Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: High-grade resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in East and Southern Africa has prompted numerous trials evaluating intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine as an alternative to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine.

Methods: We conducted individual participant data meta-analyses of randomised trials comparing IPTp with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine on maternal, birth, and infant outcomes. We searched the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.

A Comprehensive Assessment of Quality of Antimalarial Medicines in Mainland Tanzania: Insights from Five Years of Postmarket Surveillance.

Sustainable access to high-quality antimalarial medicines is pivotal to achieving universal and effective malaria control. Poor-quality antimalarial medicines are prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, impeding malaria control initiatives and claiming the lives of many children. Regular monitoring of the quality of antimalarial medicines is crucial to ensure the quality of service to the community.

Pharmacokinetics of piperaquine and its association with intermittent malaria preventive therapy outcomes during pregnancy.

Background: Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) recently showed superior effectiveness over sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for malaria intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp). We investigated day 7 piperaquine pharmacokinetics and its therapeutic efficacy in preventing malaria during pregnancy.

Methods: Malaria-free (mRDT) pregnant women (n = 400) who received monthly IPTp-DHP were enrolled and followed till delivery.

Efficacy of ivermectin and albendazole combination in suppressing transmission of lymphatic filariasis following mass administration in Tanzania: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Preventive chemotherapy with ivermectin and albendazole (IA) in mass drug administration (MDA) programs for all at-risk populations is the core public health intervention to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF). Achieving this goal depends on drug effectiveness in reducing parasite reservoirs in the community to halt transmission. We assessed the efficacy of ivermectin and albendazole in clearing microfilariae and circulating filarial antigens (CFA) following MDA.

Evaluation of Dose Adjustment in Patients With Renal Impairment at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania.

The burden of renal diseases is increasing in developing countries like Tanzania. Drug accumulation exposes patients with renal impairment to drug toxicity that may lead to adverse drug reactions, poor adherence to treatment, and increased healthcare costs. There is limited information on the appropriateness of dosage regimen adjustment for patients with renal impairment, particularly in developing countries such as Tanzania.

Incidence and determinants of adverse events in individuals with HIV commencing Dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in mainland Tanzania.

Tanzania adopted a Dolutegravir (DTG)-based regimen as first-line treatment in 2019 following the World Health Organization recommendation. Data on the DTG safety profile from sub-Saharan Africa including Tanzania are limited. We investigated the incidence of DTG-related adverse events (AEs) and associated factors among people living with HIV (PLHIV) initiated on a DTG regimen.

Prevalence of urinary tract infection and antimicrobial resistance patterns of uropathogens with biofilm forming capacity among outpatients in morogoro, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infectious disease affecting more than 150 million people globally annually. Uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), the predominant cause of UTI, can occur as a biofilm associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Impact of COVID-19 on the supply chain of essential health commodities: a mixed method study, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 in the late 2019 led to major global health crises, including morbidities and mortalities. The pandemic has adversely affected the supply chain of essential health commodities globally. However, such data from sub-Saharan Africa including Tanzania are largely limited.

Population pharmacokinetics of ivermectin after mass drug administration in lymphatic filariasis endemic communities of Tanzania.

Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug of choice used with albendazole for mass drug administration (MDA) to halt transmission of lymphatic filariasis. We investigated IVM pharmacokinetic (PK) variability for its dose optimization during MDA. PK samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, and 6 h from individuals weighing greater than 15 kg (n = 468) receiving IVM (3-, 6-, 9-, or 12 mg) and ALB (400 mg) during an MDA campaign in Tanzania.

Pregnancy Increases CYP3A Enzymes Activity as Measured by the 4β-Hydroxycholesterol/Cholesterol Ratio.

Changes in cortisol and other hormones during pregnancy may alter CYP3A enzymes activity, but data from sub-Saharan Africa are sparse. We investigated the effect of pregnancy and CYP3A5 genotypes on CYP3A enzymes activity using the plasma 4β-hydroxycholesterol (4β-OHC)/cholesterol (Chol) ratio, a known endogenous biomarker. Tanzanian pregnant women (n = 110) and non-pregnant women (n = 59) controls were enrolled.

and Genotype Predicts Glucose Metabolism Disorder among HIV Patients on Long-Term Efavirenz-Based ART: A Case-Control Study.

Long-term antiretroviral treatment (cART) increases the risk of glucose metabolism disorders (GMDs). Genetic variation in drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters may influence susceptibility to cART-associated GMDs. We conducted a case-control study to investigate the association of pharmacogenetic variations with cART-induced GMDs.

Prevalence and Correlates of Asymptomatic Malaria and Anemia on First Antenatal Care Visit among Pregnant Women in Southeast, Tanzania.

Asymptomatic malaria and anemia during pregnancy increase the risk of negative birth outcomes. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and correlates of asymptomatic malaria and anemia during first antenatal care (ANC) visit among pregnant women in a rural district, Tanzania. HIV-uninfected pregnant women without symptoms of malaria ( = 819) attending their first ANC at Kibiti Health Centre were enrolled from February 2017 to February 2018.

Effect of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine doses for prevention of malaria during pregnancy in hypoendemic area in Tanzania.

Background: Malaria in pregnancy increases the risk of deleterious maternal and birth outcomes. The use of ≥ 3 doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria (IPTp-SP) is recommended for preventing the consequences of malaria during pregnancy. This study assessed the effect of IPTp-SP for prevention of malaria during pregnancy in low transmission settings.

Effectiveness of Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine for Intermittent Preventive Treatment of Malaria and Adverse Birth Outcomes in Pregnant Women.

Effectiveness of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) for prevention of malaria and adverse birth outcomes can be compromised by parasites-resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. This study prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of IPTp-SP in Southeast Tanzania. From January 2017 to May 2019, HIV-negative and malaria-negative (mRDT) pregnant women attending their first antenatal-care visit in the second or third trimester (n = 500) were enrolled to receive monthly IPTp-SP and followed the protocol till delivery.