Postbiotic-based recombinant receptor activator of NF-κB ligand enhanced oral vaccine efficiency in chicken.

Functional M cells are differentiated by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and capture of luminal antigens to initiate immune responses. We aimed to use postbiotic-based recombinant chicken RANKL (cRANKL) to promote M cell differentiation and test the efficacy of oral vaccines. Chicks were divided into three groups that were administered phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), cell extracts of wild-type Lactococcus lactis subsp.

Effects of supplemental bacteriophage on the gut microbiota and nutrient digestibility of ileal-cannulated pigs.

This study measured the potential changes of the microbiota in the gastrointestinal tract and energy and nutrient digestibility by supplemental bacteriophages in pigs. Twelve castrated male pigs (initial mean body weight = 29.5 ± 2.

A comprehensive longitudinal study of gut microbiota dynamic changes in laying hens at four growth stages prior to egg production.

Objective: The poultry industry is a primary source of animal protein worldwide. The gut microbiota of poultry birds, such as chickens and ducks, is critical in maintaining their health, growth, and productivity. This study aimed to identify longitudinal changes in the gut microbiota of laying hens from birth to the pre-laying stage.

Omega-3-Rich Fish-Oil-Influenced Mouse Gut Microbiome Shaped by Intermittent Consumption of Beef.

Beef consumption can provide various amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and minerals; however, excessive intake causes metabolic disorders and increases the probability of obesity, atherosclerosis, and colorectal cancer. The intake of omega-3 fatty acids can ameliorate metabolic disorders by lowering blood glucose and triglyceride levels. In the present study, we investigated the effect of omega-3-rich fish oil on body performance and the gut microbiome in a beef-rich diet.

Oral Administration of Mice with Cell Extracts of Recombinant IL1403 Expressing Mouse Receptor Activator of NF-kB Ligand (RANKL).

Receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL) is known to play a major role in bone metabolism and the immune system, and its recombinant form has been expressed in bacterial systems for research since the last two decades. However, most of these recombinant forms are used after purification or directly using living cells. Here, there were cell extracts of recombinant expressing mouse RANKL (mRANKL) used to evaluate its biological activity in mice.

Oral Immunization of Mice with Cell Extracts from Recombinant Lactococcus lactis Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread all over the world and became a pandemic that named coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). At present, several intramuscular vaccines have been successfully developed and mass vaccination has progressed in many countries. The aim of the study is to develop and examine an oral vaccine against COVID-19 with recombinant Lactococcus lactis IL1403, a strain of lactic acid bacteria, expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) S1 subunit as an immunizing antigen.

Strain diversity of plant-associated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) is a lactic acid bacteria species found on plants that is essential for many plant food fermentations. In this study, we investigated the intraspecific phenotypic and genetic diversity of 13 L. plantarum strains isolated from different plant foods, including fermented olives and tomatoes, cactus fruit, teff injera, wheat boza and wheat sourdough starter.

Cytoplasmic expression of a model antigen with M Cell-Targeting moiety in lactic acid bacteria and implication of the mechanism as a mucosal vaccine via oral route.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been widely studied as mucosal vaccine delivery carriers against many infectious diseases for heterologous expression of protein antigens. There are three antigen expression strategies for LAB: cytoplasmic expression (CE), cell surface display (SD), and extracellular secretion (ES). Despite the generally higher protein expression level and many observations of antigen-specific immunogenicity in CE, its application as a mucosal vaccine has been overlooked relative to SD and ES because of the antigens enclosed by the LAB cell wall.

Draft genome of the Korean smelt Hypomesus nipponensis and its transcriptomic responses to heat stress in the liver and muscle.

Pond smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis) is a cold-freshwater fish species and a winter economic aquaculture resource in South Korea. Because of its high susceptibility to abnormal water temperature from global warming, a large number of smelt die in hot summers. Here, we present the first draft genome of H.

Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius isolated from feces of fast-growing pigs on intestinal microbiota and morphology of suckling piglets.

The study determined the effects of Lactobacillus salivarius (LS) administered early in the life of suckling piglets on their growth performance, gut morphology, and gut microbiota. Thirty litters of 3-day-old crossbreed piglets were randomly assigned to one of the three treatments, and treatments were commenced on day 3 after birth. During the whole period of the experiment, the piglets were kept with their mothers and left to suckle ad libitum while being supplemented with a milk formula with or without the bacterial probiotic supplemented.

Insights into the Gut and Skin Microbiome of Freshwater Fish, Smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis).

Freshwater smelt (Hypomesus nipponensis) is a planktivorous fish found in the river of South Korea, Japan, China, and Russia. Because of its specific characteristics living in the cold temperature, this species is economically valuable in the various countries that held winter festival. The body size of the smelt is too small, so people consumed raw smelt during the winter festival sometimes.

