PCA3 in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) is a urinary biomarker for prostate cancer and has demonstrated a good specificity and sensitivity representing a minimally invasive test.PCA3 assay could be useful in combination with PSA to suggest an eventual rebiopsy in men who have had one or more previous negative prostate biopsies.Combination of multiple tumor biomarkers will be the trend in the near future to achieve the goal of evaluate the aggressiveness of cancer and at the same time reducing the number of unnecessary biopsies.

Metabolic syndrome and prostatic disease: potentially role of polyphenols in preventive strategies. A review.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two common urological diseases of the elderly. Scientific community has always looked for a link that could explain the correlation between the two diseases and the role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPH and PCa. As shown by the reports of the two diseases relationship with oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome, the use of compounds with antioxidant action could therefore affect both the symptoms and their onset.

Intravesical administration of combined hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) for the treatment of female recurrent urinary tract infections: a European multicentre nested case-control study.

Objectives: To compare the clinical effectiveness of the intravesical administration of combined hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate (HA+CS) versus current standard management in adult women with recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs).

Setting: A European Union-based multicentre, retrospective nested case-control study.

Participants: 276 adult women treated for RUTIs starting from 2009 to 2013.

Association Between the Neurogenic Bladder Symptom Score and Urodynamic Examination in Multiple Sclerosis Patients With Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction.

Purpose: To determine the relationship between the neurogenic bladder symptoms score (NBSS) and urodynamic examination in patients affected by multiple sclerosis (MS) and related lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD).

Methods: We recruited 122 consecutive patients with MS in remission and LUTD from January 2011 to September 2013 who underwent their first urodynamic examination. Neurological impairment was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and bladder symptoms were studied with the NBSS.

Leydig cell tumour and giant adrenal myelolipoma associated with adrenogenital syndrome: a case report with a review of the literature.

Context: Male patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) may develop bilateral testicular adrenal rest tumours (TARTs). These tumours, in most cases, regress with glucocorticoid therapy and their histological differentiation from Leydig-cell tumors is quite difficult.

Objective: The aim of this study was to differentiate the histological and clinical features of the TARTs from those of the Leydig-cell tumours.

Accuracy capabilities comparisons between Karakiewicz, Kattan and Cindolo nomograms in predicting outcomes for renal cancer carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Several prognostic models have been proposed to predict outcomes of patients affected by renal cell carcinoma. We analyze the discriminative capabilities of Karakiewicz, Kattan and Cindolo nomograms and perform a meta-analysis to yield pooled area under the receiver operator curves (AUCs) for model comparison. The end points of interest were disease-recurrence free survival (DFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS).

Connections between lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic enlargement and metabolic syndrome with its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

A significant amount of epidemiological evidences have underlined an emerging link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic enlargement a (BPE). We aimed to assess the connections between LUTS and MetS with its components. Meta-analysis were conducted to determine the mean differences (MD) and confidence intervals of IPSS total score, IPSS-voiding, IPSS-storage and prostate volume (PV) in patients with or without MetS.

Increase of Framingham cardiovascular disease risk score is associated with severity of lower urinary tract symptoms.

Objective: To determine the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) assessed by the Framingham CVD risk score in a cohort of patients without previous episodes of stroke and/or acute myocardial infarction.

Patients And Methods: From September 2010 to September 2014, 336 consecutive patients with BPH-related LUTS were prospectively enrolled. The general 10-year Framingham CVD risk score, expressed as percentage and assessing the risk of atherosclerotic CVD events, was calculated for each patient.

Relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms: new insights from an Italian cross-sectional study.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) assessed by the fatty liver index (FLI), in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) patients and to estimate its ability in predicting LUTS.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 448 consecutive patients affected by LUTS. LUTS were evaluated using the IPSS questionnaire and metabolic syndrome (MetS) criteria (by International Diabetes Federation).

Serenoa repens, lycopene and selenium versus tamsulosin for the treatment of LUTS/BPH. An Italian multicenter double-blinded randomized study between single or combination therapy (PROCOMB trial).

Background: Phytotherapy has been used to treat patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of combination therapy between Serenoa Repens (SeR), Lycopene (Ly), and Selenium (Se) + tamsulosin versus single therapies.

Methods: PROCOMB trial (ISRCTN78639965) was a randomized double-blinded, double-dummy multicenter study of 225 patients between 55 and 80 years old, PSA ≤ 4 ng/ml, IPSS ≥12, prostate volume ≤60 cc, Qmax ≤15 ml/sec, postvoid residual urine (PVR) <150 ml.

Determinants of sexual impairment in multiple sclerosis in male and female patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction: results from an Italian cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and affects quality of life. Furthermore, lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) is common in MS patients.

Aims: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between SD, neurological disability, depression, anxiety, and urodynamic alterations in patients with MS and LUTD.

Correlation between lipid profile and heme oxygenase system in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Objective: To investigate the role of heme oxygenase (HO) system in moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptom patients and the influence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components on HO-1 or HO-2 prostatic levels.

Methods: One hundred thirty-two consecutive patients who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate were prospectively enrolled. MetS was defined by the International Diabetes Federation.

Insulin resistance is an independent predictor of severe lower urinary tract symptoms and of erectile dysfunction: results from a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Several studies have linked the association between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), erectile dysfunction (ED), and the presence of insulin resistance (IR) due to an underlined metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Aim: This study aims to determine the relationship between IR, sexual function, and LUTS and to demonstrate the ability of IR in predicting ED and severe LUTS.

Methods: Between January 2008 to January 2013, 544 consecutive patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia-related LUTS were enrolled.

Urgency, detrusor overactivity and posterior vault prolapse in women who underwent pelvic organ prolapse repair.

Introduction: We investigated the relationship between posterior vault prolapse and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms or detrusor overactivity (DO) and their changes after surgical repair.

Methods: Forty-three patients with vault prolapse and prevalent posterior compartment prolapse underwent pelvic organ prolapse repair surgery: 28 received colposacropexy and 15 were treated by the vaginal approach. Subjective success was lack of prolapse-related symptoms or urgency.

Activation of adenosine A2A receptors by polydeoxyribonucleotide increases vascular endothelial growth factor and protects against testicular damage induced by experimental varicocele in rats.

In rat experimental varicocele, polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) induces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, thereby enhancing testicular function. This may point to a new therapeutic approach in human varicocele.