Prevalence of Blunt and Hemp Wrap Use Among Young Adults in the United States, 2022.

Introduction: Blunt and hemp wraps, as a means of consuming cannabis, have emerged into the retail space where the prevalence has been increasing since 2017. There is limited epidemiological research on the prevalence of use of these products across the U.S.

Artificial Intelligence for Clinically Meaningful Outcome Prediction in Orthopedic Research: Current Applications and Limitations.

Purpose Of Review: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) play a critical role in evaluating the success of treatment interventions for musculoskeletal conditions. However, predicting which patients will benefit from treatment interventions is complex and influenced by a multitude of factors. Artificial intelligence (AI) may better anticipate the propensity to achieve clinically meaningful outcomes through leveraging complex predictive analytics that allow for personalized medicine.

The Portrayal of Premium Cigar Selling Propositions in Lifestyle Magazines: A Content Analysis.

Introduction: Although lifestyle magazines are an important marketing tool for premium cigars, little is known about their recent portrayal of the products. We expand on research conducted for the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Committee on Patterns of Use and Health Effects of "Premium Cigars" and Priority Research.

Aims And Methods: A content analysis of magazine covers, articles, and advertisements published in 2021 from Cigar Aficionado and Cigar Snob (five issues each) and Cigar Journal (three issues) assessed magazine themes and mentions of lower harm.

3D Bioprinting for Vascularization.

In the world of clinic treatments, 3D-printed tissue constructs have emerged as a less invasive treatment method for various ailments. Printing processes, scaffold and scaffold free materials, cells used, and imaging for analysis are all factors that must be observed in order to develop successful 3D tissue constructs for clinical applications. However, current research in 3D bioprinting model development lacks diverse methods of successful vascularization as a result of issues with scaling, size, and variations in printing method.

Sleep in the intensive care unit.

Purpose Of Review: Sleep is particularly important for critically ill patients. Here, we review the latest evidence on how sleep and circadian disruption in the intensive care unit (ICU) affects physiology and clinical outcomes, as well as the most recent advances in sleep and circadian rhythm promoting interventions including therapeutics.

Recent Findings: On a molecular level, clock genes dysrhythmia and altered immunity are clearly linked, particularly in sepsis.

Changes in Little Cigar and Cigarillo Use during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample of Young Adult Users.

We examined the smoking behaviors of U.S. young adults ages 18-36 regarding little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Combining Machine Learning, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Value-Based Health Care: Protocol for Scoping Reviews.

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are self-reporting tools that can measure important information about patients, such as health priorities, experience, and perception of outcome. The use of traditional objective measures such as vital signs and lab values can be supplemented with these self-reported patient measures to provide a more complete picture of a patient's health status. Machine learning, the use of computer algorithms that improve automatically through experience, is a powerful tool in health care that often does not use subjective information shared by patients.

Diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography findings for hollow viscus injuries following thoracoabdominal gunshot wounds.

Background: Selective nonoperative management (SNOM) of abdominal gunshot wounds (GSWs) is increasingly used as computed tomography (CT) has become a diagnostic adjunct for the evaluation of intraabdominal injuries including hollow viscus injuries (HVIs). Currently, there is scarce data on the diagnostic accuracy of CT for identifying HVI. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of different CT findings in the diagnosis of HVI following abdominal GSW.

Surgical Outcomes, Trends, and Risk Factors of Distal Triceps Repairs.

Background: Distal triceps ruptures are rare, and complete ruptures are commonly treated with surgery. Studies of patients in small cohorts with distal triceps tear have reported outcomes and risk factors; however, large-scale data are scant. This study seeks to determine current trends, outcomes, and risk factors of distal triceps tears.

Breastfeeding Patterns in Mothers with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Pilot Prospective Longitudinal Study.

Background: Breastfeeding practices in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain unknown. We aimed to characterize these practices and describe factors that may lead to early discontinuation.

Methods: This was a pilot, prospective, longitudinal study enrolling mothers with IBD from 2014 to 2017.

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ligation Versus Repair of Inferior Vena Cava Injuries.

Objective: Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries have a high mortality rate that may be related to the location of injury and type of repair. Previous studies have been either single center series or database studies lacking granular detail. These have reported conflicting results.

Ibuprofen Increases the Hepatotoxicity of Ethanol through Potentiating Oxidative Stress.

Over 30 million prescriptions of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are issued every year. Considering that these drugs are available without a prescription as over the counter (OTC) drugs, their use will be astronomical. With the increasing use of NSAIDs, their adverse effects are drawing attention.

Early hypermetabolism is uncommon in trauma intensive care unit patients.

Background: Classic experiments demonstrating hypermetabolism after major trauma were performed in a different era of critical care. We aim to describe the modern posttraumatic metabolic response in the trauma intensive care unit (TICU).

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled TICU mechanically ventilated adults (aged ≥18) from 3/2018-2/2019.

Fecal Calprotectin May Predict Adverse Pregnancy-Related Outcomes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background: The role of fecal calprotectin in predicting pregnancy-related outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unknown.

Aim: To determine whether increased fecal calprotectin during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in IBD.

Methods: This is a multicenter cohort study of women with IBD who underwent fecal calprotectin monitoring during pregnancy.

Rapid Diagnosis of Altered Mental Status in Home Parenteral Nutrition Patient.

This report describes the application of a routine lab test to confirm a diagnosis of hypernatremia suspected to be secondary to an error in parenteral nutrition compounding. The novel aspect of this case is the use of the "urine electrolytes" laboratory test to verify that the electrolyte concentration of the mixture is consistent with what was printed on the bag label.

Vitamin C and thiamine are associated with lower mortality in sepsis.

Background: The efficacy of vitamin C (VitC) and thiamine (THMN) in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with sepsis is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of VitC and THMN on mortality and lactate clearance in ICU patients. We hypothesized that survival and lactate clearance would be improved when treated with thiamine and/or VitC.

Nationwide Outcomes and Risk Factors for Reinjury After Penetrating Trauma.

Background: Previous studies have shown that a notable portion of patients who are readmitted for reinjury after penetrating trauma present to a different hospital. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for reinjury after penetrating trauma including reinjury admissions to different hospitals.

Methods: The 2010-2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database was queried for patients surviving penetrating trauma.

Histological Development of the Fused Mandibular Symphysis in the Pig.

The development of the mandibular symphysis in late fetal and postnatal pigs, Sus scrofa dom. (n = 17), was studied as a model for the early fusing symphysis of anthropoid primates, including humans. The suture-like ligaments occurring in species that retain a mobile symphysis are not present in the pig.

Incidence of Cannula-Associated Deep Vein Thrombosis After Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Limited literature regarding the incidence of cannula-associated deep vein thrombosis (CaDVT) after veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) exists. The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of post decannulation CaDVT and identify any associated risk factors. Forty-eight patients were admitted between August 2014 and January 2016 to the Lung Rescue Unit were included in the study.

The lung rescue unit-Does a dedicated intensive care unit for venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation improve survival to discharge?

Background: The use of venovenous extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) for acute respiratory failure (ARF)/acute respiratory (ARDS) has increased since 2009. Specialized units for patients requiring VV ECMO are not standard and patients are often cohorted with other critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to report the outcome of adult patients admitted in 2015 to the lung rescue unit, which, to our knowledge, is the first intensive care unit in the United States that has been specifically created to provide care for patients requiring VV ECMO.