Saffron therapy for the ongoing treatment of age-related macular degeneration.

Objective: To assess the long-term efficacy and safety of oral saffron, a natural antioxidant, in treating mild/moderate age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods And Analysis: Open-label, extension trial of 93 adults (>50 years) with mild/moderate AMD and vision >20/70 Snellen equivalent in at least 1 eye. Exclusion criteria included confounding visual lesions or significant gastrointestinal disease impairing absorption.

Complications, Treatment, and Outcomes of Self-Injecting Substances Into the Face: A Systematic Review.

Background: The increased demand for minimally invasive facial cosmetic procedures in tandem with the ease of acquiring injectable cosmetics through direct-to-consumer retailers has led to a rise in self-injecting cosmetics among untrained individuals.

Objective: To analyze complications, treatments, and outcomes associated with self-injecting fillers into the face.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature from PubMed and Embase databases was performed from inception to September 10, 2022, to identify studies pertaining to self-injection of facial fillers.

Factors Influencing Graduates of American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fellowships Career Choice of Academic or Private Practice: A 20-Year Review.

Absence of published literature on facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS) fellows' pursuit of academic careers hampers informed decision making for those interested in the specialty, fellowship program directors, and leaders in the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. To examine career choices among FPRS fellows from 2000 to 2019 and identify factors linked to academic or private practice employment after fellowship. Data from 796 fellows were analyzed, including gender, medical school, residency program, fellowship program, fellowship year, and degrees, to categorize them based on academic or nonacademic career placement.

Complications associated with costal cartilage harvest in pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction.

Objective: We aimed to determine the rate of complications associated with autologous costal cartilage graft harvest for pediatric laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR). Secondarily, we sought to identify risk factors associated with the harvest of autologous costal cartilage, as well as evaluate management strategies.

Data Sources: An electronic database search of Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and PubMed was completed for articles pertaining to complications in autologous costal cartilage harvest for pediatric LTR.

Understanding the Impact of Aging on Attractiveness Using a Machine Learning Model of Facial Age Progression.

Advances in machine learning age progression technology offer the unique opportunity to better understand the public's perception on the aging face. To compare how observers perceive attractiveness and traditional gender traits in faces created with a machine learning model. Eight surveys were developed, each with 10 sets of photographs that were progressively aged with a machine learning model.

Comparison of Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Score Outcomes After Autologous Cartilage Grafts and Latera Nasal Implants.

Objective: To compare quantitative Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores for ACG and Latera implants for nasal valve repair.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of patients who underwent ACG or Latera placement between January 2016 through May 2019 by a single surgeon. Patients who had completed NOSE surveys pre- and post-operatively were identified and eligible for inclusion.

Social Perception of Self-Enhanced Photographs.

The use of appearance manipulating applications on our smartphones has increased in popularity. As the aim of this study is to determine the impact of self-directed appearance manipulation on perceptions of personality and examine the influence of respondent age and gender on the various personality domains. This cross-sectional cohort study included 20 subjects between the ages of 18 to 34 who had headshots taken and were provided an introduction on the use of the Facetune2 app.

Quantitative Analysis of Enhanced Selfies in a Young Adult Population.

The use of filters and editing tools for perfecting selfies is increasing. While some aesthetic experts have touted the ability of this technology to help patients convey their aesthetic goals, others have expressed concerns about the unrealistic expectations that may come from the ability for individuals to digitally alter their own photos in these so-called "super-selfies." The aim of the study is to determine the changes that individuals seek when enhancing selfies.

Comparison between two multimodal imaging platforms: Nidek Mirante and Heidelberg Spectralis.

Purpose: To investigate the reliability and comparability of retinal measurements obtained with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO) colour images, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) between two multimodal imaging platforms in eyes with macular pathology and normal, healthy volunteers.

Methods: This cross-sectional, multi-centre, instrument validation study recruited 94 consecutive subjects. All participants underwent a dilated examination and were scanned consecutively on the Heidelberg Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and Nidek Mirante (Nidek Co.

The Role of Age and Gender on Perception of Women After Cosmetic Rhinoplasty.