Changes in Gut Microbial Community of Pig Feces in Response to Different Dietary Animal Protein Media.

Beef, pork, chicken and milk are considered representative protein sources in the human diet. Since the digestion of protein is important, the role of intestinal microflora is also important. Despite this, the pure effects of meat and milk intake on the microbiome are yet to be fully elucidated.

Changes in the Microbial Community of the Mottled Skate () During Alkaline Fermentation.

, Cham-hong-eo in Korean, is a mottled skate which is belonging to the cartilaginous fish. Although this species is economically valuable in South Korea as an alkalinefermented food, there are few microbial studies on such fermentation. Here, we analyzed microbial changes and pH before, during, and after fermentation and examined the effect of inoculation by a skin microbiota mixture on the skate fermentation (control vs.

Genome-based species-specific primers for rapid identification of six species of Lactobacillus acidophilus group using multiplex PCR.

Many Lactobacillus species are frequently isolated from dairy products, animal guts, and the vaginas of healthy women. However, sequencing-based identification of isolated Lactobacillus strain is time/cost-consuming and lobor-intensive. In this study, we developed a multiplex PCR method to distinguish six closely related species in the Lactobacillus acidophilus group (L.

Differences in microbiome and virome between cattle and horses in the same farm.

Objective: The ecosystem of an animal farm is composed of various elements, such as animals, farmers, plants, feed, soil, and microorganisms. A domesticated animal's health is largely connected with the reservoir of bacteria and viruses in animal farms. Although a few studies have focused on exploring the gut microbiome of animals, communities of microbiota and viruses in feedlots have not been thoroughly investigated.

Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum EBKLp545, Isolated from Piglet Feces.

strain EBKLp545 was isolated from piglet feces in South Korea and sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq system. This draft genome of strain EBKLp545 consists of 3,306,513 bp with 3,049 protein-coding genes in 138 contigs (≥500 bp), 54 noncoding RNA genes, and a 44.3% G+C content.

Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus plantarum Strain TRW2, Isolated from Lettuce.

We report the draft genome sequence for Enterococcus plantarum strain TRW2, isolated from the phyllosphere of romaine lettuce. The draft sequence consists of 3,383,441 bp, with a G+C content of 35.8% and 3,218 protein-coding genes.

Effect of Ground Chopi () on Physicochemical Traits and Microbial Community of Chicken Summer Sausage during Manufacture.

Changes in microbial community and physicochemical traits of chicken summer sausage made from spent layer thigh added with different level (0%, 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.

Quality and Lactic Acid Bacteria Diversity of Pork Salami Containing Kimchi Powder.

We investigated the quality properties and bacteria diversity of pork salami containing homemade kimchi powder (KP). Pork salamis were manufactured with commercial starter culture (control), and 1% KP (KP1), 3% KP (KP3), and 5% KP (KP5). The salami was fermented and aged for 2 days and 56 days, respectively.

Ruminal methane emissions, metabolic, and microbial profile of Holstein steers fed forage and concentrate, separately or as a total mixed ration.

Few studies have examined the effects of feeding total mixed ration (TMR) versus roughage and concentrate separately (SF) on ruminant methane production. Therefore, this study compared differences in methane production, ruminal characteristics, total tract digestibility of nutrients, and rumen microbiome between the two feeding methods in Holstein steers. A total six Holstein steers of initial bodyweights 540 ± 34 kg were divided into two groups and assigned to a same experimental diet with two different feeding systems (TMR or SF) in a crossover design with 21 d periods.

Pan-Genomics of Revealed Group-Specific Genomic Profiles without Habitat Association.

is a lactic acid bacterium that promotes animal intestinal health as a probiotic and is found in a wide variety of habitats. Here, we investigated the genomic features of different clusters of strains via pan-genomic analysis. We compared the genomes of 108 strains that were available from the NCBI GenBank database.

Tracing of the fecal microbiota of commercial pigs at five growth stages from birth to shipment.

The intestinal microbiota affect various physiological traits of host animals such as brain development, obesity, age, and the immune system. In the swine industry, understanding the relationship between intestinal microbiota and growth stage is essential because growth stage is directly related to the feeding system of pigs, thus we studied the intestinal microbiota of 32 healthy pigs across five sows at 10, 21, 63, 93, and 147 d of ages. The intestinal microbiota were altered with growth of pigs and were separated into three distinct clusters.

Determination of Optimized Growth Medium and Cryoprotective Additives to Enhance the Growth and Survival of .

The beneficial effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been intensively investigated in recent decades with special focus on modulation of the host intestinal microbiota. Numerous discoveries of effective probiotics are driven by a significantly increasing demand for dietary supplements. Consequently, technological advances in the large-scale production and lyophilization are needed by probiotic-related industries for producing probiotic LAB for commercial use.