Fecal microbiota transplantation - methods of treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infections and other diseases.

Clostridium difficile is a serious epidemiological problem and particularly dangerous microorganism causing hospital infections. Currently, the treatment of C. difficile infections is the use of metronidazole or vancomycin.

Correlation between the number of Pro-Ala repeats in the EmrA homologue of Acinetobacter baumannii and resistance to netilmicin, tobramycin, imipenem and ceftazidime.

Acinetobacter baumannii coccobacilli are dangerous to patients in intensive care units because of their multidrug resistance to antibiotics, developed mainly in the past decade. This study aimed to examine whether there is a significant correlation between the number of Pro-Ala repeats in the CAP01997 protein, the EmrA homologue of A. baumannii, and resistance to antibiotics.

Prediction of antifungal activity of gemini imidazolium compounds.

The progress of antimicrobial therapy contributes to the development of strains of fungi resistant to antimicrobial drugs. Since cationic surfactants have been described as good antifungals, we present a SAR study of a novel homologous series of 140 bis-quaternary imidazolium chlorides and analyze them with respect to their biological activity against Candida albicans as one of the major opportunistic pathogens causing a wide spectrum of diseases in human beings. We characterize a set of features of these compounds, concerning their structure, molecular descriptors, and surface active properties.

Catheter-related blood stream infection caused by Raoultella ornithinolytica.

Raoultella spp. representatives are Gram-negative capsulated, nonmotile rods. These bacteria are found in the natural environment: plants, water, soil and insects.

The prevalence of infections and colonisation with Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated in ICU patients.

Background: Klebsiella spp. are among the bacteria most commonly isolated from patients with infections in ICUs. The source of these infections may be the microflora of the patient or the hospital environment.

The use of the HRM method for identifying possible mutations in the ymoA gene region and evaluating their influence on the enterotoxic properties of Y. enterocolitica strains.

Background: The yst gene that encodes the production of Yst enterotoxins is one of the most important and reliable virulence markers. Its ability to produce Yst has been demonstrated in pathogenic strains isolated from clinical cases of yersiniosis with diarrhea. However, not all yst positive strains produce enterotoxins.

Synthesis, in vitro biological screening and molecular docking studies of novel camphor-based thiazoles.

Synthesis, characterization and investigation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of twelve camphor based 2,4-disubstituted 1,3-thiazoles is presented. Their structures were determined using NMR, IR, FAB MS and HRMS analyses. Among the derivatives, 3i and 5 were found to exhibit antifungal and antibacterial activities comparable to that of fluconazole and ciprofloxacin against yeast belonging to Candida spp.

Comparison of detection methods for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli strains.

Introduction: Detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) could be a major challenge for microbiologists--the difficulties arise mainly from the phenotypic differences among strains.

Materials And Methods: Evaluation of ESBLs was performed on 42 strains of E. coli by: 1) DDST on MHA, 2) DDST on MHA with cloxacillin, 3) CT on MHA, according to CLSI, 4) CT on MHA with cloxacillin, 5) Etest ESBL (AB Biodisk), 6) CHROMagarTM ESBL (GRASO), 7) ChromID® ESBL (bioMérieux), and 8) automatic system VITEK2 ESBL test (bioMérieux).

Detection of K1 antigen of Escherichia coli rods isolated from pregnant women and neonates.

The K1 antigen is an important virulence determinant of Escherichia coli strains and has been shown to be associated particularly with neonatal meningitis, bacteraemia and septicaemia. Thus, its detection seems to be useful, especially in the case of E. coli strains isolated from pregnant women and newborns.

In vitro effect of amphotericin B on Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis biofilm formation.

Candida spp. biofilm is considered highly resistant to conventional antifungals. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of amphotericin B on Candida spp.

Proteus mirabilis biofilm - qualitative and quantitative colorimetric methods-based evaluation.

Proteus mirabilis strains ability to form biofilm is a current topic of a number of research worldwide. In this study the biofilm formation of P. mirabilis strains derived from urine of the catheterized and non-catheterized patients has been investigated.

[Evaluation of selected properties of morphological variants of Acinetobacter baumannii complex].

Introduction: The ability of growth of Acinetobacter baumannii as morphology colony variants have been observed. However, the importance of this phenomenon for its biology is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate some properties of light and dark morphology colony variants.

