A Report on a Nationwide Surveillance System for Pediatric Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Etiology in Korea.

Background: Several cases of pediatric acute hepatitis of unknown etiology related to adenoviral infections have been reported in Europe since January 2022. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, severity, possible etiology, and prognosis of the disease with those in the past in Korea.

Methods: The surveillance group collected data between May and November 2022 using a surveillance system.

Relationship between optimism, emotional intelligence, and academic resilience of nursing students: the mediating effect of self-directed learning competency.

Background: The evolution toward future education following the 4th industrial revolution and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have changed nursing education dramatically. Online classes have become a new paradigm of education, and are expected to develop and be maintained in various forms even after the end of COVID-19. Therefore, attention is focused on finding ways to improve learners' achievements in a distance learning environment.

University Students' Sleep and Mental Health Correlates in South Korea.

Sleep closely relates to emotional instability. Recent studies report an increase in young adults’ poor sleep and associated mental health problems, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, depression, and so on. However, the information on related modifiable factors of these variables is still lacking.

Quality of Gerontological Nursing and Ageism: What Factors Influence on Nurses' Ageism in South Korea?

With the aging of the population, age-related problems are emerging, which has caused age discrimination. Particularly, most nurses care for a large number of old patients in the clinical setting. Nurses' attitude toward the clients has a significant effect on the quality of nursing, so it is time to identify their perspective to the aged.

Factors associated with teaching efficacy among nurse educators in hospital settings.

Aims And Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine differences in personal characteristics, core practice competency and role stress according to levels of teaching efficacy among clinical nurse educators working in general hospitals.

Background: In the clinical setting, successful adaptation to instruction among practicing clinical nurse educators is challenging.

Design: Secondary analysis of data through a cross-sectional study design was adopted.

Tryptophanyl-tRNA Synthetase Sensitizes Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer to Docetaxel-Based Chemotherapy.

Purpose: A relatively low response to chemotherapy has been reported for hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of tryptophanyl-transfer RNA synthetase WARS) in the chemotherapeutic response of HR-positive breast cancer.

Methods: Pre-chemotherapeutic needle biopsy samples of 45 HR-positive breast cancer patients undergoing the same chemotherapeutic regimen were subjected to immunohistochemistry.

Combined the SMAC mimetic and BCL2 inhibitor sensitizes neoadjuvant chemotherapy by targeting necrosome complexes in tyrosine aminoacyl-tRNA synthase-positive breast cancer.

Background: Chemotherapy is the standard treatment for breast cancer; however, the response to chemotherapy is disappointingly low. Here, we investigated the alternative therapeutic efficacy of novel combination treatment with necroptosis-inducing small molecules to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in tyrosine aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (YARS)-positive breast cancer.

Methods: Pre-chemotherapeutic needle biopsy of 143 invasive ductal carcinomas undergoing the same chemotherapeutic regimen was subjected to proteomic analysis.

Metacognitive beliefs predict early response to pharmacological treatment in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Rationale: Metacognitions, beliefs that monitor or control thoughts and coping, are considered to be important components for development and maintenance of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

Objectives: This study prospectively investigated whether metacognitive beliefs can predict early treatment response after serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) initiation in patients with OCD.

Methods: Drug-naïve or medication-free patients with OCD (N = 156) were assessed for various characteristics, including metacognitions.

Evaluation of fecal microbiomes associated with obesity in captive cynomolgus monkeys ().

Microorganisms play important roles in obesity; however, the role of the gut microbiomes in obesity is controversial because of the inconsistent findings. This study investigated the gut microbiome communities in obese and lean groups of captive healthy cynomolgus monkeys reared under strict identical environmental conditions, including their diet. No significant differences in the relative abundance of , and were observed between the obese and lean groups, but a significant difference in ( < 0.

IL-6-mediated cross-talk between human preadipocytes and ductal carcinoma in situ in breast cancer progression.

Background: The function of preadipocytes in the progression of early stage breast cancer has not been fully elucidated at the molecular level. To delineate the role of preadipocytes in breast cancer progression, we investigated the cross-talk between human breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cells and preadipocytes with both an in vitro culture and xenograft tumor model.

Methods: GFP or RFP was transduced into human DCIS cell line MCF10DCIS.

Characteristics of Autonomic Activity and Reactivity During Rest and Emotional Processing and Their Clinical Correlations in Somatic Symptom Disorder.

Objective: Altered autonomic nervous system activity is considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of somatic symptom disorder (SSD). This study aimed to investigate whether patients with SSD have disturbed autonomic activity during rest and reactivity to emotional processing and whether altered autonomic nervous system correlates with clinical characteristics and interoceptive accuracy in SSD.

Methods: We recruited 23 patients with SSD and 20 healthy controls.

Management of Pediatric Patients Presenting with Acute Abdomen Accompanying Dilatation of the Common Bile Duct.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe our treatment experiences with patients who had acute abdomen (AA) with common bile duct (CBD) dilatation.

