheet and contact resistances after the proton irradiation.

Hydrophilicity Improvement of Polymer Surfaces Induced by Simultaneous Nuclear Transmutation and Oxidation Effects Using High-Energy and Low-Fluence Helium Ion Beam Irradiation.

Two commodity polymers, polystyrene (PS) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), were irradiated by high-energy He ion beams at low fluence to examine the wettability changes at different fluences. The water contact angles of the PS and HDPE surfaces were reduced from 78.3° to 46.

Red Blood Cell Membrane Bioengineered Zr-89 Labelled Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanosphere for Overcoming Phagocytosis.

Biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs) have been actively studied for their biological compatibility due to its distinguished abilities viz. long-term circulation, low toxicity, ease for surface modification, and its ability to avoid phagocytosis of NPs by macrophages. Coating the NPs with a variety of cell membranes bearing the immune control proteins increases drug efficacy while complementing the intrinsic advantages of the NPs.

Chitosan-TiO composite: A potential Ge/Ga generator column material.

A durable and ready to use Ge-Ga generator column material is required for its routine use in radiopharmaceutical procedures. The present work comprises preliminary studies for development and evaluation of chitosan-TiO based microsphere (C-TOM) composite towards its competence as a column material. The batch uptake studies showed higher distribution coefficients for Ge vis-à-vis Ga in the complete concentration range of HCl examined (0.

Development of fluorescent probes that bind and stain amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease.

β-amyloid (Aβ) plaques in the brain are composed of Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptides, and are the defining pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Fluorescent probes that can detect Aβ plaques have gained increasing interest as potential tools for in vitro and in vivo monitoring of the progression of AD. In this study, chalcone-mimic fluorescent probe 5 was designed and prepared.

Micropatterning of cells on electron-irradiated poly(dimethylsiloxane) surface.

In this study, a facile route to fabricate micropatterns of cells is presented on the basis of electron irradiation of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). PDMS films were irradiated with electron beams through a pattern mask with micrometer-sized grids. After irradiation, the changes in the chemical composition, morphology, and wettability of the PDMS surface were investigated by using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, an atomic force microscope, and a contact anglometer.

Surface morphology control of polymer films by electron irradiation and its application to superhydrophobic surfaces.

A simple and controllable one-step method to fabricate superhydrophobic surfaces on poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) films is developed on the base of electron irradiation. When the thickness of PTFE films is higher than the penetration depth of electron beams, electrical charging occurs at the surface of the films because of the imbalance between the accumulation of incident electrons and the emission of secondary electrons. Local inhomogeneity of charge distribution due to this electrical charging results in the nonuniform decomposition of PTFE molecular bonds.

Fabrication of size-controllable hexagonal non-close-packed colloidal crystals and binary colloidal crystals by pyrolysis combined with plasma-electron coirradiation of polystyrene colloidal monolayer.

We present an unprecedented and systematic route to controllably fabricate hexagonal non-close-packed (hncp) monolayer colloidal crystals and binary colloidal crystals (BCCs) based on plasma-electron coirradiation of polystyrene colloidal monolayers followed by thermal decomposition. Hncp colloidal crystals with tunable particle sizes and periods could be fabricated by changing the pristine colloidal particle size and the thermal decomposition time. In addition, BCCs and trimodal colloidal crystals that are composed of different-sized colloidal particles can also be fabricated by adding small particles on the prepared hncp colloidal crystals.

Fabrication of porous hierarchical polymer/ceramic composites by electron irradiation of organic/inorganic polymers: route to a highly durable, large-area superhydrophobic coating.

Polymer/ceramic composite films with micro- and nanocombined hierarchical structures are fabricated by electron irradiation of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres/silicone grease. Electron irradiation induces volume contraction of PMMA microspheres and simultaneously transforms silicone grease into a ceramic material of silicon oxycarbide with many nanobumps. As a result, highly porous structures that consist of micrometer-sized pores and microparticles decorated with nanobumps are created.

A facile polyol route to uniform gold octahedra with tailorable size and their optical properties.

A straightforward and effective polyol route for the controllable synthesis of high-quality gold (Au) octahedra with uniform size is presented in an ethylene glycol solution. Large-scale Au octahedra with the size ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers were selectively synthesized in high-yield. The surfaces of octahedral Au nanocrystals are smooth and correspond to {111} planes.

Unconventional method for morphology-controlled carbonaceous nanoarrays based on electron irradiation of a polystyrene colloidal monolayer.

An unconventional and straightforward route to fabricate morphology-controlled 2D ordered carbonaceous nanoarrays is presented. This route is based on the electron irradiation of a polystyrene colloidal monolayer followed by thermal decomposition. This strategy has the advantages of low-cost fabrication and easy manipulation compared to conventional lithography technique and furthermore overcomes the disadvantage of the self-assembly technique that generally has the defect of irregular units in ordered arrays.