[The evaluation of lipolytic activity of strains of Enterococcus faecium].

Introduction: Little is known about the involvement of hydrolytic enzymes such as lipases as virulence factors in infections involving Enterococcus spp.

Methods: A total of 45 isolates of E. faecium were investigated.

The assessment of Proteus mirabilis susceptibility to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin and the impact of these antibiotics at subinhibitory concentrations on Proteus mirabilis biofilms.

Rods of the Proteus genus are commonly isolated from patients, especially from the urinary tracts of the catheterised patients. The infections associated with biomaterials are crucial therapeutic obstacles, due to the bactericidal resistance of the biofilm. The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of P.

Antimicrobial activity and SAR study of new gemini imidazolium-based chlorides.

A series of 70 new 3,3'(α,ω-dioxaalkyl)bis(1-alkylimidazolium) chlorides were synthesized. They were characterized with respect to surface active properties and antimicrobial activity against the following pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida krusei, and Candida albicans. In this article, besides description of the synthesis, we characterize a set of features of these compounds, concerning their structure (described by the length of the dioxaalkan spacer and the length of the alkyl substituent in the aromatic ring) and surface active properties (critical micelle concentration, value of surface tension at critical micelle concentration, value of surface excess, molecular area of a single particle, and free energy of adsorption of molecule).

Effects of ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin on biofilm formation in Proteus mirabilis rods.

Proteus mirabilis rods are one of the most commonly isolated species of the Proteus genus from human infections, mainly those from the urinary tract and wounds. They are often related to biofilm structure formation. The bacterial cells of the biofilm are less susceptible to routinely used antimicrobials, making the treatment more difficult.

Candidaemia in polish hospitals - a multicentre survey.

Significant changes in the frequency of candidaemia and the distribution of causative species have been noted worldwide in the last two decades. In this study, we present the results of the first multicentre survey of fungaemia in Polish hospitals. A total of 302 candidaemia episodes in 294 patients were identified in 20 hospitals during a 2-year period.

Usefulness of phenotypic and genotypic methods for metallo-beta-lactamases detection in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic microorganism with an increasing role in nosocomial outbreaks. For the last 2 decades, a growing number of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii strains have been identified, including the metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) producers.

Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic similarity of ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.

Introduction: Twenty-eight isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae were studied.

Material And Methods: The strains were cultured from different clinical specimens obtained from children hospitalised at the University Hospital in Bydgoszcz. Seventeen strains were isolated from colonization and eleven from clinical infection.

[Adhesion and slime production by wild and clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii].

Introduction: Adhesion of bacteria to the surface plays a key role in the development of infection, and is the first stage of biofilm formation. The ability of A. baumannii strains to adhesion and forming biofilms on abiotic surfaces, as well as eucaryotic cells was described.

Human meningitis caused by Streptococcus suis.

Streptococcus suis is an important swine pathogen worldwide, which can be transmitted to human beings by direct contact; therefore, S. suis infections occur mainly in people who handle pigs or pork. We present a case of a patient with S.

Does Toxoplasma gondii infection affect cognitive function? A case control study.

According to studies, latent Toxoplasma gondii infection may affect several functions of the human brain. Here we search for the association between latent toxoplasmosis and cognitive performance. We tested 70 individuals for latent T.

Prevalence of genes encoding virulence factors among Escherichia coli with K1 antigen and non-K1 E. coli strains.

Multiplex PCR was used to detect genes encoding selected virulence determinants associated with strains of Escherichia coli with K1 antigen (K1(+)) and non-K1 E. coli (K1(-)). The prevalence of the fimA, fimH, sfa/foc, ibeA, iutA and hlyF genes was studied for 134 (67 K1(+) and 67 K1(-)) E.

[Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Morganella morganii strains isolated from clinical samples].

The aim of this study was the evaluation of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of M morganii rods isolated from clinical samples. This study included 201 strains isolated in the Clinical Microbiology Department of Dr. A.

[Morganella sp. rods--characteristics, infections, mechanisms of resistance to antibiotics].

The Morganella genus is one member of the tribe Proteae, which also includes the genera Proteus and Providencia. These bacteria are commonly present in the environment. Morganella sp.