Methods: The treatment outcomes in children with AA and CBD dilatation were retrospectively reviewed. According to the shape of the intrahepatic bile ducts on ultrasonography (US), the origin of the pain was estimated as choledochal cyst (CC) complication or choledocholithiasis in normal CBD.

Multidimensional impulsivity as a mediator of early life stress and alcohol dependence.

Early life stress (ELS) leads to increased susceptibility to serious psychiatric problems such as alcohol dependence, but the mechanisms through which ELS affects alcohol dependence are unclear. We investigated the mediating role of multi-dimensional impulsivity in the associations between ELS and alcohol dependence. 330 male patients with alcohol dependence (mean age = 48.

Breast cancer cell-derived exosomes and macrophage polarization are associated with lymph node metastasis.

Crosstalk between breast cancer and macrophages has potential implications for tumor metastasis. This study investigates macrophage polarization induced by triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell-derived exosomes that promote lymph node (LN) metastasis in orthotopic TNBC models. The MDA-MB-231 cancer cell line expressing the exosomal CD63-red fluorescence (RFP) fusion protein was generated to noninvasively visualize exosome transfer into cancer cells and macrophages.

Association between glutamate transporter gene polymorphisms and obsessive-compulsive disorder/trait empathy in a Korean population.

Accumulating evidence suggests that the glutamatergic system plays a major role in the pathophysiology of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and empathic processing. Particularly, genetic influence of glutamate transporter gene (SLC1A1) on OCD has been frequently replicated in previous studies, but several studies did not replicate the result. Therefore, we aimed to replicate the associations between the SLC1A1 and OCD in a Korean population.

Oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms exert a modulating effect on the onset age in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is a potential candidate in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The present study investigated the association between common single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) of the OXTR gene and the affected status of OCD or distinct clinical subtypes of OCD including the age at onset and symptom dimensions. Ten SNPs of OXTR were examined in 615 patients with OCD and 581 healthy controls.

Gastric Hemangioma Treated with Argon Plasma Coagulation in a Newborn Infant.

Gastric hemangioma in the neonatal period is a very rare cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We present a case of hemangioma limited to the gastric cavity in a 10-day-old infant. A huge, erythematous mass with bleeding was observed on the lesser curvature side of the upper part of the stomach.

Clinical Characteristics and Ultrasonographic Findings of Acute Bacterial Enterocolitis in Children.

Purpose: This study clarified the bacterial pathogens currently causing acute infectious enterocolitis (AIE) in children and evaluated the clinical characteristics and ultrasonographic findings according to the different pathogens.

Methods: Medical records regarding age, sex, clinical symptoms, laboratory data, identified enteropathogens, ultrasonographic findings, treatment, and outcome of 34 patients who were diagnosed with AIE via stool examination using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or culture, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Twenty-four patients (70.

Effects of family affluence on the health behaviors of Korean adolescents.

Aim: To examine the effect of the level of family affluence on the health-related behaviors of South Korean adolescents.

Methods: A stratified, random cluster sampling of 400 middle schools and 400 high schools in Korea lead to the selection of 72,435 middle school and high school students. A logistic regression analysis was carried out to examine the impact of family affluence on the health-related behaviors of Korean adolescents.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for the Weight Loss during Hospitalization in Children: A Single Korean Children's Hospital Experience.

Purpose: Undernutrition during hospitalization increases the risk of nosocomial infection and lengthens the disease courses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of weight loss during hospitalization in children.

Methods: All the patients who were admitted in general wards between April and May 2014 were enrolled.

Clinical Features and Extraintestinal Manifestations of Crohn Disease in Children.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) of Crohn disease (CD) in Korean pediatric patients.

Methods: The medical records of 73 children diagnosed with CD were retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including CD phenotype at diagnosis based on the Montreal classification, and clinical features and course of EIMs were investigated.

Common variants of HTR3 genes are associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder and its phenotypic expression.

Evidence from literature supports the existence of associations between serotonin-related genetic variants and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but few studies have explored the involvement of serotonin receptor type 3 genes (HTR3) in OCD. To identify whether HTR3 variability affects an individual's susceptibility to OCD, we examined 10 HTR3 variants in 596 individuals with OCD and 599 controls. A significant difference existed in the genotypic distribution of the HTR3B variant rs1176744 between individuals with OCD and controls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.

Overexpression of the miR-141/200c cluster promotes the migratory and invasive ability of triple-negative breast cancer cells through the activation of the FAK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways by secreting VEGF-A.

Background: The role of microRNA-200 (miR-200) family members in the migration and invasion of breast cancer is controversial. This study investigated the mechanisms by which the miR-200 family members modulated the migratory and invasive abilities of an aggressive triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell line, MDA-MB-231.

Methods: The miR-200 family (miR-200b/200a/429 and miR-141/200c clusters) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) were transduced into MDA-MB-231 cells using a lentiviral system.