Background: Rhinoplasty is known to increase attractiveness; however, the influence of observer age and gender are largely undetermined.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 20 women who underwent cosmetic rhinoplasty between January 1st, 2012, and December 31st, 2019. A total of 4 surveys were constructed with 10 sets of photographs each (5 preoperative and 5 postoperative).

Complex Nasal Fractures in the Adult-A Changing Management Philosophy.

Acute management of complex nasal fractures in the adult nose is still frequently conducted using closed reduction techniques as first-line therapy. Treatment outcomes from closed reduction are often disappointing and secondary surgical corrections are required in a sizeable subset of patients. In response to the shortcomings of closed fracture manipulation, classic rhinoplasty techniques have been introduced to improve anatomic fracture reduction.

Teaching and assessing endoscopic sinus surgery skills on a validated low-cost task trainer.

Objectives/hypothesis: To evaluate a previously validated low-cost sinus surgery task trainer as a means of acquiring basic endoscopic sinus surgery skills and as an objective structured assessment of technical skills (OSATS) to determine procedural competency.

Study Design: Prospective blinded study.

Methods: Medical students (N = 52) with no sinus surgery experience learned to perform nasal endoscopy and five specific sinus surgery tasks using the validated task trainer.

ORL emergencies boot camp: using simulation to onboard residents.

Objectives/hypothesis: Incoming otolaryngology residents are expected to triage and manage airway, bleeding, and other emergencies with little prior experience. Simulation-based education has become increasingly important as it provides tools to develop psychomotor skills and judgment early in residency, using realistic experiences while eliminating patient risk. We hypothesize that a Boot Camp course emphasizing basic otolaryngology management will increase participants' confidence and be perceived as useful in developing their knowledge, technical skills, self-confidence, and improving clinical performance, both immediately and 6 months following the course.

Temperature dependence of photochemical fluorescence fading in Skh-1 hairless mouse collagen.

Background: Type I mammalian collagens have several photolabile fluorescent moieties that absorb UV rays capable of reaching the dermis. We studied the temperature dependence of fluorescence fading as a marker of photochemical damage.

Methods: Collagen solutions were exposed to radiation from 0 to 240 min from either a UVG-11 hand lamp, total dose=1.

PD128,907 induces ocular hypotension in rabbits: involvement of D2/D3 dopamine receptors and brain natriuretic peptide.

The purpose of this study was to determine the potential role of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the PD128,907 (a dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist)-induced ocular hypotension in rabbits. The effects of topical application of PD128,907 (75, 250, 750 microg) on intraocular pressure (IOP) were investigated. The lowest dose (75 microg) did not alter IOP; while the higher doses (250 and 750 microg) reduced IOP bilaterally.

7-OH-DPAT-induced inhibition of norepinephrine release in PC12 cells.

The purpose of this study was to investigate mechanisms of suppression of norepinephrine release by 7-OH-DPAT, a dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptor agonist, in PC12 cells pretreated with nerve growth factor (NGF). 7-OH-DPAT caused inhibition of basal and K(+)-evoked norepinephrine release, which could be blocked by pretreatment with raclopride, a D(2)/D(3) receptor antagonist. Moreover, dopamine D(2) and D(3 )receptors were identified by immunocytochemistry.

CNP-induced changes in pHi, cGMP/cAMP and mRNA expression of natriuretic peptide receptors in human trabecular meshwork cells.

It has been demonstrated that natriuretic peptides lower intraocular pressure, however, the underlying cellular mechanism(s) mediating this response remain(s) to be determined. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on pH(i), cGMP/cAMP and expression of atrial natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-A), brain natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-B) and C-type natriuretic peptide receptor (NPR-C), in HTM cells. At concentrations of 10(-7) M, CNP caused an acidification of pH(i).

4-aminopyridine transiently increases intraocular pressure in rabbits.

The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanisms of action involved in the ocular hypertension induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a voltage-dependent potassium (K+) channel blocker, in rabbits. Topical application of 4-AP elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). This action caused increases in the aqueous flow rate as well as aqueous levels of protein and norepinephrine.