Hazards of Recurrence, Second Primary, or Other Tumor at Ten Years After Surgery for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Introduction: Better treatment options entail the risk of multiple tumors in a patient's lifetime. We studied the incidence, risk factors, and prognostic impact of second primaries and other malignancies in patients with operated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 342 consecutive patients with curatively resected NSCLC between 2003 and 2007.

[Bioavailability of natural versus synthetic B vitamins and their effects on metabolic processes].

Background: Owing to the widespread use of vitamin supplements to prevent and compensate for deficiencies, the equivalence of natural versus synthetic vitamins with respect to their bioavailability and metabolic influence is discussed controversially.

Method: Thirty healthy female (n=22) and male participants (n=8) were investigated in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study over a supplementation period of 6 weeks for each condition. The participants received a daily dose of a complex of the 8 natural B vitamins (group N), determined by the natural composition of quinoa seedlings, resp.

A Randomized Pilot Trial to Evaluate the Bioavailability of Natural versus Synthetic Vitamin B Complexes in Healthy Humans and Their Effects on Homocysteine, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Levels.

The vitamin B complex comprises 8 different water-soluble constituents that humans must sequester from the diet. This pilot study compared natural versus synthetic vitamin B complexes for their bioavailability, accumulation, and their impact on antioxidants, homocysteine levels, and oxidative stress. We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial with thirty healthy participants.

Acute care surgery: the European model.

Background: This study was designed to determine whether there is in fact a European model of acute care surgery and to describe the different care systems in the individual European countries.

Methods: Questionnaires were sent to experts on emergency surgery in 27 European countries. The assessment of attitudes toward the emerging discipline of acute care surgery was the main outcome measure.